대표
청구항
▼
What is claimed is: 1. In a transportation vehicle including a fluid supply system adapted to supply at least one of a gaseous fluid or a liquid fluid, wherein said fluid supply system includes a fluid outlet, a fluid inlet arrangement having at least one of a fluid inlet and a fluid reservoir, a fluid conduit system connecting said fluid inlet arrangement to said fluid outlet so as to provide said fluid from said fluid inlet arrangement to said fluid outlet, and a fluid tempering arrangement that is interposed in said fluid conduit system and adapted t...
What is claimed is: 1. In a transportation vehicle including a fluid supply system adapted to supply at least one of a gaseous fluid or a liquid fluid, wherein said fluid supply system includes a fluid outlet, a fluid inlet arrangement having at least one of a fluid inlet and a fluid reservoir, a fluid conduit system connecting said fluid inlet arrangement to said fluid outlet so as to provide said fluid from said fluid inlet arrangement to said fluid outlet, and a fluid tempering arrangement that is interposed in said fluid conduit system and adapted to at least one of heat or cool said fluid passing therethrough, an improvement wherein said fluid tempering arrangement comprises: a first thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that is arranged in heat exchange relation with said conduit system; at least one valve that is at least one of interposed in said conduit system or connected to said first thermochemical reservoir; and a controller connected for control signal transmission to said at least one valve and adapted to variably control a transfer of heat between said fluid and said first thermochemical reservoir so as to adjustingly set a temperature of said fluid provided to said fluid outlet; and wherein said improvement further comprises a fuel cell connected via a hydrogen conduit to said first thermochemical reservoir. 2. In a transportation vehicle including a fluid supply system adapted to supply at least one of a gaseous fluid or a liquid fluid, wherein said fluid supply system includes a fluid outlet, a fluid inlet arrangement having at least one of a fluid inlet and a fluid reservoir, a fluid conduit system connecting said fluid inlet arrangement to said fluid outlet so as to provide said fluid from said fluid inlet arrangement to said fluid outlet, and a fluid tempering arrangement that is interposed in said fluid conduit system and adapted to at least one of heat or cool said fluid passing therethrough, an improvement wherein said fluid tempering arrangement comprises: a first thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that is arranged in heat exchange relation with said conduit system; a second thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that is arranged in heat exchange relation with said conduit system; at least one valve that is at least one of interposed in said conduit system, connected to said first thermochemical reservoir, or connected to said second thermochemical reservoir; a controller connected for control signal transmission to said at least one valve and adapted to variably control a transfer of heat between said fluid and said first thermochemical reservoir and said second thermochemical reservoir so as to adjustingly set a temperature of said fluid provided to said fluid outlet; and a fluid regulating valve interposed in said fluid conduit system between said fluid inlet arrangement, said first thermochemical reservoir and said second thermochemical reservoir; wherein said fluid conduit system includes a first feed line connecting said fluid regulating valve to said first thermochemical reservoir and a second feed line connecting said fluid regulating valve to said second thermochemical reservoir and said fluid regulating valve selectively connects said fluid inlet arrangement to at least one of said first thermochemical reservoir via said first feed line or said second thermochemical reservoir via said second feed line; and wherein said fluid tempering arrangement further comprises an active first feed line tempering device interposed in or arranged in heat exchange relation with said first feed line and an active second feed line tempering device interposed in or arranged in heat exchange relation with said second feed line, and said controller is connected to said feed line tempering devices so as to control said feed line tempering devices. 3. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said transportation vehicle further includes an electrical power supply system, and said fluid tempering arrangement further comprises an electrical element, which is at least one of a heating element or a cooling element that is connected to said electrical power supply system and that is arranged in heat exchange relation with at least one of said fluid, said conduit system, said first thermochemical reservoir, or said second thermochemical reservoir. 4. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said transportation vehicle is an aircraft, and said fluid outlet is arranged in a galley, a restroom, a sanitary facility or a lounge area of said aircraft. 5. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said first thermochemical reservoir comprises a first container, a first hydride-forming metal disposed in said first container, and a first heat exchanger that is connected to or incorporated in said fluid conduit system and that is arranged in heat exchange relation with said first hydride-forming metal. 6. