초록 ▼

The present invention relates to a system for heat refinement by utilizing waste heat in a conduct (6) comprising a first cycle (2), an evaporator (4) In which the circulating working fluid is evaporated to gas, a compressor (8) that compress the gas, a condenser (10) that condenses the gas to a con

The present invention relates to a system for heat refinement by utilizing waste heat in a conduct (6) comprising a first cycle (2), an evaporator (4) In which the circulating working fluid is evaporated to gas, a compressor (8) that compress the gas, a condenser (10) that condenses the gas to a condensate and releases heat to a passing heat carrier in the condenser, and an expansion valve (14) that expands the condensate and bring back the working fluid to the evaporator (4). The system further comprises a second cycle (16; 16a-d) is attached to the first cycle (2), a turbine (18), which supplies gas from the evaporator (4), whereby an expansion occurs, whereafter condensate is brought back to the evaporator (4).

대표청구항 ▼

The invention claimed is: 1. A system for heat refinement through utilization of waste heat or other heat sources, or district cooling, for alternation between production of cold and/or heat refinement and/or mechanical energy and/or electrical production, which system comprises: a first cycle (2)

The invention claimed is: 1. A system for heat refinement through utilization of waste heat or other heat sources, or district cooling, for alternation between production of cold and/or heat refinement and/or mechanical energy and/or electrical production, which system comprises: a first cycle (2) for circulation of a working fluid, an evaporator (4) in which the circulating working fluid is evaporated to gas by taking up heat in the evaporator from passing waste heat or the district cooling that is transported in a conduit (6) which then is cooled (7), a compressor (8) that compress the gas, a condenser (10) that condenses the gas to a condensate and releases heat to a passing heat carrier in the condenser, and an expansion valve (14) that expands the condensate and bring back the working fluid to the evaporator (4); a second cycle (16; 16a-d), that is in connection with the first cycle (2), for circulation of the working fluid, which second cycle (16; 16a-d) is attached to the first cycle (2), an expansion apparatus, such as a turbine (18), attached to the second cycle (16; 16a-d) which turbine (18) supplies gas from the evaporator (4), whereby an expansion occurs, whereafter the working fluid is lead to evaporator (4), alternatively via a second condenser (22) connected to the second cycle (16) that condensates the gas from the turbine (18), whereafter condensate is brought back to the evaporator (4); and a fourth partial cycle (16d) of the second cycle (16) is connected, via a second switch valve (40), at electrical production where condenser (10) is utilized as an evaporator (10') and evaporator (4) is utilized as condenser (4'), further is a condensate pump (38) arranged in the fourth partial cycle (16d) between the condenser (4') and the second switch valve (40), to pump the condensate from the condenser (4') to the evaporator (10'). 2. The system according to claim 1, further comprising: a first control valve (24) connected to first cycle (2) and in connection with the first partial cycle (16a) of the second cycle (16), arranged to control the flow of evaporated gas in the first cycle and the second cycle, respectively, whereby simultaneous cold, heat and electrical production can occur, or alternatively only cold and heat or cold and electrical production can occur, by means of control of the desired flow to the cycles (2, 16a, 16) respectively, by the first control valve (24). 3. The system according to claim 2, wherein the first control valve (24) is arranged after the evaporator (4) and before the compressor (8). 4. The system according to claim 3, further comprising: a superheater (26) connected to the first partial cycle (16a), to which gas from the first cycle (2) is transmitted, which superheater (26) give off overheated gas to the subsequent turbine (18). 5. The system according to claim 4, wherein additional energy can be added to the working fluid in the superheater (26) by passage of waste heat or other heat source (28) in the superheater (26). 6. The system according to claim 1, wherein a produced mechanical work of the turbine (18) operates the compressor (8) via a switch (19). 7. The system according to claim 1, wherein a produced mechanical work of the turbine (18) preferably operates a generator (20) for production of electricity. 8. The system according to claim 1, wherein the waste heat has a large variation in temperature, suitably from 15 C. and above. 9. The system according to claim 1, for recovering compressor work and increased cold production, further comprsing: a heat exchanger (30) arranged between the condenser (10) and the expansion valve (14), connected to the first cycle (2), a condensate supply conduit of a third partial cycle (16c) is further connected from the evaporator to the heat exchanger (30), such that gas that is formed through evaporation of the working fluid in the heat exchanger (30) is transferred through the third partial cycle (16c) and further to the turbine (18), whereby simultaneous cold, heat and electrical production can occur, whereby a part of compressor work can be recovered. 10. The system according to claim 1 for production of mechanical work and/or electrical energy, wherein the system further comprises a third control valve (9), arranged to the first cycle (2) and in connection to a second partial cycle (16b) of the second cycle (16), which third control valve is arranged to the first cycle (2) in the direction of the flow after the compressor (8) and before the first condenser (10), where the second partial cycle (16b) is connected to third control valve (9), whereby the control valve (9) is arranged to control the flow of compressed gas in the first cycle (2) and the second partial cycle (16b), respectively, and where the flow of compressed gas from the third control valve (9) to the second partial cycle (16b) is brought further to turbine (18), such that simultaneous production of cold, heat and mechanical energy and/or electrical energy can be obtained, by means of the third control valve (9) that controls the desired flow to the cycles (2,16b, 16) respectively. 11. The system according to claim 1 for increased cold production, further comprising: a heat carrier of a low temperature in a conduit (21) connected to the second condenser (22) removes heat and thereby the gas is condensated to condensate in condenser (22) before further transfer to evaporator (4). 12. The system according to claim 2, further comprising: an evaporator(26') connected to the second cycle (16), the system comprises further a first switch valve (17), arranged to the second cycle (16) in the direction of the flow after condensate pump (23), arranged between the second condenser (22) and the evaporator (26'), which condensate pump (23) pumps the condensated medium back to the evaporator (26'), said first switch valve is arranged to sectionalise cycle (16) from first cycle (2) together with first control valve (24). 13. The system according to claim 12, wherein evaporation in the first cycle (2) and the second cycle (16), respectively, occurs at different temperatures, e. g. with a waste heat source of a temperature of about 50 C. for evaporation in the second cycle (16) and with district cooling, free cold and/or waste water with a relatively low temperature for evaporation in the first cycle (2) in order to meet the temperature requirements of the district cooling network of about 5-10 C. 14. The system according to claim 12, wherein evaporation in the first cycle (2) and the second cycle (16), respectively, occurs with different heat sources, such as e. g. with a waste heat source in the second cycle (16) and with district cooling, free cold and/or waste water in the first cycle (2). 15. The system according to claim 12, wherein the first cycle (2) and the second cycle (16), respectively, works independently of each other, through control of desired flows to the cycles (2,16) respectively, by means of the first switch valve (17), first control valve (24), and/or a third control valve (29). 16. The system according to claim 2, wherein a produced mechanical work of the turbine (18) operates the compressor (8) preferably via a switch (19). 17. The system according to claim 3, wherein a produced mechanical work of the turbine (18) operates the compressor (8) preferably via a switch (19). 18. The system according to claim 4, wherein a produced mechanical work of the turbine (18) operates the compressor (8) preferably via a switch (19). 19. The system according to claim 5, wherein a produced mechanical work of the turbine (18) operates the compressor (8) preferably via a switch (19).