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Fire-resistant structures, fire-resistant insulations and a method for fire-proofing and fire-protection of permanent or temporary structures or objects. The fire-resistant insulation withstands temperatures between 1200° C. and 2000° C. on the exterior side of the insulation, and the interior side

Fire-resistant structures, fire-resistant insulations and a method for fire-proofing and fire-protection of permanent or temporary structures or objects. The fire-resistant insulation withstands temperatures between 1200° C. and 2000° C. on the exterior side of the insulation, and the interior side provides a shield for fire-protected structure or object against temperatures not exceeding 300° C. A method for fire-protection comprises steps of providing a fire-protection for structures and objects subjected to fires, brush-fires or fire storms.

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1. A fire-resistant structure or object protected with a fire-resistant insulation having a thermo-insulating gradient, said insulation comprising of a one-ply or two-ply blanket or sheath insulation capable of withstanding temperatures above 1200° C. for more than fifteen minutes, wherein said insu

1. A fire-resistant structure or object protected with a fire-resistant insulation having a thermo-insulating gradient, said insulation comprising of a one-ply or two-ply blanket or sheath insulation capable of withstanding temperatures above 1200° C. for more than fifteen minutes, wherein said insulation covers said structure, is built into said structure or is attached to said structure, wherein said insulation is a one-ply or two-ply blanket insulation with each ply comprising an exterior layer, an intermediary layer and an interior layer,wherein said exterior layer is positioned at an outermost exterior side of the insulation and is made of one or a plurality of sheets of a material selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil or organometallic polymer and wherein said exterior layer is capable of withstanding temperature from about 1200° C. to up to about 2000° C.;wherein said interior layer is positioned at an innermost backside of the insulation facing said structure or object and is made of one or plurality of sheets of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide fabric, scrim fabric containing aluminoborosilicate, scrim fabric containing silica, felt containing silica, felt containing alumina, felt containing aluminoborosilicate, polyimide film, polyvinyl fluoride film, polyether ketone film, polyimide film containing gold, polyimide film aluminized on one or both sides, aluminized film, aluminized foil, organometallic polymer, mat containing silica and mat containing aluminoborosilicate and wherein said interior layer is capable of protecting said structure or object from reaching temperatures over about 300° C.;wherein said intermediary layer is positioned between said exterior and said interior layers and comprises a plurality of flat or honeycomb sheets of the same or different material selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil, organometallic polymer and polyimide film aluminized on one or both sides; andwherein said insulation comprising said three layers has the thermo-insulating gradient where at the exterior layer, said fire-resistant insulation has a fire-resistance capability to withstand fire having temperatures above 1200° C. and up to about 2000° C., and at the interior layer facing a structure or object to be fire-protected, said fire-resistant insulation has a capability to maintain and provide a shield for temperatures not exceeding 300° C. in said structure or object. 2. The structure or object of claim 1 wherein said material used for said exterior or interior layer is silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil or organometallic polymer. 3. The structure or object of claim 1 wherein said intermediate layer is made of alternating sheets of the flat aluminized foil and honeycomb aluminized foil and wherein there are between nine and thirty sheets of one or both materials. 4. The structure or object of claim 1 wherein said insulation is a one-ply sheath having thickness from about 0.1 to about 1 cm wherein said sheath comprises one to five layers of silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil or organometallic polymer. 5. The structure or object of claim 1 wherein said structure is a house, building, warehouse, garage, shed, hangar, and wherein said object is a man-made or naturally occurring ground, garden, tree, lawn, bush, brush, soil, garden or forest. 6. The structure or object of claim 5 wherein said structure or object is made of or has a built-in said fire-resistant insulation, comprises such insulation, is covered with such insulation or wherein such insulation is separate of said structure or object and is used to cover said structure or object in case of fire. 7. The structure or object of claim 6 wherein when said structure is made or built of said insulation, said insulation is attached to a fire-resistant structural support or wherein such insulation further comprises elements providing such structural support. 8. The structure or object of claim 7 wherein when said structure comprises said insulation, said insulation is built into walls, roofs, windows or doors of said structure, into grounds surrounding said structure or is built into or attached to said structure as a mechanically or manually releasable component. 