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said first thermochemical reservoir comprises a first hydride-forming metal that exhibits a first reaction temperature for absorption of hydrogen, said second thermochemical reservoir comprises a second hydride-forming metal that is different from said first hydride-forming metal and that exhibits a second reaction temperature for absorption of hydrogen, and said second reaction temperature is different from said first reaction temperature. 7. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 6, wherein said first thermochemical reservoir further comprises a first container that contains said first hydride-forming metal, said second thermochemical reservoir further comprises a second container that contains said second hydride-forming metal, said first hydride-forming metal exhibits a first hydrogen desorption temperature at a pressure of 1 bar, said second hydride-forming metal exhibits a second hydrogen desorption temperature at a pressure of 1 bar, and said second hydrogen desorption temperature is different from said first hydrogen desorption temperature. 8. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 7, wherein said first thermochemical reservoir further comprises a first hydrogen distributor arranged in said first container, said second thermochemical reservoir further comprises a second hydrogen distributor arranged in said second container, said fluid tempering arrangement further comprises a hydrogen transfer conduit connected to said first and second hydrogen distributors and a hydrogen regulating valve interposed in said hydrogen transfer conduit, and said controller is connected for control signal transmission to said hydrogen regulating valve so as to control said hydrogen regulating valve. 9. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 8, wherein said hydrogen regulating valve further has at least one of a hydrogen intake port or a hydrogen discharge port that can be selectively connected to at least one of a hydrogen source or a hydrogen sink. 10. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said fluid tempering arrangement further comprises an outlet regulating valve connected to said fluid outlet, said fluid conduit system further comprises a first return line connecting said first thermochemical reservoir to said outlet regulating valve and a second return line connecting said second thermochemical reservoir to said outlet regulating valve, and said outlet regulating valve is adapted to selectively communicate at least one of said first return line or said second return line to said fluid outlet. 11. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 10, wherein said fluid inlet arrangement includes said fluid reservoir, and said outlet regulating valve is further connected to said fluid reservoir and adapted to selectively communicate at least one of said first return line or said second return line to said fluid reservoir. 12. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 10, wherein said fluid tempering arrangement further comprises at least one pump interposed in at least one of said first return line or said second return line. 13. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said fluid tempering arrangement further comprises a temperature selection input device that is connected to said controller and that enables a user to input a selected temperature of said fluid to be provided via said fluid outlet, and said controller is adapted to control said fluid tempering arrangement so as to achieve at least one of a transfer of heat to said fluid from said first thermochemical reservoir or a transfer of heat from said fluid to, said second thermochemical reservoir, in response to and dependent on said selected temperature input via said temperature selection input device. 14. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein said first thermochemical reservoir comprises a first hydride-forming metal and a first active reservoir tempering device arranged in heat exchange relation with said first hydride-forming metal, and said second thermochemical reservoir comprises a second hydride-forming metal and a second active reservoir tempering device arranged in heat exchange relation with said second hydride-forming metal, and wherein said controller is connected to said reservoir tempering devices so as to control said reservoir tempering devices. 15. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, expressly including said fluid in said fluid supply system including said fluid tempering arrangement, wherein said fluid is water. 16. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a fuel cell connected via a hydrogen conduit to at least one of said thermochemical reservoirs. 17. In a transportation vehicle including a tap water supply system adapted to supply at least one of gaseous water or liquid water, wherein said tap water supply system includes a tap water outlet, a water inlet arrangement including a tap water inlet and a tap water storage tank connected thereto, a water conduit system connecting said water inlet arrangement to said water outlet so as to provide said water from said water inlet arrangement to said water outlet, and a water tempering arrangement that is interposed in said water conduit system and adapted to at least one of heat or cool said water passing therethrough, an improvement wherein said water tempering arrangement comprises: a first thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that includes a first heat exchanger arranged in heat exchange relation with said conduit system; a second thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that includes a second heat exchanger arranged in heat exchange relation