[특허]Up-wind type windmill and operating method therefor

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.

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특허 상세정보

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내보내기 페이스북 공유 트위터 공유 카카오톡 공유

Up-wind type windmill and operating method therefor

특허상세정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	F03D-009/00 H02P-009/04 H02H-007/06 H02P-009/00 H02P-011/00 F03B-015/06 F03B-015/00 F03B-007/00 F03B-009/00 F03D-007/00 F03D-007/06 F03D-007/02
미국특허분류(USC)	290/044; 322/024; 415/004.4; 416/011; 416/013; 416/014
출원번호	US-0486250 (2002-12-26)
등록번호	US-7436083 (2008-10-14)
우선권정보	JP-2001-399459(2001-12-28)
국제출원번호	PCT/JP02/013682 (2002-12-26)
§371/§102 date	20040322 (20040322)
국제공개번호	WO03/058062 (2003-07-17)
발명자 / 주소	Shibata,Masaaki Furukawa,Toyoaki Hayashi,Yoshiyuki Yatomi,Yuuji Tsutsumi,Kazuhisa
출원인 / 주소	Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.
대리인 / 주소	Wenderoth, Lind & Ponack, L.L.P.
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 41 인용 특허 : 37

초록
▼

A structure of an upwind type wind turbine and the operating method thereof capable of preventing the occurrence of damage of the blades by evading excessive irregular loads from acting on the blades in the slanting direction in the event of power failure when strong wind blows, are provided. In the upwind type wind turbine having a nacelle supported for rotation on a support, the nacelle is rotated to a downwind position by rotating it by 180�� from a normal upwind position and kept in stand-by condition at a downwind position when detected wind speed is higher than the predetermined cutout wind speed, which is the reference wind speed for shifting to an idle operation state. When the detected wind speed is higher than the DWSS wind speed determined based on the maximum permissible instantaneous wind speed, the nacelle is rotated from an upwind position to a downwind position and the yaw brake is released.

