Converging diverging nozzle for earth-boring drill bits, method of substantially bifurcating a drilling fluid flowing therethrough, and drill bits so equipped
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
E21B-010/60
E21B-010/00
출원번호
US-0336415
(2006-01-19)
등록번호
US-7481284
(2009-01-27)
발명자
/ 주소
Wells,Michael R.
Beuershausen,Chad J.
출원인 / 주소
Baker Hughes Incorporated
대리인 / 주소
TraskBritt
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
6인용 특허 :
19
초록▼
A nozzle for use on a rotary drill bit for forming a subterranean borehole includes a body and at least one passageway extending through the body from an inlet to an exit aperture. The passageway has a converging region and a diverging region. At least a portion of the diverging region of the fluid
A nozzle for use on a rotary drill bit for forming a subterranean borehole includes a body and at least one passageway extending through the body from an inlet to an exit aperture. The passageway has a converging region and a diverging region. At least a portion of the diverging region of the fluid passageway is substantially bifurcated. A rotary drill bit for forming a borehole in a subterranean formation includes at least one such nozzle installed within a body of the bit and configured for communicating drilling fluid to a face of the body. A method of communicating fluid to a face of a drill bit includes introducing fluid into a passageway, causing the fluid to flow through a converging region, causing the drilling fluid to flow through a diverging region, and substantially bifurcating the drilling fluid at least within a portion of the diverging region.
대표청구항▼
The invention claimed is: 1. A nozzle for use on a rotary drill bit for forming a subterranean borehole, the nozzle comprising: a nozzle body configured to be secured within a drill bit; and at least one fluid passageway extending through the nozzle body from an inlet to an exit aperture, the at le
The invention claimed is: 1. A nozzle for use on a rotary drill bit for forming a subterranean borehole, the nozzle comprising: a nozzle body configured to be secured within a drill bit; and at least one fluid passageway extending through the nozzle body from an inlet to an exit aperture, the at least one fluid passageway comprising: a converging region extending from a converging region entrance to a throat, the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway being a minimum at the throat; and a diverging region extending from the throat to an exit aperture, the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway increasing at least substantially continuously from the throat to the exit aperture, at least a portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway being at least substantially bifurcated, wherein a cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway at the throat is between about fifty percent (50%) and about (80%) of a cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway at the inlet. 2. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the nozzle body comprises a ceramic or a cermet material. 3. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the nozzle body comprises a tungsten carbide material. 4. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the nozzle body comprises steel, at least a portion of surfaces of the nozzle body being lined with at least one of a tungsten carbide material, a diamond material, a ceramic material, a hardfacing material, or a polyurethane material. 5. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein a distance between the converging region entrance and the throat is between about ten percent (10%) and about fifty percent (50%) of a distance between the converging region entrance and the exit aperture. 6. The nozzle of claim 5, wherein a distance between the converging region entrance and the throat is about twenty percent (20%) of a distance between the converging region entrance and the exit aperture. 7. The nozzle of claim 5, wherein the throat is at least substantially centered between the converging region entrance and the exit aperture. 8. The nozzle of claim 1, further comprising an inlet region extending between the inlet and the converging region entrance, a portion of the at least one fluid passageway extending through the inlet region between the inlet and the converging region entrance. 9. The nozzle of claim 8, wherein the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway is at least substantially constant through the inlet region. 10. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein at least a portion of the converging region is at least substantially bifurcated. 11. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway at the throat has an oblong shape. 12. The nozzle of claim 11, wherein the oblong shape can be derived from two partially overlapping circles. 13. The nozzle of claim 12, wherein each of the two partially overlapping circles has a diameter between about one-fourth (¼) of an inch to about one-half (½) of an inch. 14. The nozzle of claim 1, wherein the at least substantially bifurcated portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway comprises: a first enlarged conduit; and a second enlarged conduit. 15. The nozzle of claim 14, wherein each of the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit has a cross-sectional area having a shape that is at least substantially circular or at least substantially oval. 16. The nozzle of claim 14, wherein the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit are at least substantially asymmetric through at least a portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway. 17. The nozzle of claim 14, wherein the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit each have a diameter that varies between the throat and the exit aperture, the diameter of the second enlarged conduit being equal to the diameter of the first enlarged conduit at all points between the throat and the exit aperture. 