IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0844378
(2004-05-13)
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등록번호 |
US-7405243
(2008-07-29)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Lowe,Clifford M.
- Chinn,Daniel
- Bryan,Paul
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
10 인용 특허 :
20 |
초록
▼
The invention relates to a process for producing a hydrogen-rich stream from a hydrogen-depleted stream. More particularly, the invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis process, by way of example, a Fischer Tropsch process, from which both hydrocarbons and high purity hydrogen are obtained. The
The invention relates to a process for producing a hydrogen-rich stream from a hydrogen-depleted stream. More particularly, the invention relates to a hydrocarbon synthesis process, by way of example, a Fischer Tropsch process, from which both hydrocarbons and high purity hydrogen are obtained. The process comprises contacting the hydrogen-depleted stream with a first reverse-selective membrane and a second reverse-selective membrane to provide a CO2-enriched permeate and a hydrogen-containing retentate. The high purity hydrogen is produced from the hydrogen-containing retentate. The high purity hydrogen thus obtained may be used in a process selected from the group consisting of upgrading hydrocarbons produced from the hydrocarbon synthesis process, hydrotreating a natural gas stream, recycling to the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit, high purity hydrogen production, catalyst rejuvenation, and combinations thereof.
대표청구항
▼
What is claimed is: 1. A process for providing a hydrogen-rich stream comprising: a) performing a hydrocarbon synthesis process using syngas; b) isolating a gaseous stream comprising hydrogen from the hydrocarbon synthesis process; c) contacting the gaseous stream comprising hydrogen with a first r
What is claimed is: 1. A process for providing a hydrogen-rich stream comprising: a) performing a hydrocarbon synthesis process using syngas; b) isolating a gaseous stream comprising hydrogen from the hydrocarbon synthesis process; c) contacting the gaseous stream comprising hydrogen with a first reverse selective membrane to provide a first CO2-enriched permeate and a first hydrogen-containing retentate; d) passing the first hydrogen-containing retentate through a water gas shift reactor to provide a hydrogen-containing stream; e) contacting the hydrogen-containing stream with a second reverse selective membrane to provide a second CO2-enriched permeate and a second hydrogen-containing retentate; and f) passing the second hydrogen-containing retentate through a pressure swing adsorption unit to provide a hydrogen-rich stream comprising greater than 90 vol. % hydrogen. 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon synthesis process is a Fischer Tropsch process. 3. The process according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises passing the hydrogen-containing stream through a vapor-liquid separator to remove water prior to contacting with the second reverse selective membrane. 4. The process according to claim 1, wherein the process further comprises using the hydrogen-rich stream for a process selected from the group consisting of (i) upgrading a hydrocarbon product stream from the hydrocarbon synthesis process; (ii) hydrotreating a natural gas stream; (iii) recycling the hydrogen-rich stream to a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit; (iv) hydrogen production for uses outside the hydrocarbon synthesis process; (v) rejuvenating a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction catalyst; and (vi) combinations thereof. 5. The process according to claim 1, wherein the second hydrogen-containing retentate is at a pressure of ≧ about 100 psig. 6. The process according to claim 1, wherein the second hydrogen-containing retentate is at a pressure of ≧ about 200 psig. 7. The process according to claim 3, wherein the gaseous stream comprising hydrogen comprises less than 35 vol. % hydrogen and the second hydrogen-containing retentate comprises greater than 40 vol. % hydrogen. 8. The process according to claim 1, wherein the hydrogen-rich stream comprises greater than 99 vol. % hydrogen. 9. The process according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous stream comprises CO2, CO, H2O (g), gaseous C1-C5 hydrocarbons, and less than 35 vol. % H2. 10. The process according to claim 1, wherein the gaseous stream comprising hydrogen is isolated from a source selected from the group consisting of (i) a tail gas from a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit; (ii) the syngas prior to performing the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction; (iii) a tail gas from an upgrading process; and (iv) combinations thereof. 11. A process for providing a hydrogen-rich stream comprising: a) performing a hydrocarbon synthesis process; b) isolating a hydrogen-depleted stream from the hydrocarbon synthesis process; and c) isolating a hydrogen-rich stream comprising greater than 90 vol. % hydrogen from the hydrogen-depleted stream by a process comprising contacting the hydrogen-containing stream with a first reverse-selective membrane and a second reverse-selective membrane. 12. The process according to claim 11, wherein the hydrocarbon synthesis process is a Fischer Tropsch process. 13. The process according to claim 11, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream comprises less than 35 vol. % hydrogen. 14. The process according to claim 11, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream is isolated from a source selected from the group consisting of (i) a tail gas from a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit; (ii) syngas prior to performing the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction; (iii) a tail gas from an upgrading process; and (iv) combinations thereof. 