Process and a plant for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from power plants into useful carbonated species
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02C-001/00
F23J-015/02
C01L-001/02
B01D-053/62
출원번호
UP-0529168
(2003-09-29)
등록번호
US-7596952
(2009-10-20)
우선권정보
CA-2405635(2002-09-27)
국제출원번호
PCT/CA03/001496
(2003-09-29)
§371/§102 date
20050324
(20050324)
국제공개번호
WO04/028667
(2004-04-08)
발명자
/ 주소
Fradette, Sylvie
Ruel, Jean
출원인 / 주소
CO2 Solution Inc.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
25인용 특허 :
9
초록▼
A process is disclosed for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from a fossil-fuel power plant into useful carbonated species The process primarily comprises the steps of: a) burning the fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; and b) converting the heat into energy.
A process is disclosed for recycling carbon dioxide emissions from a fossil-fuel power plant into useful carbonated species The process primarily comprises the steps of: a) burning the fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; and b) converting the heat into energy. The process is characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: c) cooling the exhaust gas; and d) biologically transforming the CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas into carbonated species, thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas and producing useful carbonated species. The low CO2 exhaust gas obtained in step d) can be released in the atmosphere without increasing the problem of greenhouse effect.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A process comprising: a) combustion of a fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; b) converting said heat into energy; the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps of: c) cooling said exhaust gas; and d) reducing the amount
What is claimed is: 1. A process comprising: a) combustion of a fossil fuel, thereby generating heat and a hot exhaust gas containing CO2; b) converting said heat into energy; the process being characterized in that it comprises the steps of: c) cooling said exhaust gas; and d) reducing the amount of CO2 contained in the cooled exhaust gas by biologically transforming said CO2 into carbonated species; thereby obtaining a low CO2 exhaust gas, wherein step d) comprises the steps of: catalyzing the hydration of at least a portion of the CO2 contained in the exhaust gas and producing a solution containing hydrogen ions and carbonate ions; and wherein said hydration is catalyzed by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or an analog thereof. 2. A process as defined in claim 1, wherein step d) comprises: adding to said solution metal ions, and adjusting the pH of the solution to precipitate a carbonate of said metal. 3. A process as defined in claim 1, wherein step d) comprises the step of: feeding liquid H2O and at least a portion of the exhaust gas into a bioreactor containing therein a reaction chamber filled with said enzyme carbonic anhydrase or said analog thereof. 4. A process as defined in claim 3, characterized in that the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or said analog thereof is immobilized on solid supports packing the bioreactor. 5. A process as defined in claim 1, wherein step d) comprises the step of: feeding at least a portion of the exhaust gas into a bioreactor containing therein a reaction chamber filled with said enzyme carbonic anhydrase or said analog thereof in suspension in a liquid phase. 6. A process as defined in claim 5, characterized in that the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or said analog thereof is free in said aqueous liquid phase, or immobilized on solid supports or entrapped inside a solid matrix. 7. A process as defined in claim 1, characterized in that, in step c), the exhaust gas is cooled to a temperature sufficiently low so as to maintain a catalytic effect of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or said analog thereof. 8. A process as defined in claim 1, characterized in that it comprises, prior to step d) of reducing, the step of: removing from the exhaust gas additional contaminants contained in the exhaust gas. 9. A process as defined in claim 8, characterized in that said additional contaminants are selected from the group consisting of ash, NOx and SO2. 10. A process as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the metal ions are selected from the group consisting of calcium, barium, magnesium and sodium ions. 11. A process as defined in claim 10, characterized in that said metal ions are Ca++ and the carbonate is CaCO3. 12. A process as defined in claim 1, characterized in that step c) of cooling is performed by means of a heat exchanger that removes heat from said cooled exhaust gas, the heat removed being recycled in step b) of the process. 13. A power plant comprising: a combustion unit for burning fossil fuel, thereby producing heat and an exhaust gas containing CO2; means for converting said heat into energy; the plant being characterized in that it comprises: means for cooling the exhaust gas; biological means for biologically transforming at least a portion of the CO2 from the cooled exhaust gas into hydrogen ions and carbonate ions; and precipitation means for precipitating carbonated species from the carbonate ions, wherein said biological means comprises a bioreactor including a reaction chamber filled with the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or an analog thereof to catalyze the hydration of dissolved CO2 into hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions. 14. A power plant as defined in claim 13, characterized in that said means for cooling the exhaust gas comprises a heat exchanger. 15. A power plant as defined in claim 13, characterized in that the reaction chamber comprises: a liquid inlet for receiving an aqueous liquid; a gas inlet for receiving the cooled exhaust gas to be treated; a gas outlet for releasing a low CO2 gas; and a liquid outlet for releasing a solution containing carbonate ions. 16. A power plant as defined in claim 15, characterized in that the precipitating means comprises: a precipitation vessel to react said bicarbonate ions with metal ions and precipitate a carbonate of said metal. 17. A power plant as defined in claim 15, characterized in that the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or the analog thereof is immobilized on solid supports packing the reaction chamber. 18. A power plant as defined in claim 15, characterized in that the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or the analog thereof is in suspension in an aqueous phase filling the reaction chamber. 19. A power plant as defined in claim 18, characterized in that the enzyme carbonic anhydrase or the analog thereof is free in said liquid phase, immobilized on solid supports or entrapped inside a solid matrix.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (9)
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Gellett, Wayne L.; Bucholz, Tracy L.; Zvosec, Richard T.; Schumacher, Joshua; Clayton, Robert A.; Shirtum, Robert P., Process for accelerated capture of carbon dioxide.
Gellett, Wayne L.; Bucholz, Tracy L.; Zvosec, Richard T.; Schumacher, Joshua; Clayton, Robert A.; Shirtum, Robert P., Process for accelerated capture of carbon dioxide.
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