18. The nozzle of claim 14, wherein the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit each have a diameter that varies between the throat and the exit aperture, the diameter of the second enlarged conduit differing from the diameter of the first enlarged conduit through at least a portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway. 19. The nozzle of claim 14, further comprising a narrow conduit providing fluid communication between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 20. The nozzle of claim 19, wherein the narrow conduit is at least partially defined by at least one flow separation feature integrally formed with the nozzle body and positioned between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 21. The nozzle of claim 20, wherein the at least one flow separation feature comprises two flow separation features integrally formed with the nozzle body and positioned between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 22. The nozzle of claim 21, wherein each of the two flow separation features comprises a smooth radius or fillet extending between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 23. The nozzle of claim 21, wherein the two flow separation features are separated from one another by an average distance of less than about one-half (½) of an inch. 24. The nozzle of claim 14, wherein the first enlarged conduit is configured to direct a fluid flowing therethrough out from the exit aperture in a first general direction, and wherein the second enlarged conduit is configured to direct a fluid flowing therethrough out from the exit aperture in a second general direction that is oriented at an angle relative to the first general direction. 25. A rotary drill bit for forming a borehole in a subterranean formation, comprising: a bit body having a face; at least one cutting element mounted on the face of the bit body; and at least one nozzle installed within the bit body and configured for communicating drilling fluid from an interior thereof to the face of the bit body, the at least one nozzle comprising: a nozzle body; and at least one fluid passageway extending through the nozzle body from an inlet to an exit aperture, the at least one fluid passageway comprising: a converging region extending from a converging region entrance to a throat, the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway being a minimum at the throat; and a diverging region extending from the throat to an exit aperture, the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway increasing at least substantially continuously from the throat to the exit aperture, at least a portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway being at least substantially bifurcated; wherein a cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway at the throat is between about fifty percent (50%) and about (80%) of a cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway at the inlet. 26. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the nozzle body comprises a ceramic or a cermet material. 27. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the nozzle body comprises a tungsten carbide material. 28. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the nozzle body comprises steel, at least a portion of the surfaces of the nozzle body being lined with at least one of a tungsten carbide material, a diamond material, a ceramic material, a hardfacing material, or a polyurethane material. 29. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein a distance between the converging region entrance and the throat is between about ten percent (10%) and about fifty percent (50%) of a distance between the converging region entrance and the exit aperture. 30. The rotary drill bit of claim 29, wherein a distance between the converging region entrance and the throat is about twenty percent (20%) of a distance between the converging region entrance and the exit aperture. 31. The rotary drill bit of claim 29, wherein the throat is at least substantially centered between the converging region entrance and the exit aperture. 32. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, further comprising an inlet region extending between the inlet and the converging region entrance, a portion of the at least one fluid passageway extending through the inlet region between the inlet and the converging region entrance. 33. The rotary drill bit of claim 32, wherein the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway is at least substantially constant through the inlet region. 34. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein at least a portion of the converging region is at least substantially bifurcated. 35. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the cross-sectional area of the at least one fluid passageway at the throat has an oblong shape. 36. The rotary drill bit of claim 35, wherein the oblong shape can be derived from two partially overlapping circles. 37. The rotary drill bit of claim 36, wherein each of the two partially overlapping circles has a diameter between about one-fourth (¼) of an inch to about one-half (½) of an inch. 38. