Methods and systems for advanced gasifier solids removal
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C01B-003/36
B01J-004/00
B01J-008/00
출원번호
UP-0356266
(2006-02-16)
등록번호
US-7744663
(2010-07-19)
발명자
/ 주소
Wallace, Paul Steven
출원인 / 주소
General Electric Company
대리인 / 주소
Armstrong Teasdale LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
28인용 특허 :
17
초록▼
Methods and systems for a gasifier solids removal system are provided. The system includes a down flow combustor including an inlet and an outlet and a combustion zone extending therebetween, the combustor configured to direct a flow of process material including syngas, flowable slag, and particula
Methods and systems for a gasifier solids removal system are provided. The system includes a down flow combustor including an inlet and an outlet and a combustion zone extending therebetween, the combustor configured to direct a flow of process material including syngas, flowable slag, and particulates in a first downward direction, a plurality of flow passages in serial flow communication including a first flow passage and a second flow passage, wherein the process material flow reverses direction flowing from the first passage to the second passage, and a plurality of entrainment separation stages in serial flow communication with at least one of the plurality of flow passages.
대표청구항▼
What is claimed is: 1. A gasifier comprising: a shell comprising a gas output passage defined through a lower portion of said shell; a down flow combustor defined within said shell, said combustor comprising an inlet, an outlet, and a combustion zone extending between said inlet and said outlet, sa
What is claimed is: 1. A gasifier comprising: a shell comprising a gas output passage defined through a lower portion of said shell; a down flow combustor defined within said shell, said combustor comprising an inlet, an outlet, and a combustion zone extending between said inlet and said outlet, said combustor configured to direct a flow of process material comprising syngas, flowable slag, and particulates in a downward direction; a plurality of annular flow passages in serial flow communication and positioned substantially concentrically about said combustor, said plurality of passages comprising a first flow passage and a second flow passage, said first and second flow passages positioned in series between said combustor and said shell along a radius of said shell, wherein the process material flows in an upward direction through the first passage into the second passage; an up-flow passage defined at least partially between said shell and an outer wall of said second flow passage and oriented such that the process material flows in a downward direction through the second passage and into the up-flow passage; and a plurality of entrainment separation stages in serial flow communication with at least the second flow passage, at least one of said plurality of entrainment separation stages is positioned within said up-flow passage, at least one stage of said plurality of entrainment separation stages comprising a water trough at least partially circumscribing said shell between said second passage and said up-flow passage, said water trough having a bottom formed of a perforated plate and configured to maintain a level of water above said bottom, wherein substantially all the flow of process material from said second passage flows through perforations in said bottom and said level of water. 2. A gasifier in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a lockhopper proximate said combustor outlet, said lockhopper configured to receive the flowable slag and a portion of the particulates. 3. A gasifier in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a lockhopper proximate said combustor outlet, said lockhopper configured to transport the flowable slag and a portion of the particulates outside said gasifier shell while maintaining a level of water in said lockhopper. 4. A gasifier in accordance with claim 1 further comprising a bottom shell assembly comprising a bottom shell, a sump within said bottom shell, and a lockhopper adjacent said sump and oriented in alignment with said combustor outlet, said sump and said lockhopper coupled in flow communication by a gap between said bottom shell and a sidewall of said lockhopper. 5. A gasifier in accordance with claim 1 wherein the process material flows in the downward direction through said second flow passage, said system further comprising a water spray proximate an outlet of said second flow passage, said spray configured to at least one of desuperheat the flow of the process material exiting said second flow passage, amalgamate particles entrained in the flow of the process material, and vaporize at least a portion of the spray. 6. A gasifier in accordance with claim 1, wherein said plurality of entrainment separation stages comprise an entrainment separator comprising at least one of a cyclonic separator, a centrifugal separator, a mesh separator, a chevron separator, and an impingement separator. 7. A gasifier in accordance with claim 1, wherein said plurality of entrainment separation stages further comprise a water spray proximate an outlet of the second flow passage and an entrainment separator coupled in serial flow communication. 8. A gasification system comprising: a pressure vessel comprising an outlet passage at a bottom portion of said pressure vessel; a combustor within said pressure vessel, said combustor configured to direct products of combustion to said outlet passage; and a fuel injection system configured to inject a fuel into said combustor; wherein said pressure vessel further comprises: a plurality of annular flow passages in serial flow communication and positioned substantially concentrically about said combustor, said plurality of passages comprising a first flow passage and a second flow passage, said first and second flow passages coupled in series between said combustor and said pressure vessel along a radius of said pressure vessel, wherein process materials flow in an upward direction through said first passage and into said second passage; a sump positioned proximate the outlet passage; a lockhopper adjacent said sump, said lockhopper configured to transfer solid combustion products from said combustor to an exterior of said pressure vessel; and an up-flow passage defined at least partially between a wall of said pressure vessel and an outer wall of said second flow passage, said up-flow passage oriented such that process materials are discharged downwardly direction through the second passage and into the up-flow passage, said up-flow passage comprising a multi-stage entrainment separator positioned within said up-flow passage, at least one stage of said plurality of entrainment separation stages comprising a water trough at least partially circumscribing said shell between said second passage and said up-flow passage, said water trough having a bottom formed of a perforated plate and configured to maintain a level of water above said bottom, wherein substantially all the flow of process material from said second passage flows through perforations in said bottom and said level of water. 9. A gasification system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said multi-stage entrainment separator comprises at least one of a spray and a mesh separator. 10. A gasification system in accordance with claim 8 wherein said multi-stage entrainment separator further comprises a spray and a mesh separator in serial flow communication. 11. A gasification system in accordance with claim 8 wherein at least one of said flow passages is configured to reverse a flow of the products of combustion and substantially simultaneously reduce the velocity of the flow of the products of combustion to such that entrained particles are facilitated being removed from the flow of the products of combustion. 12. A gasification system in accordance with claim 8 further comprising a spray of water through which the flow of the products of combustion are channeled to at least one of desuperheat the products of combustion, amalgamate particles entrained in the products of combustion, and vaporize at least a portion of the spray. 13. A gasification system in accordance with claim 8 further comprising a bottom shell assembly comprising a bottom shell, said sump within said bottom shell, and said lockhopper adjacent said sump and oriented in alignment with an outlet of said combustor, said sump and said lockhopper coupled in flow communication by a gap between said bottom shell and a sidewall of said lockhopper.
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