최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
DataON 바로가기다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
Edison 바로가기다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
Kafe 바로가기국가/구분 | United States(US) Patent 등록 |
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 | US-0651003 (2003-08-28) |
등록번호 | US-8137386 (2012-03-20) |
발명자 / 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 | 피인용 횟수 : 25 인용 특허 : 337 |
A polyaxial bone screw includes a head member and a shank member. The shank has a capture end and an opposite threaded end for threaded insertion into a vertebra. The head has a U-shaped cradle for receiving a spinal fixation rod and a central bore for receiving the capture end of the shank. An expa
A polyaxial bone screw includes a head member and a shank member. The shank has a capture end and an opposite threaded end for threaded insertion into a vertebra. The head has a U-shaped cradle for receiving a spinal fixation rod and a central bore for receiving the capture end of the shank. An expandible retainer ring with a radial split is snapped onto the capture end of the shank to retain it within the head. The retainer ring has a spherical outer surface which forms a ball joint with a spherical socket cavity within the head to enable the head to be angled relative to the shank. A threaded closure plug is tightened within the cradle to clamp the rod into engagement with a knurled dome on the capture end of the shank to secure the rod relative to the vertebra.
1. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head adapted to receive a rod member in an upper channel thereof; said head having a cavity lower opening to an external surface of said head through said opening; said cavity having an integral partial lower mating surface and an upper larger cavity portio
1. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head adapted to receive a rod member in an upper channel thereof; said head having a cavity lower opening to an external surface of said head through said opening; said cavity having an integral partial lower mating surface and an upper larger cavity portion sized and shaped to allow expansion of an expandable retaining ring to capture a shank therein;b) a shank having a threaded body and a capture end; said capture end being insertable into said head cavity through said lower opening when said retaining ring is positioned in said cavity;c) the retaining ring having capture structure to expandingly receive and capture said shank capture end within the cavity and thereafter contract and polyaxially rotate in conjunction with the shank relative to the cavity during positioning of the shank relative to the head; the shank extending above the retaining ring after the shank and retaining ring are joined in the cavity; said ring having a partial spherical surface that operably seats on said head cavity partial spherical lower mating surface; andd) wherein an upper surface of the shank capture end solely receives a downward force to lock the position of the shank relative to the head. 2. The bone screw according to claim 1 wherein: a) said head partial spherical lower mating surface is in a first region of said cavity and said cavity includes a second region located axially above said cavity first region; said cavity second region being larger than said cavity first region;b) said shank capture end causing said retaining ring to expand and contract during connection to said shank, such expansion and contraction operably occurring in said second region and thereafter said retaining ring being seatable in said first region. 3. A polyaxial bone screw for implantation in bone comprising: a) a shank having a threaded body adapted to be operably received in a bone and a capture end extending upwardly from said threaded body;b) a head having a channel formed between a pair of arms, said channel opening to an exterior of the head being sized and shaped for operably receiving a rod member; said head having an interior cavity communicating directly with said channel; said head also having a lower opening axially aligned with and communicating with said cavity and opening to a lower side of said head exterior, said lower opening being sized and shaped to receive said shank capture end therethrough;c) an expandible and contractible ring shaped retainer separate from said shank that is sized and shaped to be slidingly received through said channel and into said cavity; said retainer expandibly receiving and operably capturing said shank capture end in the head cavity and thereafter contracting so as to allow polyaxial rotation of the shank and retainer together relative to the head during positioning of the shank relative to the head, said retainer having an aperture therein for receiving and operably capturing said shank capture end; said retainer having a radial diameter, such that when said retainer is joined to said shank a combination of the joined retainer and shank is too large to allow passage thereof through said head lower opening; said shank projecting above the retainer and into said channel when assembled so as to be adapted to directly engage the rod member when placed in said channel; andd) a closure for closing said channel and adapted to bias against the rod member; said closure being rotatably joined to an interior of said arms by a splay resistant helical wound guide and advancement structure. 4. A polyaxial bone screw for implantation in bone comprising: a) a shank having a body that is threaded so as to be adapted to be implanted into a bone and an upper capture end extending from said body;b) a head having a channel adapted to receive a rod member, a lower opening having a radius adapted to receive said shank capture end and a cavity communicating with the channel and the lower opening, said channel, cavity and lower opening being in axial alignment;c) a an expandible and contractible retainer non integral with said shank and being sized and shaped to be located during use in the head cavity, said retainer expanding around said shank capture end and thereafter contracting to capture said shank capture end; said retainer having an outer radius that is larger than said lower opening radius when said shank capture end is captured by said retainer; andd) said retainer and said shank joining in an assembly unit in the cavity to polyaxially rotate together relative to the head; said shank having an upward axial projection opposite said shank body that extends above the joined retainer; said projection being sized and shaped to extend into said channel during use so as to be adapted to frictionally engage a rod member placed in said channel. 5. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head having an upper channel adapted to receive a rod member; said head further having a cavity axially aligned with said upper channel and communicating with said upper channel directly through a first opening into said channel; and said head having a second lower opening axially aligned with said upper channel for communication between said cavity and an exterior of said head; said cavity including a seat with a radiused surface adjacent to said second opening;b) a shank having an elongate threaded body and a capture end; said capture end being sized and shaped to be received through said head second opening and into said cavity; andc) a reversibly expandible retainer separate from an upper portion of said shank and having capture structure that is sized and shaped to expandibly receive and thereafter contractibly capture said shank capture end in the cavity so as to polyaxially rotate with the shank relative to the cavity and head during positioning of the shank relative to the head; said retainer further having a radiused surface that is sized and shaped to be rotatably received on said radiused surface of said seat and having a width greater than said head second opening; said shank having an upper end that projects above the retainer and into said channel when said capture structure is captured in said head by said retainer so that said shank is adapted to directly engage the rod member when the rod member is positioned in said channel. 6. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head having a body and a pair of upstanding arms defining a channel between said arms having a width; said head having a cavity communicating with said channel and having an opening communicating with the underside of said head; said channel, said cavity and said opening being axially aligned, and said cavity having a first radiused surface;b) a shank having an elongate threaded body for implantation into a bone and a capture end opposite said body that when the shank is placed through said opening and in the head extends into the channel; andc) a retainer separate from the shank and having a structure sized and shaped to expandibly receive and contractibly capture said shank capture end so as to join with the shank in the cavity and, thereafter, polyaxially rotate relative to the cavity and head during positioning of the head relative to the shank; said retainer having a second radiused surface that is sized and shaped to be rotatably received on said cavity first radiused surface; said retainer second radiused surface having a diameter that is greater than said channel width; said shank extending above said retainer when joined; said retainer having a height that is less than said channel width so as to allow said retainer to pass sideways through said channel and into said cavity. 7. The bone screw according to claim 6 wherein: a) said retainer is generally hemispherical in outer shape. 8. The bone screw according to claim 6 including: a) a locking mechanism for securing said shank to said retainer. 9. The bone screw according to claim 6 wherein: a) said opening is smaller in diameter than said retainer radiused surface. 10. The bone screw according to claim 6 in combination with: a) a rod member operably received in said channel and engaging said retainer to urge said retainer into frictional engagement with said cavity;b) a closure for operably closing between said arms and applying force to said retainer through said rod member to operably lock a position of said shank relative to said head. 11. The bone screw according to claim 10 wherein: a) said closure includes guide and advancement structure that joins with mating structure on said arms to guide said closure on rotation thereof. 12. The bone screw according to claim 11 wherein: a) said guide and advancement structure inhibits splaying of said arms. 13. The bone screw according to claim 12 wherein: a) said guide and advancement structure includes reverse angle threads. 14. The bone screw according to claim 12 wherein: a) said guide and advancement structure is an interlocking structure. 15. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head having a body and a channel adapted to receive a rod member; said channel being positioned between a pair of arms and having a width; said head having a cavity below said channel and a lower opening between an exterior of said head and said cavity;b) a shank having an elongate threaded body that has a first radial diameter at the widest location therealong; said shank having a capture end opposite said body;c) an expandible and contractible retainer separate from the shank and being operably sized and shaped to expand so as to receive the shank capture end and thereafter contract so as to capture said shank capture end so as to be joined with the shank within the cavity and, thereafter, polyaxially rotate with the shank relative to the head and cavity during positioning of the shank relative to the head; said retainer being operably received and swivable within said cavity with the shank extending above the retainer; and whereby:d) said shank diameter is larger than said channel width such that said shank cannot pass through said channel; said shank capture end being sized and shaped to pass through said head lower opening and be received into said retainer within said cavity and being sized and shaped to extend upwardly and receive downward pressure from the rod when the rod is placed in the channel without the retainer receiving downward pressure directly from the rod during assembly but rather from the rod through the shank. 16. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head having a channel adapted to receive a rod and said channel having a side to side width; said head having an internal cavity communicating with said channel; said head having a lower opening into said cavity from an exterior of said head; said channel, said cavity and said lower opening being in axial alignment;b) a shank that is swivable relative to said head during assembly and positioning of the shank relative to the head and further being adapted to be later lockable; said shank having an upper capture portion and a lower threaded portion; the shank capture portion extending upwardly so as to receive downward pressure from a rod placed in the channel during assembly;c) an expandible and contractible retainer separate from the shank that is sized and shaped to expand around said shank capture portion and then contract so as to capture said shank capture portion and so as to join therewith and, thereafter, polyaxially rotate together with the shank relative to the head during the positioning of the shank relative to the head and operably located in said cavity;d) said shank lower threaded portion having a diameter that is larger than said channel width so as to prevent said shank from passing therethrough such that said shank must enter said cavity through said lower opening to join with said retainer. 17. The bone screw according to claim 16 wherein: a) said retainer having a height less than a radial diameter thereof; said retainer diameter being too large to fit through said channel when turned so as to receive said shank capture end, such that said retainer must be turned sideways to pass through said channel and then rotated so as to be aligned to receive said shank capture end in said cavity. 18. In a polyaxial bone screw having a bone implantable shank, a head and a retainer for capturing an end of said shank; the improvement comprising: a) said head having a channel adapted to receive a rod said channel being sized and shaped to have a width somewhat larger than the rod; andb) said retainer separate from the shank and being located in a cavity in said head that communicates with said channel such that said retainer is loaded into said cavity through said channel; said retainer having a radial diameter larger than said channel width such that said retainer must be loaded sideways through said channel and into said cavity and then turned a quarter turn to so as to be able to expand and receive said shank capture end and then contract so as to join with the shank and thereafter polyaxially rotate with the shank relative to the head; the shank extending above the retainer so that the shank and not the retainer initially receives pressure from the rod during assembly to lock a position of the shank relative to the head. 19. In a polyaxial bone screw having a threaded shank, a head and a retainer wherein the retainer is received in said head and expanded around said shank and then contracted so as to be joined to said head and thereby to allow said shank to be swivelably joined to said head for placement of said head; said head having a channel adapted to receive a rod; the improvement comprising: a) said channel having a width that is substantially limited to a width of the rod to be fully received by said head channel; andb) said shank is upwardly loaded into said head and when fully loaded extends above the retainer so as to be able to receive a downward pressure from above;c) said retainer is separate from the shank and is received in the head through said channel and has a width that is greater than said channel width such that said retainer must be loaded into said head at least partially sideways and then turned to so as to be able to expand and receive said shank through a lower opening in said head; said lower opening having a diameter less than a width of said retainer; the shank and the expanded retainer being joined in the head by the expanded retainer contracting around the shank and, thereafter, polyaxially rotating together relative to the head during positioning of the head relative to the shank;d) whereby because the retainer width is larger than said channel width, the diameter of said lower opening is proportionally, relative to rod size, sized larger to allow said shank to be sized larger for increased strength and to allow cannulation. 20. In a polyaxial bone screw having a head adapted to receive a rod member, a shank and a reversibly expandible retainer that is non-integral with said shank for capturing said shank in said head by expanding around said shank and then contracting around said shank so as to be joined with said shank; the improvement being: a) said shank, after joining with the retainer, extending above the retainer and having an upward projection that is adapted to initially receive a downward force from above and wherein said projection has a height that is less than a radius of said retainer and the wherein said shank and the retainer polyaxially rotating together relative to the head during positioning of the head relative to the shank. 21. In a polyaxial bone screw having a head with a channel adapted to receive a rod member, a shank and a reversibly expandible retainer that is non-integral with said shank and that expands and then contracts around said shank so as to capture said shank in said head, said retainer having a radius; the improvement wherein: a) said shank has an upward projection that extends above the retainer a predetermined height after being contractibly captured; wherein the height is less than the retainer radius; the shank and the retainer polyaxially rotating together relative to the head during positioning of the head relative to the shank. 