15. The process according to claim 11, wherein the process for isolating the hydrogen-rich stream further comprises passing the hydrogen-depleted stream through a water gas shift reactor and through a pressure swing adsorption unit, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream is contacted with the first reverse-selective membrane, passed through the water gas shift reactor, and contacted with the second reverse selective membrane prior to the pressure swing adsorption unit. 16. The process according to claim 11, wherein the hydrogen-rich stream comprises greater than 99 vol. % hydrogen. 17. An integrated Fischer Tropsch process comprising: a) performing Fischer Tropsch process using syngas to provide a hydrocarbon product stream and a hydrogen-depleted stream; b) isolating a hydrogen-rich stream from the hydrogen-depleted stream by a process comprising contacting the hydrogen-depleted stream with a first reverse-selective membrane and a second reverse-selective membrane; and c) upgrading at least a portion of the hydrocarbon product stream by reacting it with at least a portion of the hydrogen-rich stream. 18. The integrated process according to claim 17, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream comprises less than 40 vol. % hydrogen and the hydrogen-rich stream comprises greater than 95 vol. % hydrogen. 19. The integrated process according to claim 17, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream comprises less than 35 vol. % hydrogen and the hydrogen-rich stream comprises greater than 99 vol. % hydrogen. 20. The integrated process according to claim 17, wherein the hydrogen-rich stream is isolated from the hydrogen-depleted stream by a process comprising (i) contacting the hydrogen-depleted stream with a first reverse-selective membrane to provide a first CO2-enriched permeate and a first hydrogen-containing retentate; (ii) passing the first hydrogen-containing retentate through a water gas shift reactor to provide a hydrogen-containing stream; (iii) contacting the hydrogen-containing stream with a second reverse-selective membrane to provide a second CO2-enriched permeate and a second hydrogen-containing retentate; and (iv) passing the second hydrogen-containing retentate through a pressure swing adsorption unit to provide the hydrogen-rich stream. 21. The integrated process according to claim 17, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream is isolated from a source selected from the group consisting of (i) a tail gas from a Fischer Tropsch synthesis reaction unit; (ii) the syngas prior to performing the Fischer Tropsch synthesis reaction; (iii) a tail gas from an upgrading process; and (iv) combinations thereof. 22. The integrated process according to claim 20, wherein the second hydrogen-containing retentate is at a pressure of ≧ about 100 psig. 23. The process according to claim 20, wherein the process further comprises passing the hydrogen-containing stream through a vapor-liquid separator to remove water after the water gas shift reaction and before contacting with the second reverse selective membrane. 24. The process according to claim 17, wherein the process comprises using a portion of the hydrogen-rich stream for a process selected from the group consisting of (i) hydrotreating a natural gas stream; (ii) recycling the hydrogen-rich stream to a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit; (iii) hydrogen production for uses outside the hydrocarbon synthesis process; (iv) rejuvenating a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction catalyst; and (v) combinations thereof. 25. The process according to claim 21, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream comprises less than 35 vol. % hydrogen. 26. A process for providing a hydrogen-rich stream comprising: a) performing a hydrocarbon synthesis process using syngas to provide at least one hydrocarbon stream and a hydrogen-depleted stream; b) isolating a hydrogen-containing stream from the hydrogen-depleted stream by a process comprising contacting with a first reverse-selective membrane, performing a water gas shift reaction, and contacting with a second reverse-selective membrane, wherein the hydrogen concentration on a water-free basis of the hydrogen-containing stream is at least 5 vol. % greater than the hydrogen concentration on a water-free basis of the hydrogen-depleted stream; and c) passing the hydrogen-containing stream through a pressure swing adsorption unit to provide a hydrogen-rich stream comprising greater than 90 vol. % hydrogen. 27. The process according to claim 26, wherein the process for isolating a hydrogen-containing stream from the hydrogen-depleted stream further comprises removing water in a vapor-liquid separator. 28. The process according to claim 26, wherein the hydrogen depleted stream comprises less than 40 vol. % hydrogen. 29. The process according to claim 26, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream comprises less than 35 vol. % hydrogen. 30. The process according to claim 26, wherein the hydrogen-depleted stream is isolated from a source selected from the group consisting of (i) a tail gas from a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit; (ii) the syngas prior to performing the hydrocarbon synthesis reaction; (iii) a tail gas from an upgrading process; and (iv) combinations thereof. 31. The process according to claim 26, wherein the process further comprises using the hydrogen-rich stream for a process selected from the group consisting of (i) upgrading a hydrocarbon product stream from the hydrocarbon synthesis process; (ii) hydrotreating a natural gas stream; (iii) recycling the hydrogen-rich stream to a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction unit; (iv) hydrogen production for uses outside the hydrocarbon synthesis process; (v) rejuvenating a hydrocarbon synthesis reaction catalyst; and (vi) combinations thereof. 32. The process according to claim 26, wherein the hydrocarbon synthesis process is a Fischer Tropsch process.
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