대표
청구항
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The invention claimed is: 1. An upwind type wind turbine comprising: a support structured and arranged to stand erect on the ground or on a ship; a nacelle supported by said support so as to be rotatable in a plane perpendicular to an axis of said support when said support is standing erect; a rotor having a plurality of blades, said rotor being provided at a front portion of said nacelle, and being rotatable by a wind force when said nacelle is at an upwind position; machinery within said nacelle capable of being driven by said rotor; a main shaft for driving said machinery, said main shaft being connected to said rotor; a rotation driving mechanism between said support and said nacelle for rotating said nacelle, said rotation driving mechanism including a yaw motor for performing yaw control of said nacelle; a yaw brake for braking the rotation of said nacelle; and a controller for controlling rotation of said nacelle by said yaw motor to a downwind position to thereby maintain said rotor in a stand-by condition when a detected wind speed of wind acting on said blades is higher than a predetermined cutout wind speed and said main shaft is disconnected from said machinery, the downwind position being between 90�� and 270�� from the upwind position, said controller being operable to stop yaw control by said yaw motor and release said yaw brake after said nacelle is shifted to the downwind position by said yaw motor to thereby allow the nacelle to rotate freely according to a direction of the wind. 2. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, wherein said controller is operable to generate a control signal for controlling rotation of said nacelle to the downwind position, said control signal being a combination of: a first signal indicating that the detected speed of the wind acting on said blades is higher than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which said main shaft is to be disconnected from said machinery to thereby shift said wind turbine to an idle operation state; and a second signal indicating that said main shaft is disconnected from said machinery and said wind turbine is in the idle operation state upon receiving said first signal. 3. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, wherein the detected wind speed is a first detected speed of the wind acting on said blades, and wherein said controller is operable to generate a control signal for controlling rotation of said nacelle to the downwind position, said control signal being a combination of: a first signal indicating that the first detected speed of the wind acting on said blades is higher than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which said main shaft is to be disconnected from said machinery to thereby shift said wind turbine to an idle operation state; a second signal indicating that said main shaft is disconnected from said machinery and said wind turbine is in the idle operation state upon receiving said first signal; and a third signal indicating that a second detected speed of the wind is higher than the cutout wind speed. 4. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, wherein the detected wind speed is a first detected speed of the wind acting on said blades, wherein said nacelle, said rotor and said blades are interconnected to form a wind turbine main assembly, and wherein said controller is operable to generate a control signal for controlling rotation of said nacelle to the downwind position, said control signal being a combination of: a first signal indicating that the first detected speed of the wind acting on said blades is higher than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which said main shaft is to be disconnected from said machinery to thereby shift said wind turbine to an idle operation state; a second signal indicating that said main shaft is disconnected from said machinery and said wind turbine is in the idle operation state upon receiving said first signal; and a third signal indicating that a second detected speed of the wind is higher than a predetermined maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed at which said nacelle is to be rotated to the downwind position, the maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed being the speed at which the force of the wind on said wind turbine main assembly is lower than a critical force permissible based on the strength of said wind turbine main assembly. 5. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 4, wherein said controller is operable to generate a resumption signal for controlling rotation of said nacelle from the downwind position to the upwind position, said resumption signal being a combination of: a fourth signal indicating that a detected speed of the wind acting on said blades is higher than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which said main shaft is to be disconnected from said machinery to thereby shift said wind turbine to an idle operation state; and a fifth signal indicating that the detected speed of the wind is lower than the predetermined maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed at which said nacelle is to be rotated to the downwind position, the maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed being the speed at which the force of the wind on said wind turbine main assembly is lower than a critical force permissible based on the strength of said wind turbine main assembly. 6. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, wherein said nacelle, said rotor and said blades are interconnected to form a wind turbine main assembly, and wherein said controller is operable to generate a resumption signal for controlling rotation of said nacelle from the downwind position to the upwind position, said resumption signal being a combination of: a first signal indicating that a detected speed of the wind acting on said blades is higher than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which said main shaft is to be disconnected from said machinery to thereby shift said wind turbine to an idle operation state; and a second signal indicating that the detected speed of the wind is lower than a predetermined maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed at which said nacelle is to be rotated to the downwind position, the maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed being the speed at which the force of the wind on said wind turbine main assembly is lower than a critical force permissible based on the strength of said wind turbine main assembly. 7. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, further comprising: a wind speed detector for detecting the speed of the wind acting on said blades; and a rotation speed detector for detecting the rotation speed of said main shaft; wherein said controller is operable to: compare the wind speed detected by said wind speed detector with the predetermined cutout wind speed; and determine if said wind turbine is in an idle operation state based on a main shaft rotation speed signal received from said rotation speed detector when the detected wind speed is higher than the cutout wind speed. 8. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, wherein said rotation driving mechanism includes a rotation driving body having a brake, said brake being operable to dampen a force for rotating said nacelle from the upwind position to the downwind position. 9. