Injection system and method for refrigeration system compressor
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F25B-043/00
F25B-041/00
F25B-043/02
출원번호
UP-0707628
(2007-02-19)
등록번호
US-7647790
(2010-02-22)
발명자
/ 주소
Ignatiev, Kirill
Caillat, Jean-Luc M
출원인 / 주소
Emerson Climate Technologies, Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Harness, Dickey & Pierce, P.L.C.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
10인용 특허 :
43
초록▼
A refrigeration system can incorporate a cooling-liquid injection system that can inject a cooling liquid into an intermediate-pressure location of the compressor. The cooling liquid can absorb the heat of compression during the compression of the refrigerant flowing therethrough. The refrigeration
A refrigeration system can incorporate a cooling-liquid injection system that can inject a cooling liquid into an intermediate-pressure location of the compressor. The cooling liquid can absorb the heat of compression during the compression of the refrigerant flowing therethrough. The refrigeration system can include an economizer system that injects a refrigerant vapor into an intermediate-pressure location of the compressor in conjunction with the injection of the cooling liquid. A refrigeration system can include a liquid-refrigerant injection system that can inject liquid refrigerant into an intermediate-pressure location of the compressor. The injected liquid refrigerant can reduce the discharge temperature of the refrigerant. The liquid-refrigerant injection system can be used with the cooling-liquid injection system and/or the economizer system.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A refrigeration system comprising: a compressor having a suction port, a discharge port, and at least one passageway communicating with at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor and through which a fluid can be injected into said intermediate-pressure loc
What is claimed is: 1. A refrigeration system comprising: a compressor having a suction port, a discharge port, and at least one passageway communicating with at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor and through which a fluid can be injected into said intermediate-pressure location, said compressor compressing a refrigerant and a cooling liquid flowing therethrough to a discharge pressure greater than a suction pressure, said cooling liquid is a single-phase lubricant that absorbs heat within said compressor caused by compression of said refrigerant and said cooling liquid; a separator separating said refrigerant and said cooling liquid; a first flow path communicating with said separator and said passageway and through which a first stream of refrigerant from said separator flows and is injected into said intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said first stream being predominantly refrigerant vapor when injected into said intermediate-pressure location; a second flow path communicating with said separator and said passageway and through which a second stream of refrigerant flows and is injected into said intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said second stream being predominately liquid refrigerant when injected into said intermediate-pressure location; and a third flow path from said separator to said passageway and through which a third stream of predominantly cooling liquid from said separator flows and is injected into said intermediate-pressure location of said compressor. 2. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein said at least one passageway is at least two passageways, said at least one intermediate-pressure location is at least two intermediate-pressure locations, said first stream being injected into a first one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a first one of said passageways, and said second and third streams being injected into a second one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a second one of said passageways. 3. The refrigeration system of claim 2, further comprising: a first throttle device in said first flow path reducing a pressure of said first stream to lower than said discharge pressure and greater than an intermediate pressure of said first intermediate-pressure location thereby injecting said first stream into said first intermediate-pressure location; and a second throttle device in said second flow path controlling the flow of said second stream thereby injecting said second stream in a predominantly liquid state into said second intermediate-pressure location and changing to a predominantly vapor state inside said compressor. 4. The refrigeration system of claim 3, wherein said first intermediate-pressure location has a first pressure, said second intermediate-pressure location has a second pressure, and said second pressure is greater than said first pressure. 5. The refrigeration system of claim 4, further comprising: a fourth flow path extending from said separator to said suction port, said fourth flow path being a main refrigerant flow path and receiving a fourth stream of refrigerant from said separator, said first and second flow paths extending from said fourth flow path to said first and second passageways, respectively, and said first and second streams are minority portions of said fourth stream; and a heat exchanger through which said first and fourth flow paths extend in heat-transferring relation, said heat exchanger transferring heat from said fourth stream to said third stream. 6. The refrigeration system of claim 3, further comprising: a heat exchanger in said third flow path removing heat from said third stream thereby reducing a temperature of said third stream and exhausting compression heat from the system; and a third throttle device in said third flow path between said heat exchanger and said third passageway reducing a pressure of said third stream to lower than said discharge pressure and greater than an intermediate pressure of said second intermediate-pressure location thereby injecting said third stream into said second intermediate-pressure location. 7. The refrigeration system of claim 6, wherein said third throttle device is responsive to a change in a discharge temperature of said compressor. 8. The refrigeration system of claim 7, wherein said second throttle device is responsive to a change in said discharge temperature of said compressor. 9. The refrigeration system of claim 8, wherein said second throttle device opens at a higher discharge temperature than said third throttle device. 10. The refrigeration system of claim 6, wherein said first, second and third streams are injected into different intermediate-pressure locations in said compressor. 11. The refrigeration system of claim 10, wherein said first intermediate-pressure location has a first pressure, said second intermediate-pressure location has a second pressure, said third intermediate-pressure location has a third pressure, said first pressure being less than said second and third pressures, and said second pressure being greater than said third pressure. 