IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0859396
(2004-06-02)
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등록번호 |
US-7497881
(2009-03-03)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Burch,Steven D.
- Beutel,Matthew J.
- Stukey,Kevin
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출원인 / 주소 |
- General Motors Corporation
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
1 인용 특허 :
7 |
초록
▼
A heat exchanger design is provided for optimal transfer of thermal energy between a primary reactor-out reformate and a primary reactor-in steam and air. In particular, one embodiment of the present invention comprises a prime-surface true counter axial flow heat exchanger positioned around the pri
A heat exchanger design is provided for optimal transfer of thermal energy between a primary reactor-out reformate and a primary reactor-in steam and air. In particular, one embodiment of the present invention comprises a prime-surface true counter axial flow heat exchanger positioned around the primary reactor.
대표청구항
▼
We claim: 1. Apparatus for synthesizing hydrogen gas from a fuel stream and an air and steam stream, said apparatus comprising: a combined air and steam stream supply; a fuel stream supply; a mixing chamber having a centrally located first inlet connected to the fuel stream supply, a second inlet l
We claim: 1. Apparatus for synthesizing hydrogen gas from a fuel stream and an air and steam stream, said apparatus comprising: a combined air and steam stream supply; a fuel stream supply; a mixing chamber having a centrally located first inlet connected to the fuel stream supply, a second inlet located around the centrally located first inlet and connected to the combined air and steam stream supply, and an internal space connected to the first and second inlets and configured to mix together the fuel stream with the combined air and steam stream; a primary reactor having a catalyst situated between and connected to the internal space of the mixing chamber and an outlet adapted to provide product gases, one of said gases being hydrogen, said outlet is arranged such that the fuel stream supply is not preheated in the apparatus by the product gases before entering into the mixing chamber; and a heat exchanger annularly disposed around said primary reactor, said heat exchanger having a plurality of inlet conduits and a plurality of outlet conduits, said inlet conduits being in fluid communication directly with said second inlet of said mixing chamber to provide the combined air and steam stream supply to the mixing chamber, and said outlet conduits being in fluid communication with said outlet of said primary reactor, wherein said inlet conduits and said outlet conduits are arranged to provide a counter parallel flow transfer of heat energy between only the combined air and steam stream supply and the product gases in an axial direction running a full longitudinal length of the primary reactor. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said outlet of primary reactor is an annular space defined by an insulation liner provided between said heat exchanger and said primary reactor, said insulating liner minimizes heat transfer from hot synthesizing hydrogen gas exiting said primary reactor to cooled synthesizing hydrogen gas exiting said heat exchanger. 3. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said primary reactor further comprises a honeycomb ceramic, metallic monolith or porous foam carrier, inorganic refractory oxide particles, and combinations thereof to add support to said catalyst. 4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said catalyst comprises nickel, cobalt, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, magnesia, magnesium aluminate, alumina, silica, zirconia, potassium, or combinations thereof. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said inlet and outlet conduits are formed between an inner shell and an outer shell of said heat exchanger, wherein said primary reactor is situated within an interior diameter of said inner shell. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said inlet and outlet conduits are formed by a prime surface provided between an outer shell and inner shell of said heat exchanger, said primary reactor being enclosed within said inner shell. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said prime surface comprises a single corrugated sheet metal. 8. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said prime surface comprises at least one corrugated sheet metal. 9. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said prime surface has a first corrugation width for said outlet conduit and a second corrugation width for said inlet conduit. 10. The apparatus of claim 8, wherein said prime surface has a first corrugation width for said outlet conduit and a second corrugation width for said inlet conduit, wherein a ratio of the first corrugation width to said second corrugation width is from about 1.3 to about 1.6. 11. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein said first corrugation width is larger than said second corrugation width. 12. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein said prime surface comprises a straight flow pattern, a ruffled pattern, fin surfaces, and combinations thereof. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said inlet conduits or said outlet conduits are a group of tubes situated between an inner shell and outer shell of said heat exchanger, said tubes extend in the axial direction. 14. Apparatus for synthesizing hydrogen gas from a fuel stream and an air and steam stream, said apparatus comprising: combined air and steam stream supply; a fuel stream supply; a cone shaped mixing chamber having a centrally located first inlet connected to the fuel stream supply, a second inlet connected to the combined air and steam stream supply and annularly disposed around the first inlet, and an internal space connected to said first and second inlets and configured to mix together the fuel stream with the combined air and steam stream; a primary reactor having a catalyst situated between and connected to the internal space of the mixing chamber and an outlet adapted to provide product gases, one of said eases being hydrogen, said outlet is arranged such that the fuel stream supply is not preheated in the apparatus by the product gases before entering into the mixing chamber; and a heat exchanger annularly disposed around said primary reactor, said heat exchanger having an inner shell and an outer shell, and having a plurality of inlet conduits and a plurality of outlet conduits situated between said inner and outer shells, said inlet conduits being in fluid communication with said second inlet of said mixing chamber, and said outlet conduits being in fluid communication with said outlet of said primary reactor, wherein said inlet conduits and said outlet conduits are arranged to provide a counter parallel flow transfer of heat energy between only the combined air and steam stream supply and the product gases in an axial direction running a full longitudinal length of the primary reactor. 15. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein said heat exchanger comprises a liner situated around an interior of said inner shell, said liner minimizes heat transfer from hot synthesizing hydrogen gas exiting said primary reactor to cooled synthesizing hydrogen gas exiting said heat exchanger. 16. The apparatus as claimed in claim 14, wherein the second inlet includes a porous structure in fluid connection with said inlet conduits for flowing said oxygen-containing steam annularly into said mixing chamber. 17. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said inlet and outlet conduits are formed by a prime surface provided between said outer shell and said inner shell of said heat exchanger. 18. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said prime surface comprises a single corrugated sheet metal. 19. The apparatus of claim 17, wherein said prime surface comprises at least one corrugated sheet metal. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein said prime surface has a first corrugation width for said outlet conduit and a second corrugation width for said inlet conduit. 21. The apparatus of claim 20, wherein said prime surface has a first corrugation width for said outlet conduit and a second corrugation width for said inlet conduit, wherein a ratio of the first corrugation width to said second corrugation width is from about 1.3 to about 1.6. 22. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein said inlet conduits or said outlet conduits comprises a group of tubes situated between said inner shell and said outer shell of said heat exchanger, said tubes extend in the axial direction. 23. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said heat exchanger further comprises an annular duct having an inlet for receiving the air and steam stream, said annular duct in fluid communication with said plurality of inlet conduits. 24. The apparatus of claim 23 wherein said heater exchanger further comprises a central outlet in fluid communication with said plurality of said outlet conduit, said central outlet being partially surrounded by said annular duct. 25. The apparatus of claim 14 wherein said apparatus has a length L to diameter D ratio from about 0.5 to about 2.
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