초록 ▼

A flow controller adapted to control a flow of fluid within the flow controller, the flow controller having a flow path adapted to convey said fluid, wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow path varies along the flow path and wherein in at least a portion of its length the flow controller compr

A flow controller adapted to control a flow of fluid within the flow controller, the flow controller having a flow path adapted to convey said fluid, wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow path varies along the flow path and wherein in at least a portion of its length the flow controller comprises an active surface capable of influencing the fluid flow through the flow path to cause vortical motion of the fluid within the fluid pathway.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. A method for altering a flow of fluid, the method comprising: receiving fluid from a fluid source, receipt of the fluid occurring at a fluid flow control apparatus; inducing the fluid received from the fluid source to have a rotational motion about an axis via a flow path of

What is claimed is: 1. A method for altering a flow of fluid, the method comprising: receiving fluid from a fluid source, receipt of the fluid occurring at a fluid flow control apparatus; inducing the fluid received from the fluid source to have a rotational motion about an axis via a flow path of the fluid flow control apparatus, the flow path situated between an inlet and an outlet of the fluid flow control apparatus, the flow path including a cross-sectional area that progressively decreases from the inlet to a region of maximum constriction and progressively increases from the region of maximum constriction to the outlet, wherein the cross-sectional area includes both a region of increasing diameter and a region of decreasing diameter between the inlet and the region of maximum constriction and further includes both a region of increasing diameter and a region of decreasing diameter between the region of maximum constriction and the outlet; and expelling from the fluid flow control apparatus the fluid received from the fluid source, the expelled fluid including a vortical motion resulting from the induced rotation about the axis, and wherein a pressure differentiation is induced in the fluid between the receipt and expulsion of the fluid, the differentiation induced while the fluid traverses the fluid flow control apparatus. 2. The method of claim 1, further including accelerating the flow of fluid as a result of the pressure differentiation induced between the receipt and expulsion of the fluid. 3. The method of claim 1, further including decelerating the flow of fluid as a result of the pressure differentiation induced between the receipt and expulsion of the fluid. 4. The method of claim 1, further including accelerating and decelerating the flow of fluid as a result of the pressure differentiation induced between the receipt and expulsion of the fluid. 5. A fluid flow control apparatus for altering a flow of fluid, the fluid flow control apparatus comprising: an inlet configured to receive fluid from a fluid source; an outlet configured to expel the fluid received from the fluid source; and a flow path situated between the inlet and the outlet and within a body of the fluid flow controller apparatus, the flow path including a cross-sectional area that progressively decreases from the inlet to a region of maximum constriction and progressively increases from the region of maximum constriction to the outlet, wherein the cross-sectional area includes both a region of increasing diameter and a region of decreasing diameter between the inlet and the region of maximum constriction and further includes both a region of increasing diameter and a region of decreasing diameter between the region of maximum constriction and the outlet, the cross-sectional area varying along the length of the flow path thereby inducing pressure differentiation within the body of the fluid flow control apparatus, the flow path configured to convey the fluid from the inlet to the outlet and wherein at least a portion of the length of the body includes an internal surface area configured to induce a rotational motion about an axis as the fluid traverses the flow path thereby resulting in a vortical motion in the fluid as the fluid is expelled from the outlet. 6. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein at least a portion of the internal surface area substantially conforms to a logarithmic curve, wherein the radius of the logarithmic curve measured at equiangular radii unfolds at a constant order of growth. 7. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein a portion of the cross-sectional area of the flow path varies logarithmically and the radius of the logarithmic variation measured at equiangular radii unfolds at a constant order of growth. 8. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the cross-sectional area of the flow path causes a logarithmic variance in the incremental volume of the flow path. 9. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the phylum Mollusca. 10. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the genera Volutidea. 11. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the vortical motion in the fluid expelled from the outlet is further substantially radially laminar. 12. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the inlet is configured to receive a pressurized fluid source. 13. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the vortical motion of the fluid expelled from the outlet reduces turbulence in the flow of fluid. 14. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the vortical motion of the fluid expelled from the outlet reduces friction in the flow of fluid. 15. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the outlet is configured to generate a diverging vortical stream. 16. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the flow path is transversely diverted with respect to the received fluid. 17. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the class Gastropoda. 18. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the class Cephalopoda. 19. The fluid flow apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the genera Argonauta. 20. The fluid flow apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the genera Nautilus. 21. The fluid flow apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the genera Conidea. 22. The fluid flow apparatus of claim 5, wherein the internal surface area substantially conforms to the external or interior configuration of a shell of the genera Turbinidea. 23. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the variance in the cross-sectional area includes an increase along the length of the flow path from the inlet to the outlet. 24. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 5, wherein the flow path is configured in a spiral. 25. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 24, wherein the spiral is a logarithmic helix. 26. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 24, wherein the spiral is a volute. 27. The fluid flow control apparatus of claim 24, wherein the spiral is a whorl.