초록 ▼

The panel-like laminate comprises a flexible skin (1), a rigid substrate (2) and an intermediate layer (3). The flexible skin (1) comprises a main part (8) which forms the front side of the laminate and at least one flange (9) which extends from the main part (8) of the skin towards the substrate (2

The panel-like laminate comprises a flexible skin (1), a rigid substrate (2) and an intermediate layer (3). The flexible skin (1) comprises a main part (8) which forms the front side of the laminate and at least one flange (9) which extends from the main part (8) of the skin towards the substrate (2) to form at least a portion of the lateral side of the laminate. In order to avoid foam leakage when molding the intermediate layer (3) between the skin (1) and the substrate (2), the flange (9) is extended by a border part (10) which comprises a flexible lip (11). The flexible lip is pressed against the rigid substrate (2) so that the flexible lip (11) forms a seal between the skin and the substrate. To prevent deformation of the skin, the border part (10) of the skin further comprises at least one continuous or discontinuous ridge (12) which extends along the flange (9) of the skin (1) and which prevents a sliding of this border part when closing the mold.

대표청구항 ▼

The invention claimed is: 1. A laminate which has a front side (4), a back side (5) and at least one lateral side (6) and which comprises a rigid substrate (2) forming the back side (5) of the laminate, a flexible skin (1) having a front and a back side, and an intermediate layer (3) adhering the b

