An image forming state detection device comprises a micro-lens array that is disposed at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance and includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed with a predetermined pitch, a light-receiving port
An image forming state detection device comprises a micro-lens array that is disposed at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance and includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed with a predetermined pitch, a light-receiving portion array that includes a plurality of light-receiving portions each corresponding to one of the micro-lenses in the micro-lens array and receives an image on the predetermined focal plane via the individual micro-lenses, a signal string extracting means that extracts a pair of signal strings corresponding to images, formed with light fluxes having passed through different pupil areas of the image forming optical system, based upon light reception outputs obtained from the plurality of light-receiving portions, and an image forming state calculating means that calculates an image forming state at the image forming optical system by detecting an offset with regard to the phases of the pair of signal strings extracted by the signal string extracting means.
대표청구항▼
The invention claimed is: 1. An image forming state detection device, comprising: a micro-lens array that includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed with a predetermined pitch at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance; a plu
The invention claimed is: 1. An image forming state detection device, comprising: a micro-lens array that includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed with a predetermined pitch at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance; a plurality of light-receiving element arrays each of which includes a plurality of light-receiving elements, each of the light-receiving elements outputting photoelectric conversion signal, each of the light-receiving element arrays being disposed corresponding to each of the micro-lenses; a first forming circuit that forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element array corresponding to one of the micro-lenses, and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element array corresponding to another micro-lens; a second forming circuit that executes a process in which with regard to each of the plurality of the micro-lenses, signals a(i) and b(i) are extracted from the photoelectric conversion signals output from two of the light-receiving elements disposed at a predetermined position among the light-receiving element array corresponding to ith micro-lens, and that forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals a(i) and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals b(i); and an image forming state calculating circuit that selects one of the first and second signal strings formed by the first forming circuit and the first and second signal strings formed by the second forming circuit based upon a predetermined decision-making criterion, and calculates an image forming state of the image forming optical system at the predetermined focal plane by detecting an offset based upon the selected first and second signal strings. 2. An image forming state detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the second forming circuit extracts the signals a(i) and b(i) by selecting specific light reception outputs corresponding to light fluxes passed through a same portion of a pupil of the image forming optical system at each of the plurality of light-receiving elements disposed in conjunction with each of the micro-lenses. 3. An image forming state detection device according to claim 2, wherein: the light-receiving element array includes a first array group with the plurality of light-receiving elements disposed along a first direction and a second array group with the plurality of light-receiving elements disposed along a second direction different from the first direction. 4. An image forming state detection device according to claim 1, wherein: a pitch Pd of images of the plurality of light-receiving elements reverse-projected onto the predetermined focal plane via the micro-lenses is smaller than a pitch P of the micro-lenses. 5. An image forming state detection device according to claim 1, wherein: the light-receiving element array includes light-receiving elements having different spectral sensitivity characteristics. 6. An image forming state detection device according to claim 5, wherein: light-receiving elements having specific spectral sensitivity characteristics are arrayed with a higher level of density than light-receiving elements having other spectral characteristics. 7. An image forming state detection device according to claim 6, wherein: sizes of the light-receiving elements having different spectral characteristics are different from one another. 8. A camera equipped with an internal focal point detection device constituted with the image forming state detection device according to claim 1. 9. A light receiving unit, comprising the micro-lens array and the light-receiving element array in the image forming state detection device according to claim 1. 10. An image forming state detection device, comprising: a micro-lens array that includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed with a predetermined pitch at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance, the specific distance being determined based upon a pitch with which the micro-lenses are arrayed and a size of the portion of the pupil; a plurality of light-receiving element arrays each of which includes a plurality of light-receiving elements, each of the light-receiving elements outputting a photoelectric conversion signal, each of the light-receiving element arrays being disposed corresponding to each of the micro-lenses; a first forming circuit that forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element array corresponding to one of the micro-lenses, and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element array corresponding to another micro-lens; a second forming circuit that executes a process in which with regard to each of the plurality of the micro-lenses, signals a(i) and b(i) are extracted from the photoelectric conversion signals output from two of the light-receiving elements disposed at a predetermined position among the light-receiving element array corresponding to ith micro-lens, and forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals a(i) and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals b(i); and an image forming state calculating circuit that selects one of the first and second signal strings formed by the first forming circuit and the first and selects one of the second signal strings formed by the second signal forming circuit based upon a predetermined decision-making criterion, and calculates an image forming state of the image forming optical system at the predetermined focal plane by detecting an offset based upon the selected first and second signal strings. 