Wind turbine yawing system, wind turbine and yawing process
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F03D-007/02
F03D-007/00
출원번호
US-0070066
(2005-03-02)
등록번호
US-7458776
(2008-12-02)
우선권정보
EP-04380046(2004-03-04)
발명자
/ 주소
LLorente Gonzalez,Jose Ignacio
Gonzalez Posada Martinez,Miguel Angel
출원인 / 주소
LLorente Gonzalez,Jose Ignacio
Gonzalez Posada Martinez,Miguel Angel
대리인 / 주소
Sanchelima &
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
9인용 특허 :
2
초록▼
A yawing system for a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a tower fixed to the ground and a frame (1) housing an electric power generator, the tower and the frame (1) being joined by the yawing system which allows the orientation of the frame (1) with respect to the tower according to the dire
A yawing system for a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a tower fixed to the ground and a frame (1) housing an electric power generator, the tower and the frame (1) being joined by the yawing system which allows the orientation of the frame (1) with respect to the tower according to the direction of the wind. The yawing system comprises: a gear ring (2) fixed to the tower, the gear ring having a sliding track (3) on which the frame (1) rests and slides in its yawing movement, at least one geared motor fixed to the frame (1), meshed with the gear ring (2) through a gear wheel, at least one active braking module (5), and at least one passive braking module (6). The invention further comprises a sliding track (3) and a friction track on the gear ring, this friction track (10) being different from the sliding track (3), and the active braking modules (5) and passive braking modules (6) comprising a friction plate (11) acting on the friction track (10) of the ring. The frame (1) rests on the gear ring (2) by means of horizontal plates (8) and radial plates (9) made of a sliding material, and are kept in their position by separating parts (7). Furthermore, the gear ring (2) is divided into gear-toothed circular segments to favor its repair. Other aspects are a wind turbine with the previous yawing system and a yawing process of a turbine by means of the previous yawing system.
대표청구항▼
The invention claimed is: 1. A yawing system for a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a tower (29) fixed to the ground and a frame (1) housing an electric power generator, the tower (29) and the frame (1) being joined by the yawing system to allow the orientation of the frame (1) with respec
The invention claimed is: 1. A yawing system for a wind turbine, the wind turbine comprising a tower (29) fixed to the ground and a frame (1) housing an electric power generator, the tower (29) and the frame (1) being joined by the yawing system to allow the orientation of the frame (1) with respect to the tower (29) according to the direction of the wind, the yawing system comprising: a gear ring (2) configured to be fixed to said tower (29), the gear ring having a sliding track (3) on which the frame (1) rests and slides in its yawing movement, and the gear ring having a gear-toothed surface configured for interacting with a gear wheel of a geared motor joined to the frame, so that said geared motor can make the frame rotate with respect to the gear ring (2); at least one active braking module (5) with at least one braking element (12) shiftable between a first position and a second position, according to braking instructions, such that the active braking module exerts a first braking force when the braking element is in the first position, and a second braking force when the braking element is in the second position, the second braking force being greater than the first braking force; and at least one passive braking module (6), characterised in that the gear ring (2) comprises a core (25) in which the sliding track (3) and a friction track (10) are defined, this friction track (10) being different from the sliding track (3), and in that each one of the passive braking modules (6) comprises at least one friction plate (11) exerting constant pressure on the friction track (10) of the ring, and in that each one of the active braking modules (5) comprises at least one friction plate (11) associated to the shiftable braking element (12) in order to exert pressure on said friction track (10) according to the braking instructions. 2. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in tat the active braking modules (5) and the passive braking modules (6) comprise a body (15) of equal dimensions and equal fixing means (14) for fixing them to the frame, such that in the yawing system, a module of one type can be replaced by a module of another type. 3. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the active braking modules (5) and the passive braking modules (6) comprise fixing means (14) for fixing them to the frame (1) arranged such that one braking module (5, 6) can be disassembled and assembled without needing to disassemble the frame or any other braking module. 4. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the system comprises yawing control means according to the need to move the nacelle or to keep it in its position, which means can provide instructions to the active braking modules to shift them from the first position to the second position and vice versa, and which can also provide instructions to the motor. 5. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of sliding plates (8,9) of low friction material located between the frame (1) and the sliding track of the gear ring such that the forces in an axial direction and in a radial direction between the frame (1) and the gear ring (2) are transmitted through said sliding plates. 6. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the sliding plates comprise a plurality of horizontal sliding plates (8) which, when joined, form a horizontal circular ring, such that they transmit the axial forces between the frame (1) and the sliding track (3), and in that they comprise a plurality of radial sliding plates (9) which, when joined, form a cylindrical surface with an axis parallel to the turning axis of the frame, such that they transmit the radial forces between the frame (1) and the sliding track (3). 7. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of separating parts (7) solidly connected to the frame (1) arranged such that they drag the sliding plates, forcing them to move with the frame (1), but keeping them in place on the sliding track (3). 8. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that each separating part (7) comprises a horizontal separating element (22) and a vertical separating element (23), and in that each separating part is fixed to the frame such that the horizontal separating element (22) is located on the surface of the sliding track of the gear ring, separating two horizontal sliding plates (8), and such that the vertical separating element (23) separates two radial sliding plates (9), such that the separating parts drag the horizontal sliding parts (8) and the vertical sliding parts (9) at the same time. 9. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the separating parts (7) comprise a grease case in the horizontal separating element (22), and a scraping element (24) which is located on the surface of the friction track (10) of the gear ring when the separating part (7) is fixed to the frame (1). 10. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the gear ring (2) comprises a core (25) of the ring and a plurality of equal gear-toothed circular segments (26) which can be separated from the core (25), and fixing means (27, 28) for fixing these gear-toothed circular segments with the core (25) of the ring such that when all the gear-toothed circular segments (26) are assembled, they form a gear ring solidly connected to the core (25) of the ring on which the gear wheel of the geared motor can mesh, and the gear-toothed circular segments (26) and fixing means (27, 28) being arranged such that a single gear-toothed segment (26) can be replaced without needing to disassemble the entire ring or disassemble any other gear-toothed element. 11. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the active braking modules (5) comprise a body (15) with at least one cylinder and one shiftable piston (12) inside it, with operating means for operating the piston according to braking instructions, such that when the braking module (5) is in a first position, the piston (12) pushes the friction plate (11) of the module against the friction track (10) of the gear ring with a first force, and when the module is in the second position, the piston (12) pushes the friction plate (11) with a second force, the second, force being greater than the first force. 12. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the passive braking modules (6) comprise a body (15) with at least spring means (16) inside it which push the friction plate (11) of the module (6) against the friction track (10) of the gear ring, and in that the spring element (16) has adjustment means (18) for adjusting the pressure with which they push the friction plate, and in that these adjustment means (18) can be adjusted without needing to disassemble the module. 13. A yawing system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises four active braking modules (5) and four passive braking modules (6). 14. A wind turbine, comprising a tower, a frame (1) assembled on the tower such that it can rotate with respect to the tower by means of a yawing system, and an electric power generator fixed on the frame and provided with a rotor arranged so as to be moved by the wind, characterized in that the yawing system is a yawing system according to claim 1. 15. A yawing process for operating a wind turbine comprising: a gear ring (2) configured to be fixed to said tower (29), the gear ring having a slide track (3) on which the frame yawing movement, and the gear ring having a gear-toothed surface configured for interacting with a gear wheel of a geared motor joined to the frame, so that said geared motor can make the frame rotate with respect to the gear ring (2); at least one active braking module (5) with at least one braking element (12) shiftable between a first position and a second position, according to braking instructions, such that the active braking module exerts a first braking force when the braking element is in the first position, and a second braking force when the braking element is in the second position, the second braking force being greater than the first braking force; and at least one passive braking module (6), characterised in that the gear ring (2) comprises, a core (25) in which tile sliding track (3) and a friction track (10) are defined, this friction track (10) being different from the sliding track (3), and in that each one of the passive braking modules (6) comprises at least one friction plate (11) exerting constant pressure on the friction track (10) of the ring, and in that each one of the active braking modules (5) comprises at least one friction plate (11) associated to the shiftable braking element (12) in order to exert pressure on said friction track (10) according to the braking instructions said yawing process comprising the following steps: A) providing instructions to the active braking modules (5) of a yawing system so that they move to the first position; B) activating the geared motors to make the frame (1) rotate on the ring (2) in said yawing system until reaching the desired orientation position according to the wind characteristics; C) providing instructions to the active braking modules (5) so that they move to the second position.
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