with said conduit system; a hydrogen transfer conduit connected between said first and second thermochemical reservoirs; a hydrogen regulating valve interposed in said hydrogen transfer conduit, wherein said hydrogen regulating valve further has at least one of a hydrogen intake port or a hydrogen discharge port that can be selectively connected to at least one of a hydrogen source or a hydrogen sink; and a controller that is connected for control signal transmission to said hydrogen regulating valve, and that is adapted to variably control a transfer of heat between said water and said thermochemical reservoirs so as to adjustingly set a temperature of said water provided to said water outlet; wherein: said tap water supply system further includes a water outlet regulating valve having an outlet port connected to said tap water outlet and having first and second inlet ports and having a fourth port, and a water feed regulating valve having an inlet Port connected to said water inlet arrangement and having first and second outlet ports; and said conduit system comprises a first feed line connecting said first outlet port of said water feed regulating valve to a water inlet of said first heat exchanger, a first delivery line connecting an outlet of said first heat exchanger to said first inlet port of said water outlet regulating valve, a second feed line connecting said second outlet port of said water feed regulating valve to a water inlet of said second heat exchanger, a second delivery line connecting an outlet of said second heat exchanger to said second inlet port of said water outlet regulating valve, and a recirculation line connecting said fourth port of said water outlet regulating valve to said water storage tank. 18. In a transportation vehicle including a tap water supply system adapted to supply tap water to a tap water outlet in a galley, a restroom, a sanitary facility or a lounge area of said transportation vehicle, wherein said tap water supply system includes said tap water, said tap water outlet, a tap water inlet arrangement including a tap water inlet feeding into a tap water storage tank, a water conduit system connecting said water inlet arrangement to said water outlet so as to provide said water from said water inlet arrangement to said water outlet, and a water tempering arrangement that is interposed in said water conduit system and adapted to at least one of heat or cool said water passing therethrough, an improvement wherein said water tempering arrangement comprises: a first thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that comprises a first hydride-forming metal and a first heat exchanger which is connected to or incorporated in said conduit system and is arranged in heat exchange relation with said first hydride-forming metal, wherein said first hydride-forming metal exhibits a first reaction temperature for absorption of hydrogen; a second thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that comprises a second hydride-forming metal different from said first hydride-forming metal, and a second heat exchanger which is connected to or incorporated in said conduit system and is arranged in heat exchange relation with said second hydride-forming metal, wherein said second hydride-forming metal exhibits a second reaction temperature for absorption of hydrogen which is different from said first reaction temperature; at least one valve interposed in said conduit system or connected to at least one of said thermochemical reservoirs; and a controller connected for control signal transmission to said at least one valve and adapted to variably control a transfer of heat between said water and said thermochemical reservoirs so as to adjustingly set a temperature of said water provided to said water outlet; wherein: said at least one valve includes a water outlet regulating valve having an outlet port connected to said tap water outlet and having first and second inlet ports and having a fourth port, and a water feed regulating valve having an inlet port connected to said water inlet arrangement and having first and second outlet ports; and said conduit system comprises a first feed line connecting said first outlet port of said water feed regulating valve to an inlet of said first heat exchanger, a first delivery line connecting an outlet of said first heat exchanger to said first inlet port of said water outlet regulating valve, a second feed line connecting said second outlet port of said water feed regulating valve to an inlet of said second heat exchanger, a second delivery line connecting an outlet of said second heat exchanger to said second inlet port of said water outlet regulating valve, and a recirculation line connecting said fourth port of said water outlet regulating valve to said water storage tank. 19. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim l8, wherein: said conduit system further comprises a first bypass line connected between said first feed line and said first delivery line, and a second bypass line connected between said second feed line and said second delivery lines; and said at least one valve further comprises a first bypass valve interposed in said first bypass line, and a second bypass valve interposed in said second bypass line. 20. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 18, wherein said tempering arrangement further comprises a first electric heating element interposed in said first feed line, and a second electric heating element interposed in said second feed line. 21. