Intra-area master reactive controller for tightly coupled windfarms
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
H02J-003/38
H02P-009/00
출원번호
UP-0181658
(2008-07-29)
등록번호
US-7839024
(2011-01-22)
발명자
/ 주소
Cardinal, Mark E.
Miller, Nicholas W.
Clark, Kara
출원인 / 주소
General Electric Company
대리인 / 주소
Smith, Edward J.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
18인용 특허 :
9
초록▼
A wind turbine generator control system is provided for controlling output of a plurality of tightly-coupled windfarms connected at a point of common coupling with a power system grid. A master reactive control device employs algorithms whose technical effect is to coordinate the real power, reactiv
A wind turbine generator control system is provided for controlling output of a plurality of tightly-coupled windfarms connected at a point of common coupling with a power system grid. A master reactive control device employs algorithms whose technical effect is to coordinate the real power, reactive power and voltage output of the multiple windfarms. The controller incorporates a reactive power regulator that can be used to regulate reactive power, power factor or voltage at the point of common coupling and an active power regulator that can be used to regulate real power at the point of common coupling; such that each windfarm is not asked to contribute or violate its own operating capability.
대표청구항▼
The invention claimed is: 1. A wind turbine generator control system, adapted for controlling output of a plurality of tightly-coupled local windfarms connected at a point of common coupling and tied to a power grid wherein each local windfarm includes a plurality of wind turbine generators, compri
The invention claimed is: 1. A wind turbine generator control system, adapted for controlling output of a plurality of tightly-coupled local windfarms connected at a point of common coupling and tied to a power grid wherein each local windfarm includes a plurality of wind turbine generators, comprising: a local windfarm controller for each of the plurality of local windfarms, wherein the local windfarm controller controls operation of the plurality of wind turbine generators within the local windfarm, including control for the generation of real power and reactive power for an individual generator of the plurality of wind turbine generators within the voltage and thermal limits of the individual wind turbine generator; sensing means for determining a plurality of power-related parameters at a point of common coupling for the plurality of tightly-coupled windfarms; receiving means for receiving a plurality of power-related parameters from the output of the individual local windfarms; receiving means for receiving a plurality of power-related reference commands from a central system controller for the electric power grid; and a master reactive intra-area controller employing at least one of the plurality of sensed power-related parameters adapted for generating a plurality of power-related commands to each individual local windfarm controller for the plurality of tightly-coupled local windfarms. 2. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 1, further comprising: a non-windfarm power generating source electrically coupled with the plurality of windfarms; and a local controller for a non-windfarm power generating source electrically coupled with the plurality of windfarms and controlled by the output of the master reactive intra-area controller. 3. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 1, wherein the power-related commands comprise: a total reactive power command for the plurality of tightly-coupled windfarms; and a total real power command for the plurality of tightly-coupled windfarms. 4. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 3, further comprising: line drop compensation using at least one of voltage, current, real power, reactive power and power factor measurements at a point of measurement on a point of common coupling and transmitted to the master reactive intra-area controller to determine the power-related commands. 5. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 3, wherein the power related commands further comprise: a reactive power command to each individual windfarm of the plurality of windfarms, and a real power command to each individual windfarm of the plurality of windfarms, wherein the reactive power command and the real power command are distributed by the master reactive reactive intra-area controller according to at least one distribution algorithm. 6. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 5, wherein the the master reactive intra-area controller distributes the total reactive power command to each of the individual local windfarms according to an algorithm whose technical effect is to distribute the total reactive power command based on the ratio of an online reactive rating for the individual local windfarm as received by the master reactive intra-area controller from the local windfarm controller to the total online reactive rating of the plurality of windfarms. 7. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 6, wherein if at least one of the local windfarm controllers fails to communicate its online reactive rating to the master reactive intra-area controller, then the reactive power command is distributed by the master reactive intra-area controller to the at least one local windfarm controller failing to communicate according to an algorithm whose technical effect is to distribute the total reactive power command based on an assigned configuration constant. 8. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 5, wherein the the master reactive intra-area controller distributes the total real power command to each of the individual local windfarms according to an algorithm whose technical effect is to distribute the total real power command based on the ratio of an online possible real power rating for the individual local windfarm as received by the master reactive intra-area controller from the local windfarm controller to the total online possible real power rating of the plurality of windfarms. 9. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 8, wherein if at least one of the local windfarm controllers fails to communicate the online possible real power rating to the master reactive intra-area controller, then the total real power command is distributed by the master reactive intra-area controller to the at least one local windfarm controller failing to communicate according to an algorithm whose technical effect is to distribute the total real power command based on an assigned configuration constant. 10. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 5, wherein the master reactive intra-area controller further comprises: a closed loop controller adapted to regulate a power-related parameter at a point of common coupling according to a combined voltage reference command including at least one of a voltage reference command and a power factor voltage reference command. 11. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 10, wherein the at least one of the voltage reference command and a power factor voltage reference command is provided by a system operator for the grid. 12. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 10, wherein the combined voltage reference command includes a voltage droop signal. 13. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 10, wherein the combined voltage reference command includes a line drop voltage signal representing the voltage drop in the line between a point of regulation and a point of measurement, permitting control of the power-related system parameter at the point of regulation in the system. 14. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 10, wherein the closed loop controller generates a total reactive power command in response to a voltage error between the voltage reference and the measured voltage at the point of common coupling. 15. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 10, wherein an upper and a lower limit are placed on the total reactive power command from the closed-loop controller according to summed maximum reactive power ratings and summed minimum reactive power ratings for the individual local windfarms. 16. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 5, wherein the master reactive intra-area controller operates as a closed loop controller that regulates voltage at a point of common coupling according to a voltage reference command. 17. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 5, wherein the master reactive intra-area controller further comprises: a closed loop controller that regulates voltage at a point of common coupling according to a power factor reference command. 18. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 17, wherein the master reactive intra-area controller further comprises: a reference signal converter adapted to convert a power factor reference command to a power factor voltage reference command for the closed-loop controller. 19. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 18, wherein the reference signal converter comprises: a converter adapted to convert a power factor reference command to a reactive power reference command; a summer adapted to generating a reactive power error signal; a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller; and a limiter for the power factor voltage reference command. 20. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 19, wherein the reactive power error signal further comprises; a line drop compensation, when power factor is being controlled at a point of regulation in the system other than the point of measurement, correcting for real power loss and reactive power loss between the point of measurement and the point of regulation. 21. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 5, wherein the master reactive intra-area controller further comprises: a closed loop controller adapted to regulate a power-related parameter at a point of common coupling according to a real power reference provided by a system operator for the electric power grid. 22. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 21, wherein the closed loop controller further regulates real power at a point in the system other than the point of measurement according to a line drop voltage signal representing the real power loss in the line between the point of regulation and the point of measurement on the system. 23. The wind turbine generator control system according to claim 22, wherein the closed loop controller generates a total real power command in response to a difference between the real power reference and a measured real power at the point of measurement.
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