Roller link toggle gripper and downhole tractor
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
E21B-004/18
E21B-004/00
출원번호
US-0083115
(2005-03-17)
등록번호
US-7392859
(2008-07-01)
발명자
/ 주소
Mock,Philip W.
Moore,N. Bruce
Bloom,Duane
출원인 / 주소
Western Well Tool, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Knobbe, Martens, Olson & Bear LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
34인용 특허 :
78
초록▼
An expandable gripper assembly may be configured for anchoring a tool in a passage. The expandable gripper assembly includes first, second, and third pivotally connected links that are coupled to a tool. The third link is adapted to engage an inner wall in the passage. An actuation mechanism causes
An expandable gripper assembly may be configured for anchoring a tool in a passage. The expandable gripper assembly includes first, second, and third pivotally connected links that are coupled to a tool. The third link is adapted to engage an inner wall in the passage. An actuation mechanism causes the third link to move radially outward from the tool for engagement with the inner wall. The actuation mechanism may comprise a roller mechanism that pushes on an inner surface of the first link for causing the first link to pivot outward away from the body. As the first and second links pivot outward, the third link moves in a radial direction for engagement with an inner wall.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. An expandable assembly for anchoring a tool in a passage, comprising: an elongate body defining a first longitudinal axis; and an expandable gripper assembly comprising: a first actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body, said first actuation
What is claimed is: 1. An expandable assembly for anchoring a tool in a passage, comprising: an elongate body defining a first longitudinal axis; and an expandable gripper assembly comprising: a first actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body, said first actuation assembly including a roller mechanism; a second actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body; a roller link having first and second ends, said first end being coupled to said elongate body, said roller link having an inner surface facing said elongate body and configured for engagement with said roller mechanism; a toe link having an outer surface for engaging an inner wall of the passage, said toe link having first and second ends, said first end of said toe link being pivotally coupled to said second end of said roller link; and a toggle link having first and second ends, said first end of said toggle link being pivotally coupled to said second end of said toe link, said second end of said toggle link being coupled to said second actuation assembly; wherein movement of said first actuation assembly causes said roller mechanism to push on said inner surface of said roller link thereby causing said roller link to pivot away from said elongate body about said first end of the roller link and wherein movement of said second actuation assembly pushes said second end of said toggle link toward said first end of said roller link, and wherein a length between the first end and the second end of the roller link is greater than a length between the first end and the second end of the toggle link. 2. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein said expandable assembly comprises a first tractor for moving a tool through a passage, said expandable assembly further comprising: at least one propulsion assembly configured to advance said elongate body through the passage relative to said expandable gripper assembly. 3. The expandable assembly of claim 2, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises: a second gripper assembly longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage. 4. The expandable assembly of claim 3, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises a second tractor for moving a tool through a passage. 5. The expandable assembly of claim 2, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises: two or more gripper assemblies longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage. 6. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the inner surface of the roller link comprises an inclined ramp configured for engagement with the roller mechanism, and wherein the inclined ramp has a radially inner end and a radially outer end such that movement of the roller mechanism from the radially inner end of the inclined ramp to the radially outer end of the inclined ramp causes said roller link to pivot away from said elongate body. 7. The expandable assembly of claim 6, wherein the inclined ramp of the inner surface of the roller link has an angle of inclination that varies along a length of the inclined ramp. 8. The expandable assembly of claim 7, wherein a variation of the angle of inclination is configured such that said expandable gripper assembly is capable of generating a substantially uniform radial force for any radial expansion of the toe link where the roller mechanism maintains rotatable contact with the inner surface of the roller link. 9. The expandable assembly of claim 1 wherein the roller mechanism maintains rotatable contact with the inner surface of the roller link at smaller radial expansions of the toe link, and wherein the roller mechanism becomes separated from said inner surface of said roller link at larger radial expansions of the toe link. 10. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the first actuation assembly comprises a roller sleeve longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body and wherein the roller mechanism is rotatably mounted to the roller sleeve. 11. The expandable assembly of claim 10, wherein the second actuation assembly comprises a toggle sleeve longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body. 12. