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This invention relates generally to methods and apparatuses for the treatment of liquids and gases using ultraviolet light. In one embodiment, a substantially enclosed chamber coated with a reflective material containing an ultraviolet lamp and an ultraviolet transmissive tube running through the ch

This invention relates generally to methods and apparatuses for the treatment of liquids and gases using ultraviolet light. In one embodiment, a substantially enclosed chamber coated with a reflective material containing an ultraviolet lamp and an ultraviolet transmissive tube running through the chamber for the treatment of liquid passed therethrough is disclosed.

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What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus for the treatment of a liquid, comprising: a chamber, wherein the chamber is at least 80 percent enclosed; and an ultraviolet lamp contained within the chamber; and an ultraviolet transmissive tube running through the chamber for the passage of liquid therethroug

What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus for the treatment of a liquid, comprising: a chamber, wherein the chamber is at least 80 percent enclosed; and an ultraviolet lamp contained within the chamber; and an ultraviolet transmissive tube running through the chamber for the passage of liquid therethrough, wherein the liquid is substantially transmissive to ultraviolet light, and wherein substantially all light absorbing material contained within the chamber is contained within the ultraviolet transmissive tube; and a reflective material coating the chamber, wherein the material is at least 80 percent reflective. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the ultraviolet irradiance impinging on the liquid is in the range of about 0.01 W/cm2 and 20 W/cm2. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reflective material is a reflector. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the reflector is any of the group consisting of a diffuse reflector and a specular reflector. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the reflector extends to a distance beyond the active portion of the ultraviolet lamp. 6. The apparatus of claim 4, wherein the reflector is comprised of any of the group consisting of PTFE, ePTFE, coated aluminum, anodized aluminum, and polished aluminum. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reflective material is any of a mixture of a binder and a reflecting additive. 8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the reflecting additive is any of the group consisting of barium sulfate, magnesium fluoride, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, holmium oxide, calcium oxide, lanthanum oxide, germanium oxide, tellurium oxide, europium oxide, erbium oxide, neodymium oxide, samarium oxide, ytterbium oxide, and zirconium oxide. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising baffles. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising an input and output port wherein the ultraviolet transmissive tube enters and exits the chamber. 11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein said input port is configured in a serpentine path. 12. An apparatus for the treatment of a liquid, comprising: a chamber, wherein the chamber is at least 80 percent enclosed; and an ultraviolet lamp contained within the chamber; and an ultraviolet transmissive tube running through the chamber for the passage of liquid therethrough, wherein the liquid is substantially transmissive to ultraviolet light, and wherein substantially all light absorbing material contained within the chamber is contained within the ultraviolet transmissive tube; and a reflective material lining the inside of the chamber, wherein the material is at least 80 percent reflective. 13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the ultraviolet irradiance impinging on the liquid is in the range of about 0.01 W/cm2 and 20 W/cm2. 14. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the reflective material is a reflector. 15. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the reflector is any of the group consisting of a diffuse reflector and a specular reflector. 16. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the reflector extends to a distance beyond the active portion of the ultraviolet lamp. 17. The apparatus of claim 15, wherein the reflector is comprised of any of the group consisting of PTFE, ePTFE, coated aluminum, anodized aluminum, and polished aluminum. 18. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the reflective material is any of a mixture of a binder and a reflecting additive. 19. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein the reflecting additive is any of the group consisting of barium sulfate, magnesium fluoride, magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, holmium oxide, calcium oxide, lanthanum oxide, germanium oxide, tellurium oxide, europium oxide, erbium oxide, neodymium oxide, samarium oxide, ytterbium oxide, and zirconium oxide. 20. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising baffles. 21. The apparatus of claim 12, further comprising an input and output port wherein the ultraviolet transmissive tube enters and exits the chamber. 22. The apparatus of claim 21, wherein said input port is configured in a serpentine path.