11. An image forming state detection device according to claim 2, wherein: the specific distance L is determined based upon a pitch with which the micro-lenses are arrayed and a size of the portion of the pupil. 12. An image forming state detection device according to claim 10, wherein: with P representing the pitch with which the micro-lenses are arrayed, Fp representing an F value in relation to light fluxes from the portion of the pupil that enter one of the light-receiving elements and Q representing a number of portions of the pupil defined when the F value in relation to the light fluxes from the portions of the pupil is 2, the specific distance L is expressed as; P×Fp>L≧P×Fp/(Q−4). 13. An image forming state detection device, comprising: a micro-lens array that includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed with a predetermined pitch at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance; a light-receiving element array that includes a plurality of light-receiving element groups, each of which is constituted of a plurality of light-receiving elements, each of the light-receiving elements outputting a photoelectric conversion signal, each of the light-receiving element groups being disposed corresponding to each of the micro-lenses; a first forming circuit that forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from one of the light-receiving element groups corresponding to one of the micro-lenses, and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element groups corresponding to another micro-lens; a second forming circuit that executes a process in which with regard to each of the plurality of the micro-lenses, signals a(i) and b(i) are extracted from the photoelectric conversion signals output from two of the light-receiving elements disposed at a predetermined position among the light-receiving element group corresponding to ith micro-lens, and that forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals a(i) and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals b(i); an image forming state calculating circuit that selects one of the first and second signal strings formed by the first forming circuit and the first and second signal strings formed by the second signal forming circuit based upon a predetermined decision-making criterion, and calculates an image forming state of the image forming optical system at the predetermined focal plane by detecting an offset based upon the selected first and second signal strings. 14. An image forming state detection device, comprising: a micro-lens array that includes a plurality of micro-lenses arrayed at a position set apart from a predetermined focal plane of an image forming optical system by a specific distance; a light-receiving element array that includes first light-receiving element array groups with a plurality of light-receiving elements disposed along a first direction and second light-receiving element array groups with the plurality of light-receiving elements disposed along a second direction different from the first direction, each of the light-receiving elements outputting a photoelectric conversion signal, each of the light-receiving element array groups being disposed corresponding to each of the micro-lenses; a first forming circuit that forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element array groups corresponding to one of the micro-lenses, and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the photoelectric conversion signals output from the light-receiving element array groups corresponding to the other micro-lens; a second forming circuit that executes a process in which with regard to each of the plurality of the micro-lenses, signals a(i) and b(i) are extracted from the photoelectric conversion signals output from two of the light-receiving elements disposed at a predetermined position among the light-receiving element group corresponding to ith micro-lens, and forms a first signal string (a(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals a(i) and a second signal string (b(i):i=1, 2, 3, 4, . . . ) including the signals b(i); an image forming state calculating circuit that selects one of the first and second signal strings formed by the first forming circuit and the first and second signal strings formed by the second signal forming circuit based upon a predetermined decision-making criterion, and calculates an image forming state of the image forming optical system at the predetermined focal plane by detecting an offset based upon the selected first and second signal strings. 15. An image forming state detection device according to claim 14, wherein: light-receiving element/micro-lens pairs made up with the light-receiving elements disposed along the first direction and micro-lenses corresponding to the light-receiving elements,/and light-receiving element/micro-lens pairs made up with the light-receiving elements disposed along the second direction and micro-lenses corresponding to the light-receiving elements are set so as to achieve a checkerboard pattern. 16. An image forming state detection device according to claim 14, wherein: the first light-receiving element array group and the second light-receiving element array group are set so as to achieve a checkerboard pattern. 17. An image forming state detection device according to claim 14, wherein: the micro-lenses corresponding to the first light-receiving element array group and the micro-lenses corresponding to the second light-receiving element array group are each arrayed with a different pitch. 18. An image forming state detection device according to claim 14, wherein: the light-receiving elements in the first array group each assume a range along the first direction, the range being greater than a range assumed by the light-receiving elements in the second array group along the second direction. 19. An image forming state detection device according to claim 14, wherein: the first light-receiving element array group includes a plurality of light receiving array groups having different spectral sensitivity characteristics. 20. An image forming state detection device according to claim 19, wherein: the plurality of light-receiving array groups each include light-receiving elements having specific spectral sensitivity characteristics.
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