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This invention provides for a curable antimicrobial coating system comprising a base coating composition and a top coat coating composition wherein each contains and antimicrobial agent. The base coat forms a non-hydrophilic polymer layer and the top coat preferably forms a hydrophilic polymer layer

This invention provides for a curable antimicrobial coating system comprising a base coating composition and a top coat coating composition wherein each contains and antimicrobial agent. The base coat forms a non-hydrophilic polymer layer and the top coat preferably forms a hydrophilic polymer layer or a non-hydrophilic polymer layer which does not preclude the release of the antimicrobial agent. This two-layer coating is especially designed for erosive environments and provides continual antimicrobial activity regardless of the stage of wear or erosion.

대표청구항 ▼

I claim: 1. A method of providing immediate and long-term antimicrobial efficacy combined with long-term durability to a substrate that, in use, is subject to high wear or highly errosive conditions comprising: (a) mixing an antimicrobial agent with a curable base coat coating formulation (b) apply

I claim: 1. A method of providing immediate and long-term antimicrobial efficacy combined with long-term durability to a substrate that, in use, is subject to high wear or highly errosive conditions comprising: (a) mixing an antimicrobial agent with a curable base coat coating formulation (b) applying the modified curable base coat coating formulation to a surface and allowing it to cure; (c) mixing an antimicrobial agent with a curable top coat coating formulation; and (d) applying the curable top coat formulation to the surface of the cured base coat and allowing the top coat to cure; wherein the base coat, when cured, is a non-hydrophilic material and the top coat, when cured, is either (a) a hydrophilic material having water absoption at equillibrium of at least 2% by weight, other than a polysaccharide or hyaluronan, or (b) a non-hydrophilic material that is either (i) skin forming, provided that the antimicrobial agent is in particle form and the thickness of the top coat is such that an adequate number of particles of the antimicrobial agent are not skinned over so as to preclude the presence at the surface of the top coat of an antimicrobially effective amount of the antimicrobial agent, or (ii) non-skin forming with respect to the antimicrobial agent; and wherein said inorganic antimicrobial agent is an antimicrobial metal or metal ion containing agent and is ineffective in providing antimicrobial bioefficacy at the coating surface while entombed in the non-hydrophilic base coat; and wherein said cured non-hydrophilic base coat is thicker than and has long-term durability as compared to the top coat. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the top coat cures to a hydrophilic material. 3. The method of claim 2 wherein the cured hydrophilic material is selected from the group consisting of poly(alkylene ether) esters, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyurethanes, polyamides, polyacrylamides, polymethacrylamides, polyvinylpyrrolidinones, polyureas, polyvinylacetates, polyvinylalcohols, copolymers of the foregoing, copolymers having a substantial presence of hydrophilic monomers used in the foregoing and blends of any two or more of the foregoing. 4. The method of claim 2 wherein the cured hydrophilic material is selected from the group consisting of polyhydroxyethyl methacrylate, polyacrylamide, polyurethanes, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone, polylactic acid, polyamides, and blends thereof. 5. The method of claim 2 wherein the top coat hydrophilic material is a polymer with water absorption at equilibrium of at least about 5% by weight. 6. The method of claim 2 wherein the top coat hydrophilic material is a polymer with water absorption at equilibrium of at least about 20% by weight. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the top coat cures to a non-skin forming, non-hydrophilic material. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the top coat cures to a skin forming non-hydrophilic material provided that at least about 40% of the antimicrobial agent particles have a diameter that is equal to or greater than the thickness of the top coat. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the top coat cures to a skin forming non-hydrophilic material provided that average diameter of the antimicrobial agent particles is about the same as or greater than the thickness of the top coat. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the base coat polymer is a thermoset polymer. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein the thermoset polymer is chosen from the group consisting of phenolic resins, urea resins, epoxy resins, polyesters, epoxy polyesters, acrylics, and polyurethanes. 12. The method of claim 10 wherein the thermoset polymer is an epoxy resin. 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the inorganic antimicrobial agent comprises a metal or metal ion selected from silver, copper, zinc, tin, gold, mercury, lead, iron, cobalt, nickel, manganese, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, barium, cadmium, chromium and thallium ions and combinations thereof. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein the metal or metal ion is silver, zinc, copper or a combination of any two or all three of the foregoing. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein each of the antimicrobial agents is independently selected from the group consisting of metal salts, antimicrobial metal or metal ion containing water soluble glasses, antimicrobial metal ion-exchange type antimicrobial agents and combinations thereof. 16. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the antimicrobial agents is an ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent comprising a ceramic carrier and ion-exchanged antimicrobial metal ions. 17. The method of claim 16 wherein the ceramic carrier is selected from the group consisting of zeolites, hydroxyapatites, and zirconium phosphates. 18. The method of claim 16 wherein both of the antimicrobial agents are ion-exchange type antimicrobial agents. 19. The method of claim 16 wherein the at least one antimicrobial agents is encapsulated in a hydrophilic polymer. 20. The method of claim 19 wherein the antimicrobial agent in the base coat is an encapsulated ion-exchange type antimicrobial agent comprising a ceramic carrier having ion-exchanged antimicrobial metal ions and a hydrophilic polymer coating. 21. The method of claim 20 wherein the encapsulated antimicrobial agent comprises a hydrophilic polymer particle containing a plurality of particles of the antimicrobial agent. 22. The method of claim 1 wherein the substrate is selected from the group consisting of floors, conveyer belts, appliances, chemical storage tanks, animal feed tanks, cooling water systems and pipes, storage containers, bulk storage containers, silos, and storage compartments of transport vessels, rail cars and vehicles.