초록 ▼

A system, method, device, and process for making and using an electromagnetic-sensitive biosensor on a biosensor disk to identify and classify an analyte in a sample. The biosensor of the biosensor disk is exposed to a sample containing analytes and a desired analyte adheres to the biosensor. The bi

A system, method, device, and process for making and using an electromagnetic-sensitive biosensor on a biosensor disk to identify and classify an analyte in a sample. The biosensor of the biosensor disk is exposed to a sample containing analytes and a desired analyte adheres to the biosensor. The biosensor disk is rotated during operation and an electromagnetic emitter directs an electromagnetic radiation beam at the biosensor disk. The returned electromagnetic radiation from the biosensor disk is received by a sensor that converts the returned electromagnetic radiation into a signal to indicate the presence of the desired analyte in the sample.

대표청구항 ▼

What is claimed is: 1. A system for detecting one or more analytes in a sample using a biosensor, comprising: a biosensor disk, with an outer surface and a layer encoded with a data path capable of being read by an electromagnetic radiation incident upon said layer, said data path encoded with a ba

What is claimed is: 1. A system for detecting one or more analytes in a sample using a biosensor, comprising: a biosensor disk, with an outer surface and a layer encoded with a data path capable of being read by an electromagnetic radiation incident upon said layer, said data path encoded with a baseline data that is static; a detector chamber disposed along said data path, said detector chamber having a surface for affixing detector ligands, said surface distinct from said layer encoded with said data path; a detector ligand adapted to bind with an analyte, said detector ligand affixed to said surface for affixing detector ligands of said detector chamber, wherein said detector ligand when bound to an analyte creates a detectable change to said electromagnetic radiation; and a disk system adapted to accept and rotate said biosensor disk, comprising a source of said electromagnetic radiation focused on said layer encoded with said data path of said biosensor disk, and a sensor adapted to detect said electromagnetic radiation returned from said layer encoded with said data path of said biosensor disk and convert said electromagnetic radiation into an electrical signal. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein said detectable change is selected from the group consisting of: a change in reflection of said electromagnetic radiation, a change in transmission of said electromagnetic radiation, a change in absorption of said electromagnetic radiation, a change in refraction of said electromagnetic radiation, a change in polarization of said electromagnetic radiation, a change in dispersion of said electromagnetic radiation, and a change in diffraction of said electromagnetic radiation. 3. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector chamber is between about 300 nm to about 3000 nm along said data path, wherein said data path is further comprised of a plurality of physical tracks, and wherein said detector chamber is disposed along said data path to interrupt more than one of said physical tracks. 4. The system of claim 1, wherein said data path is encoded with a baseline data to provide a continuous discriminating signal, and said detector chamber is disposed on said data path such that said detector ligand when bound to said analyte changes said electromagnetic radiation returned from said biosensor disk such that a detectable signal change occurs in said electronic signal compared to said electronic signal produced by said baseline data. 5. The system of claim 4, wherein said detectable signal change to said electronic signal appears as a change in said baseline data. 6. The system of claim 1, further comprising: a threshold circuit to quantize said electrical signal into a binary representation of said electrical signal; and a digital circuit to construct a digital word from said binary representation and further comprising a CIRC encoder, a first error correction stage, and a second error correction stage that construct a decoded frame from multiple said digital words and outputs errors from said first error correction stage and said second error correction stage. 7. The system of claim 6, wherein said detector chamber is disposed on said data path such that said detector ligand when bound to said analyte changes said electromagnetic radiation returned from said biosensor disk such that a detectable signal change occurs in said electronic signal compared to said electronic signal produced by said baseline data, and said detectable signal change is selected from the group consisting of: an increase in said output errors from said first correction stage, an increase in said output errors from said second correction stage, an increase in said output errors from said first correction stage and said second correction stage, a change in said information of said decoded frame, and an unrecoverable error that results in said decoded frame being improperly reconstructed. 8. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector chambers are oriented on said biosensor disk relative to said data path such that when said electrical signal is transformed into an audio signal, said audio signal varies relative to the number of said detector ligands in said detector chamber that are bound to the analyte. 9. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector chamber is disposed on said outer surface of said biosensor disk and said detector chamber is orientated between said source of electromagnetic radiation and said data path. 10. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector chambers are disposed on a separate detector substrate and further comprising an interlocking feature on said biosensor disk adapted to accept a corresponding mating feature on said separate detector substrate and align said separate detector substrate with said data path. 11. The system of claim 1, further comprising a fluidic passage embedded within said biosensor disk wherein said fluidic passage is in fluidic association with said detection chamber. 