초록 ▼

An optimized two-stroke internal combustion diesel engine, suitable for locomotive applications, has been developed to meet the EPA locomotive Tier 2 emission standards. To achieve a low emission target below the EPA Tier 2 standards for NOx (5.5 g/bhp-hr) and particulates (0.2 g/bhp-hr), several in

An optimized two-stroke internal combustion diesel engine, suitable for locomotive applications, has been developed to meet the EPA locomotive Tier 2 emission standards. To achieve a low emission target below the EPA Tier 2 standards for NOx (5.5 g/bhp-hr) and particulates (0.2 g/bhp-hr), several innovative changes have been made to the engine. These changes include: a new piston bowl geometry; low oil consumption piston rings; optimized surface finish cylinder liner; optimized fuel injection camlobe; modified fuel injector nozzle; new efficient aftercooler; optimized oil separator; and optimized turbocharger.

대표청구항 ▼

The invention claimed is: 1. An optimized two-stroke internal combustion diesel engine, comprising: a fuel injector having a fuel injector nozzle body having at least six and less than eight fuel injection holes, said fuel injection holes being disposed substantially equidistantly around a centerli

The invention claimed is: 1. An optimized two-stroke internal combustion diesel engine, comprising: a fuel injector having a fuel injector nozzle body having at least six and less than eight fuel injection holes, said fuel injection holes being disposed substantially equidistantly around a centerline of said fuel injector nozzle body, each said fuel injector hole having a diameter of substantially between 0.0133 inches and 0.0152 inches; wherein said fuel injection holes are oriented at an included angle with respect to said centerline of substantially between 148 degrees and 152 degrees, and at least one piston, each said piston comprising a piston crown comprising a piston bowl and a squish land which circumscribes said piston bowl, said piston bowl having a substantially flat floor section and comprising: a toroidal major diameter of substantially between 4.980 inches and 4.940 inches; a toroidal minor radius of substantially between 0.670 inches and 0.630 inches; a toroidal submersion below said squish land of substantially between 0.765 inches and 0.725 inches; a center cone angle of substantially between twenty-three and one-half degrees and twenty-one and one half degrees; a crown rim radius of substantially 0.38 inches; and a center spherical radius of substantially 0.75 inches. 2. The optimized engine of claim 1, wherein said piston bowl comprises: said toroidal major diameter being substantially 4.960 inches; said toroidal minor radius being substantially 0.650 inches; said toroidal submersion below the squish land being substantially 0.745inches; and said center cone angle being substantially twenty-two and one-half degrees. 3. The optimized engine of claim 2, wherein each said piston further comprises a piston diameter of substantially 9.055 inches; and a piston bowl depth of substantially between 1.435 inches and 1.355 inches. 4. The optimized engine of claim 1, wherein said fuel injector nozzle body has seven fuel injection holes. 5. The optimized engine of claim 1, wherein said fuel injector nozzle body has six fuel injection holes. 6. The optimized engine of claim 1, further comprising: a fuel camlobe respectively for each said fuel injector; at least one exhaust valve respectively for each said piston; at least one intake port respectively for each said piston; and a crankshaft connected to each said piston, wherein operation of said at least one exhaust valve is related to rotation of the crankshaft, and wherein said at least one fuel camlobe is positioned optimally with respect to the crankshaft so as to provide optimal fuel injection timing at the fuel injection holes of said fuel injector nozzle body; wherein timing of the engine comprises: said at least one piston having a top dead center position at 0 degrees; said at least one exhaust valve opening at substantially between 81 degrees and 77 degrees after said piston top dead center; said at least one intake port opening at substantially between 123 degrees and 127 degrees after said piston top dead center; said at least one intake port closing at substantially between 237 degrees and 233 degrees after said piston top dead center; said at least one exhaust valve closing at substantially between 259 degrees and 255 degrees after said piston top dead center; said fuel injector beginning fuel injection at between substantially 6 degrees and 2 degrees before said piston top dead center; and said fuel injector ending said fuel injection at between substantially 22 degrees and 18 degrees after said piston top dead center. 7. The optimized engine of claim 6, further comprising a cylinder liner respectively for each said piston, wherein said cylinder liner has a finished surface having between about 20 and 45 micro-inch Ra. 8. The optimized engine of claim 7, wherein each said piston further comprises: a first piston ring pack comprising a first set of four piston rings configured for minimizing combustion gas blow-by; and a second piston ring pack comprising a second set of two piston rings configured for minimizing oil loss; wherein said second piston ring pack is spaced further from said piston crown than said first ring pack is spaced from said piston ring. 9. The optimized engine of claim 8, further comprising: an airbox; a turbocharger; and an aftercooler connected between said airbox and said turbocharger; wherein said airbox comprises a charge air heat exchanger section having a water manifold with a blocked air by-pass at an air side thereof. 10. The optimized engine of claim 9, further comprising an optimized oil separator connected to a crankcase of said engine, said evacuator assembly comprising a multi-orifice nozzle and adjacent evacuator tube. 11. The optimized engine of claim 10, wherein said piston bowl comprises: said toroidal major diameter being substantially 4.960 inches; said toroidal minor radius being substantially 0.650 inches; said toroidal submersion below the squish land being substantially 0.745 inches; and said center cone angle being substantially twenty-two and one-half degrees. 12. The optimized engine of claim 11, wherein each said piston further comprises a piston diameter of substantially 9.055 inches; and a piston bowl depth of substantially between 1.435 inches and 1.355 inches. 13. The optimized engine of claim 12, wherein said fuel injector nozzle body has seven fuel injection holes. 14. The optimized engine of claim 12, wherein said fuel injector nozzle body has six fuel injection holes. 15. A piston for use in an internal combustion diesel engine including a fuel injector having a fuel injector nozzle body having at least six and less than eight fuel injection holes, said fuel injection holes being disposed substantially equidistantly around a centerline of said fuel injector nozzle body, each said fuel injector hole having a diameter of substantially between 0.0133 inches and 0.0152 inches; wherein said fuel injection holes are oriented at an included angle with respect to said centerline of substantially between 148 degrees and 152 degrees, said piston comprising: a piston crown comprising a piston bowl and a squish land which circumscribes said piston bowl, said piston bowl having a substantially flat floor section and comprising: a toroidal major diameter of substantially between 4.980 inches and 4.940 inches; a toroidal minor radius of substantially between 0.670 inches and 0.630 inches; a toroidal submersion below said squish land of substantially between 0.765 inches and 0.725 inches; a center cone angle of substantially between twenty-three and one-half degrees and twenty-one and one half degrees; a crown rim radius of substantially 0.38 inches; and a center spherical radius of substantially 0.75 inches. 16. The piston of claim 15, wherein said piston bowl further comprises: said toroidal major diameter being substantially 4.960 inches; said toroidal minor radius being substantially 0.650 inches; said toroidal submersion below the squish land being substantially 0.745 inches; and said center cone angle being substantially twenty-two and one-half degrees. 17. The piston of claim 16, further comprising a piston diameter of substantially 9.055 inches; and a piston bowl depth of substantially between 1.435 inches and 1.355 inches.