초록

A modified graphite oxide material contains a thermally exfoliated graphite oxide with a surface area of from about 300 m2/g to 2600 m2/g, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide displays no signature of the original graphite and/or graphite oxide, as determined by X-ray diffraction.

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The invention claimed is: 1. A modified graphite oxide material, comprising: a thermally exfoliated graphite oxide having a surface area of from about 500 m2/g to 2600 m2/g, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a temperature of from 300 to 2000

The invention claimed is: 1. A modified graphite oxide material, comprising: a thermally exfoliated graphite oxide having a surface area of from about 500 m2/g to 2600 m2/g, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a temperature of from 300 to 2000° C. 2. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a bulk density of from about 40 kg/m3 to 0.1 kg/m3. 3. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a C/O ratio, after high temperature expansion, of from about 60/40 to 95/5. 4. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 3, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a C/O ratio, after high temperature expansion, of from about 65/35 to 85/15. 5. A thermally exfoliated graphite oxide produced by a process, comprising: (a) oxidizing graphite thereby obtaining graphite oxide with spatially expanded graphene interlayers; and (b) heating the graphite oxide at a temperature of from 300 to 2000° C. to cause decomposition and expansion of the graphite oxide; wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from about 500 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 6. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the oxidizing of the graphite results in substantially complete intercalation and oxidation of graphite. 7. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, which further comprises removing acids and salts from the graphene interlayers prior to heating the graphite oxide. 8. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, which further comprises drying the graphite oxide to remove excess water and/or solvent, prior to heating the graphite oxide. 9. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a bulk density of from about 40 kg/m3 to 0.1 kg/m3. 10. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a C/O ratio of from about 60/40 to 95/5. 11. A method for manufacturing a thermally exfoliated graphite oxide, comprising: (a) oxidizing graphite thereby obtaining graphite oxide with spatially expanded graphene interlayers; and (b) heating the graphite oxide at a temperature of from 300 to 2000° C. to cause decomposition and expansion of the graphite oxide; wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from about 400 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 12. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the oxidizing of the graphite results in substantially complete intercalation and oxidation of graphite. 13. The method as claimed in claim 11, which further comprises removing acids and salts from the graphene interlayers prior to heating the graphite oxide. 14. The method as claimed in claim 11, which further comprises drying the graphite oxide to remove excess water and/or solvent, prior to heating the graphite oxide. 15. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a bulk density of from about 40 kg/m3 to 0.1 kg/m3. 16. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a C/O ratio of from about 60/40 to 95/5. 17. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has an X-ray diffraction pattern in which the area under the diffraction peak between 2θ=12.5 and 14.5° is less than 15 percent of the total area under the diffraction peak between 2θ=9 and 21°. 18. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a rate of at least 120° C./min. 19. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a rate of at least 2000° C./min. 20. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 700 to 2000° C. 21. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 900 to 2000° C. 22. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 600 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 23. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 800 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 24. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 5 minutes. 25. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 1 minute. 26. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between a fraction of a second and about 1 second. 27. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 10 seconds. 28. The modified graphite oxide material as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide displays no signature of graphite and/or graphite oxide, as determined by X-ray diffraction. 29. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, having an X-ray diffraction pattern in which the area under the diffraction peak between 2θ=12.5 and 14.5° is less than 15 percent of the total area under the diffraction peak between 2θ=9 and 21°. 30. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a rate of at least 120° C./min. 31. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a rate of at least 2000° C./min. 32. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 700 to 2000° C. 33. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 900 to 2000° C. 34. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 600 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 35. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 800 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 36. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 5 minutes. 37. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 1 minute. 38. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 10 seconds. 39. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide displays no signature of graphite and/or graphite oxide, as determined by X-ray diffraction. 40. The thermally exfoliated graphite oxide as claimed in claim 5, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between a fraction of a second and about 1 second. 41. The method as claimed in claim 11, having an X-ray diffraction pattern in which the area under the diffraction peak between 2θ=12.5 and 14.5° is less than 15 percent of the total area under the diffraction peak between 2θ=9 and 21°. 42. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a rate of at least 120° C./min. 43. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide is obtained from heating graphite oxide at a rate of at least 2000° C./min. 44. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 700 to 2000° C. 45. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the heating is at a temperature of from 900 to 2000° C. 46. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 500 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 47. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 600 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 48. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the thermally exfoliated graphite oxide has a surface area of from 800 m2/g to 2600 m2/g. 49. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 5 minutes. 50. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 1 minute. 51. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between 1 second and 10 seconds. 52. The method as claimed in claim 11, wherein the graphite oxide is heated for between a fraction of a second and about 1 second. 53. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein said thermally exfoliated graphite oxide displays no signature of graphite and/or graphite oxide, as determined by X-ray diffraction.