[특허]High expansion fuel injection slot jet and method for enhancing mixing in premixing devices

General Electric Company

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특허 상세정보

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High expansion fuel injection slot jet and method for enhancing mixing in premixing devices

특허상세정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	F02C-001/00 F02G-003/00
미국특허분류(USC)	060/737; 060/738; 060/748; 060/752
출원번호	UP-0558760 (2006-11-10)
등록번호	US-7832212 (2011-01-16)
발명자 / 주소	Bunker, Ronald Scott
출원인 / 주소	General Electric Company
대리인 / 주소	Global Patent Operation
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 5 인용 특허 : 4

초록
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A premixing device includes an air inlet, at least one fuel inlet slot having a wall profile configured to form a fuel boundary layer along a portion of a wall of the premixing device, a mixing chamber, and at least one diverging fuel injection slot jet disposed inside the at least one fuel inlet slot, the slot jet being configured to create a flow separation region in a diverging portion thereof to generate mixing turbulence at an outlet of the slot jet to aerodynamically enhance a mixing of the fuel from the boundary layer with compressed air without causing a boundary layer flow separation and a flame holding in the mixing chamber. Low-emission combustors, gas turbine combustors, methods for premixing a fuel and an oxidizer in a combustion system, a gas turbine, and a gas to liquid system using the premixing device are also disclosed.

