The invention of novel, effective vaccines against Mycoplasma bovis for use in cattle is described. These vaccines demonstrate no undesirable side effects and protect against M. bovis related disease, such as contagious mastitis, respiratory pneumonia, joint infections, keratoconjunctivitis and midd
The invention of novel, effective vaccines against Mycoplasma bovis for use in cattle is described. These vaccines demonstrate no undesirable side effects and protect against M. bovis related disease, such as contagious mastitis, respiratory pneumonia, joint infections, keratoconjunctivitis and middle ear infections. The novel vaccines also lessen the effect M. bovis infections on milk production, weight gain and animal health. Methods of diagnosing characterizing and treating M. bovis infections as specific biotypes are also disclosed. Vaccine compositions made in accordance with the invention may be either of the attenuated or inactivated variety. Vaccines may also include antigens from other pathogens so as to provide a protective immunogenic response to diseases other than those caused by M. bovis.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A method of immunizing bovine animals against mastitis comprising administering to bovine animals at least one inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype, whereby the clinical incidence of mastitis in the bovine animals is reduced such that the number or percentage of
What is claimed is: 1. A method of immunizing bovine animals against mastitis comprising administering to bovine animals at least one inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype, whereby the clinical incidence of mastitis in the bovine animals is reduced such that the number or percentage of bovine animals that show clinical Mycoplasma bovis infection is less after such administering than before such administering. 2. The method of claim 1 comprising administering at least one inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotype to at least about 50% of the herd. 3. The method of claim 1 where the inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype is administered together with an adjuvant. 4. The method of claim 3 where the adjuvant is an aluminum hydroxide-oil emulsion; a mineral, vegetable, or fish oil-water emulsion; a water-oil-water emulsion; incomplete Freund's adjuvant; E. coli J5; dextran sulfate; iron oxide; sodium alginate; Bacto-Adjuvant; a synthetic polymer; Carbopol; a poly-amino acid; a co-polymer of amino acids; saponin; carrageenan; N,N-dioctadecyl-N'-N'-bis(2-hydroxyethyl) propanediamine; a long chain polydispersed β(1,4) linked mannan polymer interspersed with O-acetylated groups; deproteinized cell wall extracts from a non-pathogenic strain of Mycobacterium; mannite monooleate; paraffin oil; or muramyl dipeptide. 5. The method of claim 1 where the inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype is administered together with a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient. 6. The method of claim 1 where the inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype is administered orally, intranasally, intratracheally, intramuscularly, intramammarily, subcutaneously, intravenously, or intradermally. 7. The method of claim 1 where the inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype is administered by injection, inhalation, ingestion, or infusion. 8. The method of claim 1 where the Mycoplasma bovis biotype has been inactivated. 9. The method of claim 8 where the Mycoplasma bovis biotype has been inactivated by treatment with: formalin, azide, freeze-thawing, sonication, heat, sudden pressure drop, detergent, lysozyme, phenol, proteolytic enzymes, β-propiolactone, Thimerosal, or binary ethyleneimine. 10. The method of claim 9 where the Mycoplasma bovis biotype has been inactivated by treatment with β-propiolactone. 11. The method of claim 1 where at least two inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are administered. 12. The method of claim 11 where the at least two inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are selected from the group consisting of Biotype A, Biotype B, and Biotype C. 13. The method of claim 11 where at least 108 cell equivalents of each Mycoplasma bovis biotype are administered. 14. The method of claim 11 where approximately 108 cell equivalents of each Mycoplasma bovis biotype are administered. 15. The method of claim 11 where at least approximately 105 cell equivalents of each Mycoplasma bovis biotype are administered. 16. The method of claim 11 where approximately 105 cell equivalents of each Mycoplasma bovis biotype are administered. 17. The method of claim 11 where the at least two inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are administered separately. 18. The method of claim 1 where at least two inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotypes and an antigen derived from another pathogen are administered. 19. The method of claim 18 where the antigen from another pathogen is from an attenuated or inactivated virus. 20. The method of claim 18 where the antigen from another pathogen is selected from the group consisting of antigens from Staphylococcus aureus, Pasteurella hemolytica, Pasteurella multocida, Hemophilus somnus, Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, E. coli, and the organism causing Infectious Bovine Rhinotrachial Disease. 21. The method of claim 11 where the at least two inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are genetically different as determined by an analysis of DNA or RNA from the biotypes. 22. The method of claim 21 where the analysis is PCR fingerprinting, analysis of ribosomal RNA, or analysis of DNA polymorphisms. 23. The method of claim 22 where the analysis is by PCR fingerprinting. 24. The method of claim 23 where the PCR fingerprinting uses arbitrarily chosen primers. 25. The method of claim 23 where the PCR fingerprinting uses as primers 5' NNN NCG NCG NCA TCN GGC 3' (SEQ ID NO:1) and 5' NCG NCT TAT CNG GCC TAC 3' (SEQ ID NO:2). 26. The method of claim 11 where the at least two Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are administered in a specific ratio. 27. The method of claim 11 where the at least two Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are grown separately as pure cultures, inactivated, and combined together in equal amounts before being administered to the animal. 28. A method for immunizing bovine animals against mastitis comprising administering to bovine animals an antigenic component from at least one inactivated or attenuated Mycoplasma bovis biotype, whereby the clinical incidence of mastitis in the bovine animals is reduced such that the number or percentage of bovine animals that show clinical Mycoplasma bovis infection is less after such administering than before such administering. 29. The method of claim 28 where antigenic components from at least two Mycoplasma bovis biotypes are administered. 30. The method of claim 1 where the administering results in greater milk production, greater weight gain, or less clinical disease in the bovine animal. 31. A method of immunizing bovine animals against mastitis comprising: (a) testing samples from bovine animals for the presence of Mycoplasma bovis biotypes, thereby identifying specific Mycoplasma bovis biotypes in the samples; (b) preparing a vaccine by inactivating at least 105 cell equivalents of at least one of the Mycoplasma bovis biotypes identified in step (a); and (c) administering to the bovine animals the vaccine of step (b), whereby the bovine animals are immunized so that the clinical incidence of mastitis in the bovine animals is reduced such that the number or percentage of bovine animals that show clinical Mycoplasma bovis infection is less after such administering than before such administering. 32. The method of claim 31 where the sample is milk. 33. The method of claim 31 where step (a) comprises genetic analysis of DNA or RNA from the Mycoplasma bovis biotypes. 34. The method of claim 33 where the genetic analysis is PCR fingerprinting, analysis of ribosomal RNA, or analysis of DNA polymorphisms. 35. The method of claim 34 where the genetic analysis is PCR fingerprinting. 36. The method of claim 1 whereby the administering does not cause unfavorable reactions. 37. The method of claim 11 whereby the administering does not cause unfavorable reactions. 38. The method of claim 8 whereby the at least one inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotype has not been inactivated with formalin. 39. The method of claim 11 whereby the at least two inactivated Mycoplasma bovis biotypes have not been inactivated with formalin.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (10)
MacKenzie Neill M. (St. Albans GB3) O\Sullivan Angela M. (Berkhamsted GB3), Adjuvant complexes and vaccine made therefrom.
Beck, Michael; Knittel, Jeffrey, Modified live vaccine of Mycoplasma bovis, methods of producing modified live Mycoplasma bovis vaccines, combination vaccines and methods of treatment.
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