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the first actuation assembly and the second actuation assembly move in a same longitudinal direction for effecting radial movement of the toe link. 13. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the first actuation assembly and the second actuation assembly cooperate to effect radial movement of the toe link. 14. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the elongate body is formed with a first cylinder and a second cylinder, wherein the first actuation assembly comprises a first piston slidably disposed within said first cylinder, wherein the roller mechanism of the first actuation assembly is located outside of said first cylinder, and wherein the second actuation assembly comprises a second piston disposed within the second cylinder and an arm extending outside the second cylinder. 15. The expandable assembly of claim 14, wherein said first and second cylinders are configured for receiving hydraulic fluid for producing movement of said first and second pistons. 16. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the first and second actuation assemblies are configured such that the expandable gripper assembly is capable of applying a radial force of at least about 1000 pounds to the inner wall of the passage for any radial expansion of the gripper assembly that would engage a substantially cylindrical segment having an inner diameter ranging between about 3-�� inches and about 8-�� inches. 17. The expandable assembly of claim 1, wherein the first and second actuation assemblies are configured such that the expandable gripper assembly is capable of applying a radial force of at least about 300 pounds to the inner wall of the passage for any radial expansion of the gripper assembly that would engage a substantially cylindrical segment having an inner diameter ranging between about 2-⅞ inches and about 12-�� inches. 18. An expandable assembly for anchoring a tool in a passage, comprising: an elongate body configured for insertion into the passage; and an expandable gripper assembly comprising: a first link having a first end pivotally coupled to said elongate body; a second link having a first end and a second end; a third link having a first end pivotally coupled to a second end of said first link, and having a second end pivotally coupled to the first end of said second link, said third link being configured for engagement with an inner wall of the passage; a first sleeve longitudinally slidably engaged to said elongate body, said first sleeve coupled to a roller shaped for engaging an inner surface of said first link; and a second sleeve longitudinally slidably engaged to said elongate body, said second sleeve coupled to the second end of said second link; wherein longitudinal movement of said first and second sleeves relative to said elongate body effects radial movement of said third link, and wherein said first and second sleeves move in a same longitudinal direction relative to said elongate body for effecting radial movement of said third link. 19. The expandable assembly of claim 18, wherein said expandable assembly comprises a first tractor for moving a tool through a passage, said expandable assembly further comprising: at least one propulsion assembly configured to advance said elongate body through the passage relative to said expandable gripper assembly. 20. The expandable assembly of claim 19, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises: a second gripper assembly longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage. 21. The expandable assembly of claim 20, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises a second tractor for moving a tool through a passage. 22. The expandable assembly of claim 19, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises: two or more gripper assemblies longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage. 23. The expandable assembly of claim 18, wherein said first and second sleeves each includes a piston slidably disposed within a cylinder, said cylinders being configured for receiving hydraulic fluid for producing movement of said pistons. 24. The expandable assembly of claim 18, wherein said first sleeve primarily effects radial movement of said third link at smaller radial expansions and said second sleeve primarily effects radial movement of said third link at larger radial expansions. 25. The expandable assembly of claim 18, wherein said first link becomes separated from said roller at larger radial expansions of said third link. 26. An expandable assembly for anchoring a tool in a passage, comprising: an elongate body defining a first longitudinal axis; and an expandable gripper assembly comprising: a first actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body, said first actuation assembly including a roller; a second actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body; a roller link having first and second ends, said first end being coupled to said elongate body, said roller link having an inner surface facing said elongate body and configured for engagement with said roller; a toe link having an outer surface for engaging an inner wall of the passage, said toe link having first and second ends, said first end of said toe link being coupled to said second end of said roller link; a toggle link having first and second ends, said first end of said toggle link being coupled to said second end of said toe link, said second end of said toggle link being coupled to said second actuation assembly; and a locking mechanism for selectively preventing said second actuation assembly from moving, thereby preventing self-energizing of the expandable gripper assembly; wherein movement of said first actuation assembly causes said roller to push on said inner surface of said roller link for causing said roller link to pivot away from said body about said first end and wherein movement of said second actuation assembly pushes said second end of said toggle link toward said first end of said roller link. 27. The expandable assembly of claim 26, wherein the expandable assembly is a tractor for moving a tool through a passage, said expandable assembly further comprising: a second gripper assembly longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage; at least one propulsion assembly configured to advance said elongate body through the passage relative to said expandable gripper assembly and said second gripper assembly. 