A container for thermal conditioning of a fluid under pressure, use of the container for thermally conditioning a fluid under pressure, a chemical reactor including the container and a polymerization process using the reactor, and a method of producing the container and the reactor. The container is
A container for thermal conditioning of a fluid under pressure, use of the container for thermally conditioning a fluid under pressure, a chemical reactor including the container and a polymerization process using the reactor, and a method of producing the container and the reactor. The container is bounded over at least part of its surface facing the outside by at least one external plate and facing the inside by at least one internal plate, the external plate being thicker than the internal plate, the external plate and the internal plate being joined together in places to define a space between joints for circulation of a heat-transfer fluid and the container including a mechanism to adjust the pressure of the heat-transfer fluid to that of the fluid under pressure.
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The invention claimed is: 1. A container for thermal conditioning of a fluid under pressure, the container comprising: over at least a portion of its surface facing its exterior at least one external plate; and over at least a portion of its surface facing its interior at least one internal plate,
The invention claimed is: 1. A container for thermal conditioning of a fluid under pressure, the container comprising: over at least a portion of its surface facing its exterior at least one external plate; and over at least a portion of its surface facing its interior at least one internal plate, the external plate being thicker than the internal plate, the external plate and the internal plate being joined together in places so as to define a space between joints configured to receive circulation of a heat-transfer fluid, and the container including means for adjusting the pressure of the heat-transfer fluid to that of the fluid under pressure, wherein the internal plate includes first portions facing the interior of the container that are convex relative to the interior of the container, and wherein the internal plate includes second portions facing the interior of the container that are concave relative to the interior of the container. 2. The container according to claim 1, in which the joints are laser welded joints. 3. The container according to claim 1, in which the internal plate is tangential to the external plate at the joints. 4. The container according to claim 1, in which the internal plate has a thickness of at most 2.5 mm. 5. The container according to claim 1, which is substantially in a form of a cylinder of revolution. 6. A method comprising: thermal conditioning a fluid under pressure in the container according to claim 1. 7. A chemical reactor comprising the container according to claim 1. 8. The reactor according to claim 7, wherein the reactor is a polymerization reactor. 9. The reactor according to claim 8, wherein the reactor has a volume of at least 20 m3. 10. The reactor according to claim 8, wherein the reactor is a reactor for polymerizing vinyl chloride. 11. A process comprising: performing polymerization in a chemical reactor according to claim 8. 12. A method for producing a container according to claim 1 comprising: (1) placing first and second plates face to face, the first plate being thicker than the second plate; (2) welding together the first and second plates on their perimeters, leaving an unwelded zone; (3) next, welding together the first and second plates to produce a desired geometry of circulation channels; (4) forming the first and second welded plates into a desired form to define a volume, and placing the first plate facing the volume's exterior as an external plate, and placing the second plate facing the volume's interior as an internal plate; and (5) injecting, via an unwelded zone in the perimeter, a fluid under pressure into the space between the first and second welded plates so as to create a space between the joints for circulation of the heat-transfer fluid; and (6) attaching to the container means for adjusting the pressure of the heat-transfer fluid to that of the fluid under pressure. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein the first and second plates are welded at (2) and (3) by laser welding. 14. The method according to claim 12, wherein the welding (3) is carried out so as to define vertical channels or horizontal channels. 15. The method according to claim 12, wherein a surface treatment is carried out on the surface of the internal plate prior to the injecting (5) of injecting the fluid under pressure. 16. The method according to claim 12, further comprising closing the container, at least partly, before the injecting (5). 17. The method according to claim 12, further comprising closing the container, at least partly, after the injecting (5). 18. The method according to claim 12, wherein the injecting (5) comprises forming first portions of the thinner plate as curved portions that are convex toward the interior of the volume, and forming second portions of the inner plate as curved portions that are concave toward the interior of the volume. 19. The container according to claim 1, wherein the first and second portions alternate with each other. 20. The container according to claim 1, wherein the first and second portions face each other across the internal volume. 21. A container for thermal conditioning of a fluid under pressure, the container comprising: over at least a portion of its surface facing its exterior at least one external plate; and over at least a portion of its surface facing its interior at least one internal plate, the external plate being thicker than the internal plate, the external plate and the internal plate being joined together in places so as to define a space between joints configured to receive circulation of a heat-transfer fluid and the container including means for adjusting the pressure of the heat-transfer fluid to that of the fluid under pressure, wherein the space defined between the joints for the circulation of the heat-transfer fluid includes vertical channels, and wherein an angle in this space between a tangent to one of the points of inflection of the internal plate and a tangent to the external plate at the corresponding joint, the tangents being taken in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the cylindrical portion of the container, is less than or equal to 80°.
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