Methods and apparatus for carbon dioxide removal from a fluid stream
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B01D-053/22
B01D-053/62
B01J-019/24
C01B-003/50
출원번호
UP-0558063
(2006-11-09)
등록번호
US-7648566
(2010-02-22)
발명자
/ 주소
Wei, Wei
Ruud, James Anthony
Ku, Anthony Yu-Chung
Ramaswamy, Vidya
Liu, Ke
출원인 / 주소
General Electric Company
대리인 / 주소
Coppa, Francis T.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
2인용 특허 :
26
초록▼
An apparatus for producing hydrogen gas wherein the apparatus includes a reactor. In one embodiment, the reactor includes at least two conversion-removal portions. Each conversion-removal portion comprises a catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2 and a membrane section locate
An apparatus for producing hydrogen gas wherein the apparatus includes a reactor. In one embodiment, the reactor includes at least two conversion-removal portions. Each conversion-removal portion comprises a catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2 and a membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the catalyst section. The membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a sweep gas.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from a fluid stream, comprising: a housing having an inlet near an upstream end and an outlet near a downstream end; a first conversion-removal portion located in the housing, near the inlet, and configured to receive a fluid stream fr
What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from a fluid stream, comprising: a housing having an inlet near an upstream end and an outlet near a downstream end; a first conversion-removal portion located in the housing, near the inlet, and configured to receive a fluid stream from the inlet, wherein the first conversion-removal portion comprises a first catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2; and a first membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the first catalyst section, wherein the first membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a first sweep gas; and a second conversion-removal portion located in the housing and downstream of the first conversion-removal portion, the second conversion-removal portion being configured to receive the stream from the first conversion-removal portion, wherein the second conversion-removal portion comprises a second catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2; and a second membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the second catalyst section, wherein the second membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a second sweep gas. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first catalyst section has a first catalyst region diameter and a first catalyst region volume that is greater than a second catalyst region diameter and a second catalyst region volume of the second catalyst section, and wherein the first membrane section has a first membrane region diameter and a first membrane region volume that is greater than a second membrane region diameter and a second membrane region volume of the second membrane section. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first conversion-removal portion has a greater total cross-sectional flow area than the second conversion-removal portion. 4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the apparatus is configured such that during use of the apparatus to convert CO to CO2 and remove the CO2 from the stream, an exit stream pressure of a H2 rich stream exiting the housing is within ±10% of a feed stream pressure of the stream entering the housing. 5. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the apparatus is configured such that greater than or equal to about 98% conversion of CO is attained using an amount of steam that is less than or equal to about 150% of a stoichiometric amount of steam. 6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the reactor is free of a heat exchanger. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first catalyst section is disposed in a spaced relationship to the first membrane section, the second catalyst section is disposed in a spaced relationship to the second membrane section, and the first conversion-removal portion is disposed in a spaced relationship to the second conversion-removal portion. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first membrane section is capable of operating at a different temperature than the second membrane section, and wherein at that different temperature, the first membrane section has a selectivity of CO2 over H2 of greater than or equal to about 25. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first catalyst section comprises a first catalyst comprising iron, wherein the second catalyst section comprises a second catalyst that is selected from the group consisting of palladium, platinum, rhodium, and combinations comprising at least one of the foregoing second catalysts; and wherein the first catalyst is different from the second catalyst. 10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the second catalyst comprises platinum. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third conversion-removal portion located in the housing and downstream of the second conversion-removal portion, the third conversion-removal portion being configured to receive the stream from the second conversion-removal portion, wherein the third conversion-removal portion comprises a third catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2; and a third membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the third catalyst section, wherein the third membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a third sweep gas. 12. The apparatus of claim 1, comprising a total of 3 to 10 conversion-removal portions. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first membrane section and/or the second membrane section are further configured to selectively remove H2S from the stream. 14. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first membrane section and/or the second membrane section comprises a plurality of membrane blocks, wherein each membrane block comprises a plurality of membrane tubes, and wherein each membrane block is located in a parallel flow relation to the other membrane blocks. 15. An apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from a fluid stream, comprising: a housing having an inlet near an upstream end and an outlet near a downstream end; a first conversion-removal portion located in the housing, near the inlet, and configured to receive a fluid stream from the inlet, wherein the first conversion-removal portion comprises a first catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2; and a first membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the first catalyst section, wherein the first membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a first sweep gas; a second conversion-removal portion located in the housing and downstream of the first conversion-removal portion, the second conversion-removal portion being configured to receive the stream from the first conversion-removal portion, wherein the second conversion-removal portion comprises a second catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2; and a second membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the second catalyst section, wherein the second membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a second sweep gas; and a third conversion-removal portion located in the housing and downstream of the second conversion-removal portion, the third conversion-removal portion being configured to receive the stream from the second conversion-removal portion, wherein the third conversion-removal portion comprises a third catalyst section configured to convert CO in the stream to CO2; and a third membrane section located downstream of and in flow communication with the third catalyst section, wherein the third membrane section is configured to selectively remove the CO2 from the stream and to be in flow communication with a third sweep gas; wherein the housing has a decreasing diameter such that a first diameter at the first conversion-removal portion is greater than a third diameter near the third conversion-removal portion.
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