22. A polyaxial bone screw and rod combination comprising: a) a shank having a lower threaded end for implanting in a bone and an upper capture end;b) a head having a cavity for operably receiving said shank capture end;c) a reversibly expandible capture structure associated with said shank to reversibly expand around said shank capture end so as to form an assembly in said cavity and capture said capture end within said cavity; said assembly polyaxially rotates with the shank relative to the head and cavity during positioning of the head relative to the shank;d) the shank extending above the capture structure and said head including a pair of spaced upwardly projecting arms forming a channel therebetween sized and shaped to receive a rod; said channel being sized and positioned such that said rod initially applies downward pressure only through said shank capture end so as to bias said assembly against said head so as to lock said shank in a fixed position relative to said head; ande) a closure for closing between said arms and urging said rod downward; said closure being rotatably joined to said arms by first and second splay resisting mating guide and advancement structures on said closure and arms respectfully. 23. The combination according to claim 22 wherein: a) said mating guide and advancement structures are helically wound and interlocking. 24. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head having a channel adapted to receive a rod member; said head further having a cavity communicating directly through a first opening into said channel and having a second lower opening communicating with an exterior of said head; said cavity including a seat with a seat radiused surface; said channel, said first opening, said cavity, said second opening and said seat being axially aligned;b) a shank having an elongate threaded body and a capture end; said capture end being sized and shaped to be received through said head second opening and into said cavity; andc) a reversibly expandible retainer separate from said shank and having capture structure that is sized and shaped to expand, receive and capture said shank capture end in the cavity so that the shank and said retainer thereafter polyaxially rotate together relative to the head during positioning of the head relative to the shank; said shank extending above the retainer after being joined together; said retainer further having a retainer radiused surface that is sized and shaped to be rotatably received on said radiused surface of said seat and said retainer having a diameter greater than a diameter of said head second opening;d) said head having a head body containing said cavity and a pair of spaced arms extending upward from said head body, said arms being located on opposite sides of said channel;e) said arms having a spacing that is less than twice the radius of said retainer radiused surface; said retainer being a partial sphere and being sized and shaped to pass sideways through said channel; said cavity being sized and shaped to allow said retainer to rotate therein to allow said retainer to align with, reversibly expand and receive said shank capture end while in said cavity with an upper end of the shank capture structure extending above said retainer so as to be able to initially receive a downward pressure from a rod positioned in the channel during assembly, the pressure being transferred to the retainer from the shank to frictionally lock the retainer and the shank in position relative to the head. 25. A polyaxial bone screw comprising: a) a head adapted to receive a rod member, including: i) a pair of spaced upstanding arms forming an upper channel for receiving the rod member, each of the arms having an interior first guide and advancement structure;ii) a cavity located below the arms and having integral upper and lower portions, the upper portion being located axially above the lower portion and having a width greater than a width of the lower portion, and the lower portion having an integral partially spherical seating surface; andiii) a lower opening joining the lower portion with a lower external surface of the head;b) a shank having i) a threaded body; andii) a capture end extending upwardly from the body and insertable into the head cavity through the lower opening; the shank capture end being sized, shaped and positioned to be adapted to initially solely receive a downward force when a rod member is received in the head upper channel;c) an expandible retaining ring receivable in the cavity and joinable with the shank capture end, and including: i) a ring capture structure to operably receive and capture the shank capture end within the upper cavity portion, wherein the upper cavity portion width is sized so as to allow expansion of the retaining ring during joining of the shank capture end with the retaining ring; the shank capture end causing the retaining ring to expand and contract during connection to the shank, such expansion and contraction operably occurring in the cavity upper portion and thereafter the retaining ring being seatable on the spherical seating surface; whereinii) the shank extends above the retaining ring after the shank capture end and the retaining ring are joined in the head cavity; andd) a closure having a second guide and advancement structure thereon for helically mating with the first guide and advancement structure upon rotation thereof; the closure adapted to advance downwardly and lock the polyaxial screw upon rotation in the head; the first and second guide and advancement structure being resistant to splay of the arms. 26. In a polyaxial bone screw having a threaded shank, an expandible head and a retainer wherein the retainer is received in the head and expanded around the shank and then contracted so as to be joined to the head and thereby to allow the shank to be swivelably joined with respect to the head; the head having a channel adapted to receive a rod and a lower opening; the improvement comprising: a) the channel having a width that is somewhat wider than that of the rod to be fully received by the head channel; andb) the shank is upwardly loaded into the head through the lower opening and when fully loaded extends above the retainer so as to be able to initially solely receive a downward pressure from above; whereinc) the lower opening has a width less than the a width of the retainer; the shank and the expandible retainer are joined in the head by the retainer contracting around the shank and, thereafter, polyaxially rotating together relative to the head during positioning of the head relative to the shank.
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