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 18, wherein said water tempering arrangement further comprises a hydrogen transfer conduit connected between said first and second thermochemical reservoirs, and a hydrogen regulating valve interposed in said hydrogen transfer conduit, wherein said hydrogen regulating valve has a hydrogen intake or discharge port that can be selectively connected to a hydrogen source or a hydrogen sink. 22. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 21, further comprising a fuel cell as said hydrogen sink connected to said hydrogen discharge port of said hydrogen regulating valve. 23. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 18, wherein said transportation vehicle is a transport aircraft having at least said galley and said restroom therein. 24. In a transportation vehicle including a tap water supply system adapted to supply tap water to a tap water outlet in a galley, a restroom, a sanitary facility or a lounge area of said transportation vehicle, wherein said tap water supply system includes said tap water, said tap water outlet, a tap water inlet arrangement having at least one of a tap water inlet and a tap water reservoir, a water conduit system connecting said water inlet arrangement to said water outlet so as to provide said water from said water inlet arrangement to said water outlet, and a water tempering arrangement that is interposed in said water conduit system and adapted to at least one of heat or cool said water passing therethrough, an improvement wherein said water tempering arrangement comprises: a first thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that comprises a first hydride-forming metal and a first heat exchanger which is connected to or incorporated in said conduit system and is arranged in heat exchange relation with said first hydride-forming metal, wherein said first hydride-forming metal exhibits a first reaction temperature for absorption of hydrogen; a second thermochemical reservoir that is adapted to store energy therein and that comprises a second hydride-forming metal different from said first hydride-forming metal, and a second heat exchanger which is connected to or incorporated in said conduit system and is arranged in heat exchange relation with said second hydride-forming metal, wherein said second hydride-forming metal exhibits a second reaction temperature for absorption of hydrogen which is different from said first reaction temperature; at least one valve interposed in said conduit system or connected to at least one of said thermochemical reservoirs; a controller connected for control signal transmission to said at least one valve and adapted to variably control a transfer of heat between said water and said thermochemical reservoirs so as to adjustingly set a temperature of said water provided to said water outlet; and a hydrogen transfer conduit connected between said first and second thermochemical reservoirs; and wherein said at least one valve comprises a hydrogen regulating valve interposed in said hydrogen transfer conduit, wherein said hydrogen regulating valve has a hydrogen intake or discharge port that can be selectively connected to a hydrogen source or a hydrogen sink; and further comprising a fuel cell as said hydrogen sink connected to said hydrogen discharge port of said hydrogen regulating valve. 25. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 24, wherein: said at least one valve includes a water outlet regulating valve having an outlet port connected to said tap water outlet and having first and second inlet ports, and a water feed regulating valve having an inlet port connected to said water inlet arrangement and having first and second outlet ports; and said conduit system comprises a first feed line connecting said first outlet port of said water feed regulating valve to an inlet of said first heat exchanger, a first delivery line connecting an outlet of said first heat exchanger to said first inlet port of said water outlet regulating valve, a second feed line connecting said second outlet port of said water feed regulating valve to an inlet of said second heat exchanger, and a second delivery line connecting an outlet of said second heat exchanger to said second inlet port of said water outlet regulating valve. 26. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 25, wherein: said conduit system further comprises a first bypass line connected between said first feed line and said first delivery line, and a second bypass line connected between said second feed line and said second delivery line; and said at least one valve further comprises a first bypass valve interposed in said first bypass line, and a second bypass valve interposed in said second bypass line. 27. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 25, wherein said tempering arrangement further comprises a first electric heating element interposed in said first feed line, and a second electric heating element interposed in said second feed line. 28. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 25, wherein said water inlet arrangement comprises a tap water storage tank as said tap water reservoir, and said water inlet feeding into said tap water storage tank. 29. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 28, wherein said water outlet regulating valve further has a fourth port, and said conduit system further comprises a recirculation line connecting said fourth port of said water outlet regulating valve to said water storage tank. 30. The improvement in the transportation vehicle according to claim 24, wherein said transportation vehicle is a transport aircraft having at least said galley and said restroom therein.