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the at least substantially bifurcated portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway comprises: a first enlarged conduit; and a second enlarged conduit. 39. The rotary drill bit of claim 38, wherein each of the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit has a cross-sectional area having a shape that is at least substantially circular or at least substantially oval. 40. The rotary drill bit of claim 38, wherein the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit are at least substantially asymmetric through at least a portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway. 41. The rotary drill bit of claim 38, wherein the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit each have a diameter that varies between the throat and the exit aperture, the diameter of the second enlarged conduit being equal to the diameter of the first enlarged conduit at all points between the throat and the exit aperture. 42. The rotary drill bit of claim 38, wherein the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit each have a diameter that varies between the throat and the exit aperture, the diameter of the second enlarged conduit differing from the diameter of the first enlarged conduit through at least a portion of the diverging region of the at least one fluid passageway. 43. The rotary drill bit of claim 38, further comprising a narrow conduit providing fluid communication between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 44. The rotary drill bit of claim 43, wherein the narrow conduit is at least partially defined by at least one flow separation feature integrally formed with the nozzle body and positioned between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 45. The rotary drill bit of claim 44, wherein the at least one flow separation feature comprises two flow separation features integrally formed with the nozzle body and positioned between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 46. The rotary drill bit of claim 45, wherein each of the two flow separation features comprises a smooth radius or fillet extending between the first enlarged conduit and the second enlarged conduit. 47. The rotary drill bit of claim 45, wherein the two flow separation features are separated from one another by an average distance of less than about one-half (½) of an inch. 48. The rotary drill bit of claim 38, wherein the first enlarged conduit is configured to direct a fluid flowing therethrough out from the exit aperture in a first general direction, and wherein the second enlarged conduit is configured to direct a fluid flowing therethrough out from the exit aperture in a second general direction that is oriented at an angle relative to the first general direction. 49. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the bit body comprises a plurality of longitudinally extending blades defining junk slots therebetween, and wherein the at least one cutting element mounted on the face of the bit body comprises a plurality of cutting elements, each longitudinally extending blade having a plurality of cutting elements thereon. 50. The rotary drill bit of claim 49, wherein the at least one nozzle is configured to direct a first stream of fluid in a first general direction towards a first junk slot and to direct a second stream of fluid in a second general direction towards a second junk slot. 51. The rotary drill bit of claim 49, wherein the at least one nozzle is configured to direct a stream of fluid out from the exit aperture in a spread angle, the spread angle encompassing a plurality of cutting elements on a longitudinally extending blade. 52. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, further comprising an orientation feature on at least one of the bit body and the at least one nozzle, the orientation feature configured to indicate an orientation of the nozzle with respect to the bit body. 53. The rotary drill bit of claim 52, wherein the orientation feature comprises a mark on the at least one nozzle. 54. The rotary drill bit of claim 25, wherein the bit body includes at least one nozzle recess, the at least one nozzle being at least partially disposed within the nole recess. 55. The rotary drill bit of claim 54, wherein the at least one nozzle includes a threaded surface engaged with a complementary threaded surface formed on the bit body within the at least one nozzle recess. 56. The rotary drill bit of claim 54, further comprising a retaining ring attached to the bit body and configured to secure the at least one nozzle to the bit body.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (19)
Morris Wilford V. (Houston TX), Adjustable nozzle.
Wagner Wayne M. (Apple Valley MN) Bethke Timothy A. (Apple Valley MN) Schmeichel Steven D. (Inver Grove Heights MN), Muffler apparatus and method for making same.
Dove Norval R. (1123 Bomar Houston TX 77006) Smith Stephen K. (101 Oakmont Cir. Harker Heights TX 76541) Lott W. Gerald (1857 Post Oak Park Dr. Houston TX 77027), Vortex drill bit.
Rickabaugh, David L.; Pessier, Rudolf Carl; Anderson, Mark E.; Moss, William A.; Smith, Redd H., Earth-boring tools and components thereof including blockage-resistant internal fluid passageways, and methods of forming such tools and components.
Luce, David Keith; Wirth, Sean W.; Massey, Alan J.; Parrot, Crystal A., Methods for manipulating cutting elements for earth-boring drill bits and tools.
Luce, David Keith; Wirth, Sean W.; Massey, Alan J.; Parrott, Crystal A., Methods, systems, and devices for manipulating cutting elements for earth-boring drill bits and tools.
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