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 1, wherein said rotation driving mechanism includes: a yaw motor brake for braking rotation of said yaw motor, wherein said controller is operable to stop the yaw control and to apply said yaw motor brake when said nacelle is in the downwind position and said yaw brake has been released to allow the nacelle to rotate freely according to a direction of the wind. 10. A method of operating an upwind type wind turbine including a support structured and arranged to stand erect on the ground or on a ship, a nacelle supported by the support so as to be rotatable in a plane perpendicular to an axis of the support when the support is standing erect, a rotor having a plurality of blades, the rotor being provided at a front portion of the nacelle and being rotatable by a wind force when the nacelle is at an upwind position, machinery within the nacelle capable of being driven by the rotor, a main shaft for driving the machinery, the main shaft being connected to the rotor, a rotation driving mechanism between the support and the nacelle for rotating the nacelle, the rotation driving mechanism including a yaw motor for performing yaw control of the nacelle, and a yaw brake for braking the rotation of the nacelle, the method comprising: rotating the nacelle to a downwind position by the yaw motor to thereby maintain the rotor in a stand-by condition by the controller controlling operation of the yaw motor when a detected wind speed of wind acting on the blades is higher than a predetermined cutout wind speed and the main shaft is disconnected from the machinery, wherein the downwind position is between 90�� and 270�� from the upwind position; and releasing the yaw brake from braking the rotation of the nacelle and stopping yaw control by the yaw motor after said rotating of the nacelle to a downwind position by the yaw motor to thereby allow the nacelle to rotate freely according to a direction of the wind. 11. The method of claim 10, further comprising: shifting the wind turbine to an idle operation state when the detected speed of the wind acting on the blades is greater than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which the wind turbine is to be shifted to the idle operation state, wherein said shifting the wind turbine to the idle operation state is performed before said rotating the nacelle to a downwind position. 12. The method of claim 11, further comprising: detecting the idle operation state of the wind turbine by a main shaft rotation speed signal being received by the controller, wherein said detecting the idle operation state is performed before said rotating the nacelle to a downwind position. 13. The method of claim 10, wherein the detected wind speed is a first detected speed of the wind, and wherein before said rotating the nacelle to the downwind position, the method further comprises: shifting the wind turbine to an idle operation state when the first detected speed of the wind acting on the blades is greater than the predetermined cutout wind speed at which the wind turbine is to be shifted to the idle operation state; detecting the idle operation state of the wind turbine by a main shaft rotation speed signal being received by the controller; and detecting a maximum instantaneous wind speed after said detecting the idle operation state of the wind turbine. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the nacelle, the rotor and the blades are interconnected to form a wind turbine main assembly, and wherein the detected maximum instantaneous wind speed is higher than a maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed, the maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed being the speed at which the force of the wind on the wind turbine main assembly is lower than a critical force permissible based on the strength of the wind turbine main assembly. 15. The method of claim 10, wherein the nacelle, the rotor and the blades are interconnected to form a wind turbine main assembly, and wherein after said rotating the nacelle to the downwind position, the method further comprises: detecting a maximum instantaneous wind speed when the wind turbine is in the stand-by condition; and rotating the nacelle from the downwind position to the upwind position when the detected maximum instantaneous wind speed is less than or equal to a maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed, the maximum allowable instantaneous wind speed being the speed at which the force of the wind on the wind turbine main assembly is lower than a critical force permissible based on the strength of the wind turbine main assembly. 16. The method of claim 10, further comprising: damping a force for rotating the nacelle by a brake during said rotating the nacelle to the downwind position. 17. The method of claim 10, further comprising: actuating a yaw motor brake to brake the rotation of the yaw motor when the nacelle is in the downwind position and the yaw brake is released. 18. An upwind type wind turbine comprising: a support structured and arranged to stand erect on the ground or on a ship; a nacelle supported by said support so as to be rotatable in a plane perpendicular to an axis of said support when said support is standing erect; a rotor having a plurality of blades, said rotor being provided at a front portion of said nacelle, and being rotatable by a wind force when said nacelle is at an upwind position; machinery within said nacelle capable of being driven by said rotor, said machinery including an electric generator; a main shaft for driving said machinery, said main shaft being connected to said rotor; a rotation driving mechanism between said support and said nacelle for rotating said nacelle, said rotation driving mechanism including a yaw motor for performing yaw control of said nacelle; a yaw brake for braking the rotation of said nacelle; a power outage detector for detecting a power outage of said electric generator; and a controller for controlling rotation of said nacelle by said yaw motor to a downwind position to thereby maintain said rotor in a stand-by condition, the downwind position being between 90�� and 270�� from the upwind position, said controller being operable to actuate a battery to power the rotation of said nacelle from the upwind position to the downwind position when a power outage is detected by said power outage detector, said controller being operable to stop yaw control by said yaw motor and release said yaw brake after said nacelle is shifted to the downwind position by said yaw motor to thereby allow the nacelle to rotate freely according to a direction of the wind. 19. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 18, wherein said rotation driving mechanism includes: a yaw motor brake for braking rotation of said yaw motor, wherein said controller is operable to release said yaw brake and to apply said yaw motor brake to restrict the rotation speed of said nacelle from the upwind position to the downwind position when a power outage is detected by said power outage detector. 20. The upwind type wind turbine of claim 18, wherein said controller is operable to release said yaw brake slowly at a low speed and to control rotation of said nacelle from the upwind position to the downwind position when a power outage is detected by said power outage detector. 21. A method of operating an upwind type wind turbine including a support structured and arranged to stand erect on the ground or on a ship, a nacelle supported by the support so as to be rotatable in a plane perpendicular to an axis of the support when the support is standing erect, a rotor having a plurality of blades, the rotor being provided at a front portion of the nacelle and being rotatable by a wind force when the nacelle is at an upwind position, machinery within the nacelle capable of being driven by the rotor, the machinery including an electric generator, a main shaft for driving the machinery, the main shaft being connected to the rotor, a rotation driving mechanism between the support and the nacelle for rotating the nacelle, the rotation driving mechanism including a yaw motor for performing yaw control of the nacelle, and a yaw brake for braking the rotation of the nacelle, the method comprising: rotating the nacelle to a downwind position by the yaw motor to thereby maintain the rotor in a stand-by condition by the controller controlling operation of the yaw motor when a power outage in the electric generator is detected, wherein the downwind position is between 90�� and 270�� from the upwind position; and releasing the yaw brake from braking the rotation of the nacelle and stopping yaw control by the yaw motor after said rotating of the nacelle to a downwind position by the yaw motor to thereby allow the nacelle to rotate freely according to a direction of the wind. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein said rotating of the nacelle to a downwind position is powered by a battery when the power outage in the electric generator is detected, wherein the method further comprises: actuating a yaw motor brake to brake the rotation of the yaw motor when the nacelle is in the downwind position and the yaw brake is released, the yaw motor brake being powered by the battery.

이 특허에 인용된 특허 (37)

이 특허를 인용한 특허 피인용횟수: 41

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Up-wind type windmill and operating method therefor

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Up-wind type windmill and operating method therefor

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