A fuel composition comprises at least a tetramethylcyclohexane having a quaternary carbon atom in the cyclohexane ring and optionally, a fuel component. The tetramethylcyclohexane can be used as a fuel component or as a fuel additive in the fuel composition. The fuel composition may further compris
A fuel composition comprises at least a tetramethylcyclohexane having a quaternary carbon atom in the cyclohexane ring and optionally, a fuel component. The tetramethylcyclohexane can be used as a fuel component or as a fuel additive in the fuel composition. The fuel composition may further comprise a conventional fuel component selected from a diesel fuel, jet fuel, kerosene or gasoline. Methods of making and using the fuel composition are also disclosed.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A fuel composition comprising a petroleum-based fuel component, an aromatic compound and at least one tetramethylcyclohexane having a quaternary carbon atom in the cyclohexane ring, wherein the amount of the tetramethylcyclohexane is: or a combination thereof, and the arom
What is claimed is: 1. A fuel composition comprising a petroleum-based fuel component, an aromatic compound and at least one tetramethylcyclohexane having a quaternary carbon atom in the cyclohexane ring, wherein the amount of the tetramethylcyclohexane is: or a combination thereof, and the aromatic compound is: and wherein the amount of the tetramethycylohexane is at least about 1 wt. %, and the amount of the aromatic compound is from about 0.1 wt. % to about 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fuel composition. 2. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of the tetramethylcyclohexane is at least about 5 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fuel composition. 3. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the tetramethylcyclohexane is or at least one stereoisomer thereof. 4. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the tetramethylcyclohexane is or at least one stereoisomer thereof. 5. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the petroleum-based fuel component is gasoline, jet fuel, kerosene or a combination thereof. 6. The fuel composition of claim 1, wherein the amount of the petroleum-based fuel component is at least about 40 wt. % and the amount of the tetramethylcyclohexane is from about 5 wt. % to about 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of the fuel composition. 7. The fuel composition of claim 1 comprising: or at least one stereoisomer thereof; or at least one stereoisomer thereof; or at least one stereoisomer thereof; and or at least one stereoisomer thereof, wherein the total amount of (a) and (b) is from about 1 wt. % to about 99 wt. %, and the total amount of (c) and (d) is from about 0.5 wt. % to about 50 wt. %, based on the total weight of (a)-(d). 8. The fuel composition of claim 7 further comprising: or at least one stereoisomer thereof; and or at least one stereoisomer thereof; wherein the amount of (e) is from 0 wt. % to about 50 wt. %, and the amount of (g) is from about 0.1 wt. % to about 30 wt. %, based on the total weight of (a)-(e), the aromatic compound and (g). 9. The fuel composition of claim 8, wherein the total amount of (a) and (b) is from about 50 wt. % to about 99 wt. %, based on the total weight of (a)-(e), the aromatic compound and (g). 10. The fuel composition of claim 1, having a Reid vapor pressure from about 7.0 psi to about 15.0 psi. 11. The fuel composition of claim 10, wherein the fuel composition is an RBOB or a CARBOB. 12. The fuel composition of claim 11, further comprising ethanol. 13. A method of making a fuel composition comprising the step of contacting pinene with hydrogen in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst to form at least one tetramethyleyclohexane having a quaternary carbon atom in the cyclohexane ring; and mixing the tetramethylcyclohexane with a petroleum-based fuel component and an aromatic compound to make the fuel composition, wherein the tetramethylcyclohexane is: or a combination thereof, and the aromatic compound is: and wherein the amount of the tetramethylcyclohexane is at least about 1 wt.%, and the amount of the aromatic compound is from about 0.1 wt.% to about 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel composition. 14. The method of claim 13, wherein the pinene is α-pinene, β-pinene or a combination thereof. 15. The method of claim 13, wherein the hydrogenation catalyst comprises a ruthenium catalyst. 16. The method of claim 13, wherein the fuel component is a petroleum-based fuel component. 17. The method of claim 13, wherein the fuel composition has a Reid vapor pressure from about 7.0 psi to 15.0 psi. 18. The method of claim 17, wherein the fuel composition is an RBOB or a CARBOB. 19. A vehicle comprising an internal combustion engine; a fuel tank connected to the internal combustion engine; and a fuel composition in the fuel tank, wherein the fuel composition is used to power the internal combustion engine, wherein the fuel composition comprises a petroleum-based fuel component, an aromatic compound and at least one tetramethylcyclohexane having a quaternary carbon atom in the cyclohexane ring, wherein the tetramethylcyclohexane is: or a combination thereof, and the aromatic compound is: and wherein the amount of the tetramethylcyclohexane is at least about 1 wt.%, and the amount of the aromatic compound is from about 0.1 wt.% to about 20 wt.%, based on the total weight of the fuel composition. 20. The vehicle of claim 19, wherein the internal combustion engine is a gasoline engine.
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