12. The refrigeration system of claim 3, further comprising: a fourth flow path extending from said separator to said suction port, said third flow path being a main refrigerant flow path and receiving a fourth stream of refrigerant from said separator, said first and second flow paths extending from said fourth flow path to said first and second passageways, respectively; a main throttle device disposed in said fourth flow path downstream of a location where said first and second flow paths extend from said fourth flow path, said main throttle device reducing a pressure of said fourth stream flowing therethrough; an evaporator in said fourth flow path downstream of said main throttle device, said evaporator transferring heat into said fourth stream flowing therethrough; and a heat exchanger disposed in first and second sections of said fourth flow path with said first and second sections in heat-transferring relation with one another through said heat exchanger, said first section being upstream of said main throttle device, said second section being downstream of said evaporator and upstream of said suction port, and said heat exchanger transferring heat from said fourth stream flowing through said first section into said fourth stream flowing through said second section. 13. The refrigeration system of claim 12, further comprising a gas cooler cooling refrigerant flowing through said fourth flow path. 14. The refrigeration system of claim 12, wherein a flow rate of refrigerant in said first stream is equal to or greater than a flow rate of refrigerant in said fourth stream flowing into said suction port. 15. The refrigeration system of claim 3, wherein said second throttle device is responsive to changes in a discharge temperature of said compressor. 16. The refrigeration system of claim 15, further comprising a temperature sensing device responsive to a discharge temperature of said compressor and wherein said second throttle device regulates flow of said second stream therethrough based on an output of said temperature sensing device. 17. The refrigeration system of claim 3, wherein said second throttle device actively regulates flow of said second stream therethrough. 18. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein said compressor is a scroll compressor having at least two compression members intermeshed therein with compression cavities formed therebetween. 19. The refrigeration system of claim 18, wherein said intermediate-pressure location is a compression cavity formed between said compression members. 20. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein said compressor is a screw compressor having at least two compression members intermeshed therein with compression cavities formed therebetween. 21. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein said compressor is a two-stage compressor having a first stage operable to compress said refrigerant and lubricant from a suction pressure to an intermediate pressure and a second stage operable to compress said refrigerant and lubricant from said intermediate pressure to said discharge pressure. 22. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein said compressor is a single-stage compressor. 23. The refrigeration system according to claim 1, wherein a normal discharge pressure of said compressor is greater than a critical pressure of said refrigerant. 24. The refrigeration system according to claim 23, wherein said refrigerant is CO2. 25. The refrigeration system of claim 1, wherein said first, second, and third streams are all injected into said compressor through the same passageway into the same intermediate-pressure location. 26. A refrigeration system comprising: a compressor having a suction port, a discharge port, and at least one passageway communicating with at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said compressor compressing a refrigerant and a single-phase cooling liquid flowing therethrough to a discharge pressure greater than a suction pressure; a separator separating said refrigerant and said cooling liquid; a first flow path extending from said separator to said at least one passageway and through which a first stream of cooling liquid from said separator flows and is injected into said at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said cooling liquid absorbing heat within said compressor caused by said compression; a second flow path communicating with said separator and said at least one passageway and through which a second stream of refrigerant flows and is injected into said at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said refrigerant in said second stream being predominately liquid refrigerant when injected into said at least one intermediate-pressure location; and a third flow path communicating with said separator and said at least one passageway and through which a third stream of refrigerant flows and is injected into said intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said refrigerant in said third stream being predominately vapor refrigerant when injected into said intermediate-pressure location. 27. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said at least one passageway is at least two passageways, said at least one intermediate-pressure location is at least two intermediate-pressure locations, said first stream being injected into a first one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a first one of said passageways and said second stream being injected into a second one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a second one of said passageways. 28. The refrigeration system of claim 27, wherein said first intermediate-pressure location has a first pressure, said second intermediate-pressure location has a second pressure, and said second pressure is greater than said first pressure. 29. The refrigeration system of claim 27, further comprising: a first throttle device in said first flow path reducing a pressure of said first stream to lower than said discharge pressure and greater than an intermediate pressure of said first intermediate-pressure location thereby injecting said first stream into said first intermediate-pressure location; and a second throttle device in said second flow path controlling the flow of said second stream thereby injecting said second stream in a predominantly liquid state into said second intermediate-pressure location and changing to a predominantly vapor state inside said compressor. 30. The refrigeration system of claim 29, wherein at least one of said first and second throttle devices is responsive to a discharge temperature of said compressor. 31. The refrigeration system of claim 30, further comprising a temperature sensing device responsive to a discharge temperature of said compressor and wherein at least one of said first and second throttle devices regulates flow therethrough based on an output of said temperature sensing device. 32. The refrigeration system of claim 30, wherein both of said first and second throttle devices regulate flow therethrough based on said discharge temperature of said compressor. 