The invention claimed is: 1. A laminate which has a front side (4), a back side (5) and at least one lateral side (6) and which comprises a rigid substrate (2) forming the back side (5) of the laminate, a flexible skin (1) having a front and a back side, and an intermediate layer (3) adhering the back side of the skin (1) to the substrate (2), the flexible skin (1) comprising a main part (8) forming the front side (4) of the laminate and at least one flange (9) extending from said main part (8) towards the substrate (2) to form at least a portion of the lateral side (6) of the laminate, the flange (9) being extended by a border part (10) of the skin (1) which comprises a flexible lip (11) having a free edge (21, 34), a thickness decreasing towards said free edge and a top which is pressed against the rigid substrate (2) so that the flexible lip (11) is bent, the border part (10) further comprising on the front side of the skin (1) at least one ridge (12) extending along the flange (9) of the skin (1). 2. A laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that said flexible skin (1) has an average flexural modulus, measured in accordance with ASTM D790-03, which is smaller than 100 MPa. 3. A laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that said ridge (12) is a continuous ridge. 4. A laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that said ridge (12) is situated substantially opposite said flexible lip (11) on the border part (10) of the skin (1). 5. A laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that the flexible lip (11) has a moulded free edge (21). 6. A laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that the flexible lip (11) is bent laterally by the pressure exerted by the rigid substrate (2) onto the lip (11). 7. A laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that the flexible lip (11) has a free edge (21, 34) forming at least a portion of an edge of the skin (1). 8. A flexible skin suited for manufacturing a laminate according to claim 1 and having a front and a back side, which flexible skin (1) comprises a main part (8) arranged to form the front side (4) of the laminate and at least one flange (9) arranged to extend from the main part (8) of the skin (1) towards the substrate (2) to form at least a portion of the lateral side (6) of the laminate, the flange (9) being extended by a border part (10) of the skin (1) which comprises a flexible lip (11) having a free edge, a thickness decreasing towards said free edge and a top arranged to be pressed against the rigid substrate (2) so that the flexible lip (11) is bent and forms a seal against said rigid substrate (2), the border part (10) further comprising on the front side of the skin (1) at least one ridge (12) extending along the flange (9) of the skin (1). 9. A skin according to claim 8, characterised in that it has an average flexural modulus, measured in accordance with ASTM D790-03, which is smaller than 100 MPa. 10. A skin according to claim 8, characterised in that said free edge is a moulded free edge (21). 11. A flexible skin suited for manufacturing a laminate according to claim 1 and having a front and a back side, which flexible skin (1) part 8 arranged to form the front side (4) of the laminate and at least one flange (9) arranged to extend from the main part (8) of the skin (1) towards the substrate (2) to form at least a portion of the lateral side (6) of the laminate, the flange (9) being extended b a border art 10 of the skin 1 which comprises a flexible lip 11 having a top arranged to be pressed against the rigid substrate (2) so that the flexible lip (11) is bent and forms a seal against said rigid substrate (2), the border part (10) further comprising on the front side of the skin (1) at least one ridge (12) extending along the flange (9) of the skin (1) and the skin (1) further comprising a tear off portion (30) united to a top edge (34) of the flexible lip (11) and arranged to be torn off therefrom, the tear off portion (30) comprising a further flexible lip (32) having a further top edge (33) contiguous to the top edge (34) of the flexible lip (11) and forming together with the flexible lip (11) a groove (35) in the front side of the skin (1), which groove (35) has a bottom (29) with a reduced thickness enabling to tear off the tear off portion (30) from said flexible lip (11). 12. A skin according to claim 11, characterised in that the tear off portion (30) of the skin (1) comprises at least one further ridge (36) on the front side of the skin (1), which further ridge (36) extends along said groove (35). 13. A method for manufacturing a flexible skin according to claim 8 which has a front and a back side and which comprises a main part (8) arranged to form the front side (4) of said laminate, and at least one flange (9) arranged to extend from the main part (8) of the skin (1) towards the rigid substrate (2) of the laminate to form at least a portion of the lateral side (6) of said laminate, the flange (9) being extended by a border part (10) of the skin (1) which comprises a flexible lip (11) having a free edge, a thickness decreasing towards said free edge and a top arranged to be pressed against the rigid substrate (2) so that the flexible lip (11) is bent and forms a seal against this rigid substrate (2), which method comprises the steps of: providing a mould (13) defining at least one mould surface (14) having a shape which corresponds to a negative of the front side of the skin (1); applying at least one flowable skin material for producing the flexible skin (1) against the mould surface (14); allowing the flowable skin material to harden to produce the skin (1) with its front side against the mould surface (14), the flange (9) of the skin (1) being produced against a first upstanding flank (16) of the mould surface (14) and the flexible lip (11) against a second upstanding flank (17) of the mould surface (14), the flowable skin material being applied on said second flank (17) in a layer having a thickness which decreases towards the top of the second flank (17); and removing the produced skin (1) from the mould surface (14), wherein the mould surface (14) is provided between the first (16) and the second upstanding flanks (17) with a groove (18) which extends along said second upstanding flank (17) and which is filled with the flowable skin material so that said border part (10) of the skin (1) comprises a ridge (12) on the front side of the skin (1). 14. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the second upstanding flank (17) has a convex top surface. 15. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the flowable skin material is sprayed onto the mould surface (14). 16. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the flowable skin material is a thermoplastic material. 17. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the flowable skin material is a curable composition. 18. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that said second flank (17) is formed by an upstanding ridge (19) provided on the mould surface (14). 19. A method according to claim 18, characterised in that the upstanding ridge (19) has a top comprising a cutting edge (20) which has no curvature radius or a curvature radius smaller than 2 mm. 20. A method according to claim 13, characterised in that the flowable material is applied in a layer on the mould surface (14) which stops on top of said second upstanding flank (17). 21. A method for manufacturing a flexible skin according to claim 11 which has a front and a back side and which comprises a main partj8) arranged to form the front side (4) of said laminate, and at least one flange (9) arranged to extend from the main part (8) of the skin (1) towards the rigid substrate (2) of the laminate to form at least a portion of the lateral side (6) of said laminate, the flange (9) being extended by a border part (10) of the skin (1) which comprises a flexible lip (11) having a top arranged to be pressed against the rigid substrate (2) so that the flexible lip (11) is bent and forms a seal against this rigid substrate (2), which method comprises the steps of: providing a mould (13) defining at least one mould surface (14) having a shape which corresponds to a negative of the front side of the skin (1); applying at least one flowable skin material for producing the flexible skin (1) against the mould surface (14); allowing the flowable skin material to harden to produce the skink)) with its front side against the mould surface (14), the flange(9) of the skin (1) being produced against a first upstanding flank (16) of the mould surface (14) and the flexible lip (11) against a second upstanding flank (17) of the mould surface (14), the second upstanding flank (17) being formed by an upstanding ridge (19) provided on the mould surface (14); and removing the produced skin (11 from the mould surface (14), wherein the mould surface (14) is provided between the first (16) and the second upstanding flanks (17) with a groove (18) which extends along said second upstanding flank (17) and which is filled with the flowable skin material so that said border part (10) of the skin (1) comprises a ridge (12) on the front side of the skin (1), and wherein the flowable skin material is applied in a layer on the mould surface (14) which extends entirely over the upstanding ridge (19), with a weakened zone (29) having a reduced thickness being formed in the skin (1) on top of the upstanding ridge (19). 22. A method according to claim 21, characterised in that the mould surface (14) is provided along the upstanding ridge (19), opposite said groove (18), with a further groove (31) which is also filled with the flowable skin material. 23. A method for manufacturing a laminate according to claim 1, characterised in that it comprises the steps of: providing a further mould comprising first and second mould sections (23 and 26) which are movable with respect to one another to open and close the further mould and which have a first (22) and respectively a second mould surface (25); positioning said flexible skin (1) onto the first mould surface (22) and a rigid substrate (2) onto the second mould surface (25) so that the ridge (12) on the front side of the skin (1) extends in a recess (24) in the first mould surface (22); closing the second mould so that a cavity remains between the skin (1) and the substrate (2) and so that a pressure is exerted by the rigid substrate (2) onto the flexible lip (11), the flexible lip (11) of the skin (1) being laterally bent by the pressure exerted thereon by the rigid substrate (2) to form a seal closing off said cavity and the border part (10) of the skin (1) is prevented from sliding on the first mould surface (22) towards the flange (9) of the skin upon bending of the flexible skin (11) by having positioned the ridge (12) on the front side of the skin (1) in said recess (24); applying either before or after having closed the second mould a curable composition between the skin (1) and the substrate (2) and allowing it to cure in said cavity to produce the intermediate layer (3) adhering the skin (1) to the substrate (2); and opening the second mould and removing the produced laminate. 24. A method according to claim 21, characterised in that the flowable skin material is sprayed onto the mould surface (14). 25. A method according to claim 21, characterised in that the flowable skin material is a thermoplastic material. 26. A method according to claim 21, characterised in that the flowable skin material is a curable composition. 27. A laminate according to claim 6, characterised in that the flexible lip (11) is pressed away from the main part (8) of the skin. 28. A skin according to claim 11, characterised in that it has an average flexural modulus, measured in accordance with ASTM D790-03, which is smaller than 100 MPa. 29. A method according to claim 19, characterised in that said cutting edge (20) which has no curvature radius or a curvature radius smaller than 1 mm.