28. The expandable assembly of claim 26, wherein said locking mechanism comprises a ball configured to be received within a recess formed in said second actuation assembly. 29. An expandable assembly for anchoring a tool in a passage, comprising: an elongate body defining a first longitudinal axis; and an expandable gripper assembly comprising: a first actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body, said first actuation assembly including a roller mechanism; a second actuation assembly longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body; a roller link having first and second ends, said first end being coupled to said elongate body, said roller link having an inner surface facing said elongate body and configured for engagement with said roller mechanism; a toe link having an outer surface for engaging an inner wall of the passage, said toe link having first and second ends, said first end of said toe link being pivotally coupled to said second end of said roller link; and a toggle link having first and second ends, said first end of said toggle link being pivotally coupled to said second end of said toe link, said second end of said toggle link being coupled to said second actuation assembly; wherein movement of said first actuation assembly causes said roller mechanism to push on said inner surface of said roller link thereby causing said roller link to pivot away from said elongate body about said first end of the roller link and wherein movement of said second actuation assembly pushes said second end of said toggle link toward said first end of said roller link, and wherein the first actuation assembly and the second actuation assembly move in a same longitudinal direction for effecting radial movement of the toe link. 30. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein said expandable assembly comprises a first tractor for moving a tool through a passage, said expandable assembly further comprising: at least one propulsion assembly configured to advance said elongate body through the passage relative to said expandable gripper assembly. 31. The expandable assembly of claim 30, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises: a second gripper assembly longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage. 32. The expandable assembly of claim 31, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises a second tractor for moving a tool through a passage. 33. The expandable assembly of claim 30, wherein said expandable assembly further comprises: two or more gripper assemblies longitudinally movably engaged with the elongate body and configured to be selectively engaged with an inner surface of the passage. 34. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein a length between the first end and the second end of the roller link is greater than a length between the first end and the second end of the toggle link. 35. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein the inner surface of the roller link comprises an inclined ramp configured for engagement with the roller mechanism, and wherein the inclined ramp has a radially inner end and a radially outer end such that movement of the roller mechanism from the radially inner end of the inclined ramp to the radially outer end of the inclined ramp causes said roller link to pivot away from said elongate body. 36. The expandable assembly of claim 35, wherein the inclined ramp of the inner surface of the roller link has an angle of inclination that varies along a length of the inclined ramp. 37. The expandable assembly of claim 36, wherein a variation of the angle of inclination is configured such that said expandable gripper assembly is capable of generating a substantially uniform radial force for any radial expansion of the toe link where the roller mechanism maintains rotatable contact with the inner surface of the roller link. 38. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein the roller mechanism maintains rotatable contact with the inner surface of the roller link at smaller radial expansions of the toe link, and wherein the roller mechanism becomes separated from said inner surface of said roller link at larger radial expansions of the toe link. 39. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein the first actuation assembly comprises a roller sleeve longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body and wherein the roller mechanism is rotatably mounted to the roller sleeve. 40. The expandable assembly of claim 39, wherein the second actuation assembly comprises a toggle sleeve longitudinally slidable with respect to the elongate body. 41. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein the first actuation assembly and the second actuation assembly cooperate to effect radial movement of the toe link. 42. The expandable assembly of claim 29, wherein the elongate body is formed with a first cylinder and a second cylinder, wherein the first actuation assembly comprises a first piston slidably disposed within said first cylinder, wherein the roller mechanism of the first actuation assembly is located outside of said first cylinder, and wherein the second actuation assembly comprises a second piston disposed within the second cylinder and an arm extending outside the second cylinder. 43. The expandable assembly of claim 42, wherein said first and second cylinders are configured for receiving hydraulic fluid for producing movement of said first and second pistons.
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