초록

Composites and methods relating to the use of inventive aluminophosphate compounds and films thereof with glass, ceramic and non-oxide ceramic substrates.

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We claim: 1. A composite comprising a glass, a ceramic, or a glass-ceramic combination substrate and a substantially amorphous and substantially non-porous aluminum phosphate coating on the substrate in which an organic compound layer is chemically bonded onto the aluminum phosphate coating. 2. A

We claim: 1. A composite comprising a glass, a ceramic, or a glass-ceramic combination substrate and a substantially amorphous and substantially non-porous aluminum phosphate coating on the substrate in which an organic compound layer is chemically bonded onto the aluminum phosphate coating. 2. A composite of claim 1 in which the aluminum phosphate coating is formed by heating a complex formed by mixing alcoholic solutions of phosphate ester and aluminum salt. 3. A composite of claim 2 in which the complex formed by mixing alcoholic solutions of phosphate ester and aluminum salt does not contain halogen. 4. A composite of claim 1 in which the aluminum phosphate coating is formed by heating an alcoholic solution of phosphorus pentoxide and an aluminum salt. 5. A composite of claim 1 in which the aluminum salt does not contain halogen. 6. A composite of claim 1 in which the aluminum salt is aluminum nitrate. 7. A composite of claim 1 in which the coating is at least 80% transparent at wavelengths of about 250 to about 800 nm. 8. A composite of claim 1 which is hydrophobic. 9. A composite of claim 8 having a contact angle with water of at least fifty degrees. 10. A composite of claim 1 in which the organic compound is a fatty acid or an organosilane. 11. A composite of claim 1 in which the organic compound is absorbed from the atmosphere. 12. A composite of claim 1 in which the substrate is a ceramic, tile, alumina, porcelain enamel, mullite, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or combinations thereof. 13. A composite of claim 12 in which the substrate is a ceramic. 14. A composite of claim 12 in which the substrate is a non-oxide ceramic. 15. A composite of claim 12 in which the substrate is silicon carbide. 16. A composite of claim 12 in which the substrate is a ceramic tile. 17. A composite of claim 1 in which the substrate is a glass. 18. A composite of claim 17 in which the substrate is a soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass. 19. A composite of claim 1 in which the coating is less than 10 microns thick. 20. A composite of claim 1 in which the coating is 0.05 to 1 micron thick. 21. A composite of claim 1 in which the coating is a high emissivity coating. 22. A composite of claim 21 in which the coating contains submicron nanoparticle inclusions of a metal compound, a metal, or carbon. 23. A composite of claim 1 in which the coating contains less than 1 wt. % halogen. 24. A composite of claim 1 which is planarized. 25. A composite of claim 1 which is non-porous. 26. A composite comprising a glass, ceramic, or glass-ceramic combination substrate and a substantially amorphous and substantially non-porous aluminum phosphate coating on the substrate in which the coating has at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a transparent conducting oxide, an ultraviolet light absorbing component, an infra-red light absorbing component, and an infra-red light reflecting component. 27. A composite of claim 26 in which the substrate is a soda-lime glass, a borosilicate glass, or an aluminosilicate glass. 28. A composite of claim 26 in which the conducting oxide component is an indium tin oxide. 29. A composite of claim 26 in which the aluminum phosphate coating is formed by heating an alcoholic solution of phosphorus pentoxide and an aluminum salt. 30. A composite of claim 26 in which the aluminum phosphate coating is formed by heating a complex formed by mixing alcoholic solutions of phosphate ester and aluminum salt. 31. A composite of claim 26 in which the substrate is a glass. 32. A composite of claim 26 in which the substrate is a soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass. 33. A composite of claim 26 in which the coating is hydrophobic. 34. A composite comprising a glass, a ceramic, or a glass-ceramic combination substrate and a substantially amorphous and substantially non-porous aluminum phosphate coating on the substrate in which the coating contains [—PO4—AlO4—AlO6—AlO4—PO4—] fragments. 35. A composite of claim 34 in which the substrate is a ceramic. 36. A composite of claim 34 in which the substrate is a non-oxide ceramic. 37. A composite of claim 34 in which the substrate is ceramic, tile, alumina, porcelain enamel, mullite, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, or combinations thereof. 38. A composite of claim 34 in which the substrate is silicon carbide. 39. A composite of claim 34 in which the substrate is a glass. 40. A composite of claim 39 in which the substrate is a soda-lime glass, borosilicate glass, or aluminosilicate glass. 41. A composite of claim 34 in which the coating is less than 10 microns thick. 42. A composite of claim 34 in which the coating is 0.05 to 1 micron thick. 43. A composite of claim 34 in which the coating contains submicron nanoparticle inclusions of a metal compound, a metal, or carbon. 44. A composite of claim 34 in which the coating contains submicron nanoparticle inclusions of carbon.