33. The refrigeration system of claim 32, wherein said second throttle device opens to allow flow therethrough after said first throttle device opens to allow flow therethrough. 34. The refrigeration system of claim 32, wherein said second throttle device opens at a higher discharge temperature than said first throttle device. 35. The refrigeration system of claim 29, wherein said first throttle device regulates flow of said first stream therethrough to provide primary cooling of compression heat generated by said compressor and said second throttle device regulates flow of said second stream therethrough to supplement cooling of compression heat generated by said compressor. 36. The refrigeration system of claim 29, wherein said second throttle device reduces a pressure of said second stream thereby changing said second stream from a predominantly gaseous-refrigerant stream to a predominately liquid-refrigerant stream across said second throttle device. 37. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said at least one passageway is at least three passageways, said at least one intermediate-pressure location is at least three intermediate-pressure locations, said first stream being injected into a first one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a first one of said passageways, said second stream being injected into a second one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a second one of said passageways, and said third stream being injected into a third one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a third one of said passageways. 38. The refrigeration system of claim 37, wherein said first intermediate-pressure location has a first pressure, said second intermediate-pressure location has a second pressure, said third intermediate-pressure location has a third pressure, said second pressure is greater than said first pressure, and said first pressure is greater than said third pressure. 39. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein a flow rate of refrigerant in said third stream injected into said compressor is equal to or greater than a flow of refrigerant flowing into said suction port of said compressor. 40. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said compressor is a scroll compressor having at least two compression members intermeshed therein with compression cavities formed therebetween. 41. The refrigeration system of claim 40, wherein said intermediate-pressure location is a compression cavity formed between said compression members. 42. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said compressor is a screw compressor having at least two compression members intermeshed therein with compression cavities formed therebetween. 43. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said compressor is a two-stage compressor having a first stage operable to compress said refrigerant and cooling liquid from a suction pressure to an intermediate pressure and a second stage operable to compress said refrigerant and cooling liquid from said intermediate pressure to said discharge pressure. 44. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said compressor is a single-stage compressor. 45. The refrigeration system according to claim 26, wherein a normal discharge pressure of said compressor is greater than a critical pressure of said refrigerant. 46. The refrigeration system of claim 45, wherein said refrigerant is CO2. 47. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said first, second, and third streams are all injected into said compressor through the same passageway into the same intermediate-pressure location. 48. The refrigeration system of claim 26, wherein said a least one passageway includes at least two passageways, said at least one intermediate-pressure location includes at least two intermediate-pressure locations, said first and second streams being injected into a first one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a first one of said passageways, and said third stream being injected into a second one of said intermediate-pressure locations through a second one of said passageways. 49. A refrigeration system comprising: a compressor having a suction port, a discharge port, and at least one passageway communicating with at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said compressor compressing a refrigerant and a single-phase cooling liquid flowing therethrough to a discharge pressure greater than a suction pressure; a separator separating said refrigerant and said cooling liquid; a first flow path extending from said separator to said at least one passageway and through which a first stream of cooling liquid from said separator flows and is injected into said at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said cooling liquid absorbing heat within said compressor caused by said compression; a second flow path communicating with said separator and said at least one passageway and through which a second stream of refrigerant flows and is injected into said at least one intermediate-pressure location of said compressor, said refrigerant in said second stream being predominately liquid refrigerant when injected into said at least one intermediate-pressure location: a third flow path extending from said separator to said suction port, said third flow path being a main refrigerant flow path and receiving a third stream of refrigerant from said separator, said second flow path extending from said third flow path to at said least one passageway and said second stream is a minority portion of said third stream; a pressure reducing device in said second flow path reducing a pressure of said second stream to lower than said discharge pressure and greater than an intermediate pressure of said at least one intermediate-pressure location thereby changing said second stream from a predominately vapor-refrigerant stream to a predominately liquid-refrigerant stream and injecting said second stream into said at least one intermediate-pressure location; a main throttle device disposed in said third flow path downstream of a location where said second flow path extends from said third flow path, said main throttle device reducing a pressure of said third stream flowing therethrough; an evaporator in said third flow path downstream of said main throttle device, said evaporator transferring heat into said third stream flowing therethrough; and a heat exchanger disposed in first and second sections of said third flow path with said first and second sections in heat-transferring relation with one another through said heat exchanger, said first section being upstream of said main throttle device, said second section being downstream of said evaporator and upstream of said suction port, and said heat exchanger transferring heat from said third stream flowing through said first section into said third stream flowing through said second section.
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