12. The system of claim 11 wherein said fluidic passage is selected from the group consisting of an input hub chamber, a top surface input passage, a bottom surface input passage, an interchamber fluidic passage, and an edge exhaust passage. 13. The system of claim 11, wherein said fluidic passage is contained within said biosensor disk and fluidly associates said detector chamber with said outer surface. 14. The system of claim 11, further comprising an input hub chamber adapted to accept the sample, said fluidic passage fluidly connecting said input hub chamber to said detector chamber. 15. The system of claim 1, wherein said biosensor disk further comprises at least one fluidic control device selected from the group consisting of: a filtration block, a removable barrier, a passive heater, an electrophoretic element, an active heater, an input hub chamber, a top surface input passage, a bottom surface input passage, an interchamber fluidic passage, and an edge exhaust passage. 16. The system of claim 1, whereby said rotating of said biosensor disk by said disk system urges the sample to flow in a fluidic passage embedded within said biosensor disk. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein said biosensor disk further comprises: an inner hub disposed at the center of said biosensor disk; and an input hub chamber fluidly connected to said detector chambers and adapted to accept the sample. 18. The system of claim 1, whereby said biosensor disk with said detector ligands is exposed to the sample and processed so as to encourage binding of the analyte to said detector ligands. 19. The system of claim 1, wherein said biosensor disk further comprises: a first logical data track, a second logical data track, and a third logical data track on said data path; a first detector chamber disposed on said first logical data track, a second detector chamber is disposed on said second logical data track, and a third detector chamber disposed on said third logical data track; a first detector ligand affixed to said first detector chamber, said first detector ligand adapted to bind with a first analyte and a second analyte, wherein said first detector ligand when bound to the first analyte and the second analyte creates a first detectable change to said electromagnetic radiation; a second detector ligand affixed to said second detector chamber, said second detector ligand adapted to bind with the second analyte and a third analyte, wherein said second detector ligand when bound to the second analyte and the third analyte creates a second detectable change to said electromagnetic radiation; a third detector ligand affixed to said third detector chamber, said third detector ligand adapted to bind with the first analyte and the third analyte, wherein said third detector ligand when bound to the first analyte and the third analyte creates a third detectable change to said electromagnetic radiation; and a means for discriminating between said first detectable change, said second detectable change, and said third detectable change to identify the presence of the first analyte, the second analyte, and the third analyte. 20. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector ligand binds the analyte, and wherein said detector ligand is selected from the group consisting of: an atividin-biotin receptor, a peptide, an olglionucleotide, cDNA, and a chelating agent. 21. The system of claim 1, wherein said detector chamber is adapted to be placed within said biosensor disk and wherein said detector chamber is fabricated from a material selected from the group consisting of: a polymer, and a silicon substrate. 22. A method for detecting an analyte in a sample, comprising: (a) introducing the sample to a biosensor disk, wherein said biosensor disk is comprised of a layer having a data path encoded with a baseline data that is static and a detector chamber disposed along said data path, said detector chamber having a surface for affixing detector ligands that is distinct from said layer encoded with said data path, said detector chamber further comprising a detector ligand adapted to bind with the analyte, said detector ligand affixed to said surface for affixing detector ligands of said detector chamber; (b) urging the sample into said detector chamber; (c) binding the analyte to said detector ligand disposed in said detector chamber to create a bound detector ligand, whereby said bound detector ligand in said detector chamber creates a detectable change to an electromagnetic radiation incident upon said bound detector ligand; (d) placing said biosensor disk in a disk system; (e) rotating said biosensor disk with said disk system; (f) emitting said electromagnetic radiation from said disk system focused on said layer encoded with said data path on said biosensor disk; (g) receiving a returned electromagnetic radiation from said layer encoded with said data path of said biosensor disk; and (h) interpreting a change in said returned electromagnetic radiation caused by said detectable change to indicate the presence of said bound detector ligand. 23. The method of claim 22, wherein said biosensor disk further comprises a fluid control structure selected from the group consisting of a filtration block, a removable barrier, a passive heater, an electrophoretic element, an active heater, an input hub chamber, a top surface input passage, a bottom surface input passage, an interchamber fluidic passage, and an edge exhaust passage, and wherein said fluid control structure is embedded within the structure of the biosensor disk and wherein said fluidic control structure is utilized in said (b) urging the sample. 24. The method of claim 22, wherein said (b) urging the sample is accomplished by the rotation of the biosensor disk. 25. The method of claim 22, wherein said (h) interpreting a change further comprises a means of outputting said detectable change as an audible signal.