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What is claimed is: 1. A premixing device, comprising: an air inlet; a plurality of fuel inlet slots disposed around a circumference of the the premixing device and in flow communication with an end portion of the air inlet, the fuel inlet slots including a wall profile configured to form a fuel boundary layer along a portion of an inside wall of the premixing device; a mixing chamber where compressed air from the air inlet is mixed with fuel from the boundary layer, the mixing chamber being disposed downstream of the air inlet and the fuel inlet slots; and at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet, the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet disposed inside each fuel inlet slot, the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet being configured to create a flow separation region inside a portion thereof, the flow separation region being confined to the diverging portion of the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet and being configured to generate mixing turbulence at an outlet of the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet to aerodynamically enhance a mixing of the fuel from the boundary layer with the compressed air without causing a boundary layer flow separation and a flame holding in the mixing chamber. 2. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the wall profile is configured to deflect the fuel supplied through a plurality of fuel inlet slots towards the wall profile by a Coanda effect and the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet comprises an inlet, a throat, a top wall, a bottom wall, and sidewalls, the sidewalls being shaped laterally to form a converging portion from the inlet to the throat and a diverging portion extending downstream of the throat to the outlet. 3. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein a height of the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet measured in a direction perpendicular to a direction of fuel flow is substantially constant. 4. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein a divergence angle of the diverging portion is about 20° or greater. 5. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein a divergence angle of the diverging portion increases as an axial distance from the throat increases. 6. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet is subsonic and a ratio of a stagnation pressure at an inlet of the slot jet to a static pressure at the outlet varies from about 1.2 to 1.8. 7. The premixing device of claim 6, wherein the ratio is about 1.5. 8. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein the bottom wall of the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet forms a continuous surface with the wall profile so as to allow the fuel to be injected nearly tangentially with the compressed air flow. 9. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein the diverging portion of the sidewalls are rough. 10. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein the diverging portion of the sidewalls are jagged. 11. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein the diverging portion of the sidewalls are stepped. 12. The premixing device of claim 2, wherein a plurality of adjacent converging-diverging fuel injection slot jets is disposed inside the plurality of fuel inlet slots. 13. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet is formed as an integral part of the plurality of fuel inlet slots. 14. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet is formed as a separate part of an assembly comprising the plurality of fuel inlet slots. 15. A gas turbine combustor comprising the premixing device of claim 1, wherein the gas turbine combustor comprises a can combustor, or a can-annular combustor, or an annular combustor, and the fuel comprises natural gas, or high hydrogen gas, or hydrogen, or biogas, or carbon monoxide, or a syngas. 16. A gas range burner comprising the premixing device of claim 1, wherein the fuel comprises natural gas, or high hydrogen gas, or hydrogen, or biogas, or carbon monoxide, or a syngas. 17. A low-emission combustor, comprising: a combustor housing defining a combustion area; and a premixing device coupled to the combustor, the premixing device comprising, an air inlet, fuel inlet slots disposed around a circumference of the premixing device and in flow communication with an end portion of the air inlet, the fuel inlet slots including . . . fuel supplied from the fuel inlet slots a mixing chamber where compressed air from the air inlet is mixed with fuel from the boundary layer, the mixing chamber being disposed downstream of the air inlet and the fuel inlet slots at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet disposed inside each fuel inlet slot. 18. The combustor of claim 17, further comprising a swirler disposed adjacently to the premixing device. 19. The combustor of claim 17, wherein the pre-determined wall profile is configured to deflect the fuel supplied through the slot towards the wall profile by a Coanda effect. 20. A method for premixing a fuel and an oxidizer in a combustion system, comprising: drawing the oxidizer inside a premixing device through an oxidizer inlet; injecting the fuel into the premixing device through a plurality of fuel inlet slots disposed around a circumference of the premixing device, each fuel inlet slot comprising at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet; deflecting the injected fuel towards a pre-determined wall profile within the premixing device to form a fuel boundary layer along an inside wall of the premixing device; and premixing the fuel and oxidizer to form a fuel-air mixture, wherein the premixing comprises over expanding the fuel in a diverging portion of the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet to create a flow separation region in the diverging portion, the flow separation region being configured to generate mixing turbulence at an outlet of the at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet to aerodynamically enhance a mixing of the fuel from the boundary layer with the oxidizer without causing a boundary layer flow separation and a flame holding in the mixing chamber. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the oxidizer comprises air or an oxidizer having a volumetric content of about 10% oxygen. 22. The method of claim 20, wherein the fuel comprises syngas and the oxidizer comprises high purity oxygen for use in oxy-fuel combustors. 23. The method of claim 20, wherein the deflecting further comprises inducing a Coanda effect via the pre-determined wall profile. 24. A gas turbine, comprising: a compressor; a combustor in flow communication with the compressor configured to burn a premixed mixture of fuel and air, the combustor including a premixing device disposed upstream of the combustor, the premixing device, comprising an air inlet, a plurality of fuel inlet slots disposed around a circumference of the premixing device and in flow communication with an end portion of the air inlet, the fuel inlet slots including a mixing chamber where compressed air from the air inlet is mixed with fuel from the boundary layer, the mixing chamber being disposed downstream of the air inlet and the fuel inlet slots at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet disposed inside each fuel inlet slot a turbine located downstream of the combustor and configured to expand the combustor exit gas stream. 25. A gas to liquid system, comprising: an air separation unit configured to separate oxygen from air; a gas processing unit for preparing natural gas; a combustor for reacting oxygen with the natural gas at an elevated temperature and pressure to produce a synthesis gas-enriched with carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas; a premixing device disposed upstream of the combustor to facilitate the premixing of oxygen and the natural gas prior to reaction in the combustor, the premixing device, comprising an air inlet, a plurality of fuel inlet slots disposed around a circumference of the premixing device and in flow communication with an end portion of the air inlet, the fuel inlet slots including a mixing chamber where compressed air from the air inlet is mixed with fuel from the boundary layer, the mixing chamber being disposed downstream of the air inlet and the fuel inlet slots at least one converging-diverging fuel injection slot jet disposed inside each fuel inlet slot, a turbo-expander in flow communication with the combustor for extracting work from and for quenching the synthesis gas.

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이 특허를 인용한 특허 피인용횟수: 5

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High expansion fuel injection slot jet and method for enhancing mixing in premixing devices

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High expansion fuel injection slot jet and method for enhancing mixing in premixing devices

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