9. A method for fire-protection of a structure or object said method comprising steps: (a) providing a lightweight fire-resistant insulation having a thermo-resistant gradient capable of withstanding exterior temperatures from about 1200° C. to about 2000° C. and protecting said structure or object from temperatures reaching above 300° C.;wherein said insulation is a blanket or a sheath insulation comprising:an exterior layer positioned at an outermost exterior side of the insulation and is made of one or a plurality of sheets of a material selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil or organometallic polymer, said exterior layer capable of withstanding temperature from about 1200° C. to up to about 2000° C.;an interior layer positioned at an innermost backside of the insulation facing said structure or object wherein said interior layer is made of one or plurality of sheets of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide fabric, scrim fabric containing aluminoborosilicate, scrim fabric containing silica, felt containing silica, felt containing alumina, felt containing aluminoborosilicate, polyimide film, polyvinyl fluoride film, polyether ketone film, polyimide film containing gold, polyimide film aluminized on one or both sides, aluminized film, aluminized foil, organometallic polymer, mat containing silica and mat containing aluminoborosilicate,said interior layer providing a protective shield for said structure or object such that said structure is subjected to temperatures under about 300° C.; andan intermediary layer comprising a plurality of flat or honeycomb sheets of the same or different material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide fabric, scrim fabric containing aluminoborosilicate, scrim fabric containing silica, felt containing silica, felt containing alumina, felt containing aluminoborosilicate, polyimide film, polyvinyl fluoride film, polyether ketone film, aluminum foil, polyimide film containing gold, polyimide film containing aluminum, alumina coated film, alumina coated foil, organometallic polymer, mat containing silica and mat containing aluminoborosilicate;wherein said insulation has thickness from about 0.1 to about 5 cm; and(b) attaching said insulation to said structure such that said structure is made of said insulation, said insulation is built into said structure, said insulation covers said structure or such insulation is separate from said structure and is used to cover or be deployed or erected around and over said structure in case of fire. 10. The method of claim 9 wherein said insulation has exterior to interior thermal gradient of from about 1200° C. to about 120° C. achieved by multiple layers of materials having different thermo-resistant properties wherein an exterior layer is positioned at an outermost exterior side of the insulation that covers said structure or object and is capable of withstanding temperature of up to 2000° C. and wherein an interior layer positioned at an innermost side of the insulation that covers said structure or object provides an insulation for said structure wherein in case of a fire said structure or object is subjected to a temperatures not exceeding about 120° C. 11. The method of claim 10 wherein said insulation is a permanent insulation built into a wall, roof, window or door of said structure or permanently stored in an above the ground or underground compartment surrounding said structure or object. 12. The method of claim 11 wherein said permanently stored insulation comprises means for deployment and erection of said insulation around said structure or object in case of fire. 13. The method of claim 10 wherein said insulation is a portable temporary insulation. 14. The method of claim 13 wherein said portable temporary insulation is stored separately from the structure and is brought to the structure or object in case of fire. 15. The method of claim 14 wherein said portable insulation is a two-ply inflatable insulation comprising means for inflating said insulation over said structure or object in case of fire. 16. The method of claim 15 wherein said insulation inflated over said structure or object is deflated and essentially covers said structure or object impermeably. 17. The method of claim 11 further comprising steps of making or building said structure using said insulation alone or in combination with other structural elements. 18. The method of claim 11 further comprising steps of attaching said insulation to a fire-resistant structural support or providing an insulation that comprises a structural support. 19. The method of claim 11 wherein when said insulation is built into walls, roofs, windows or doors of said structure, into grounds surrounding said structure or is built into or attached to said structure, it further comprises a mechanically or manually releasable component and a step for mechanical or manual release of said insulation in order to protect said structure or object from fire. 20. A fire-resistant insulation comprising of a one-ply or two-ply blanket or sheath insulation with each ply comprising an exterior layer, an intermediary layer and an interior layer,wherein said exterior layer is positioned at an outermost exterior side of the insulation and is made of one or a plurality of sheets of a material selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil or organometallic polymer;wherein said interior layer is positioned at an innermost backside of the insulation is made of one or plurality of sheets of a material selected from the group consisting of silicon carbide fabric, scrim fabric containing aluminoborosilicate, scrim fabric containing silica, felt containing silica, felt containing alumina, felt containing aluminoborosilicate, polyimide film, polyvinyl fluoride film, polyether ketone film, aluminum foil, polyimide film containing gold, polyimide film aluminized on one or both sides, aluminized film, aluminized foil, organometallic polymer, mat containing silica and mat containing aluminoborosilicate, wherein said intermediary layer is positioned between said exterior and said interior layer and comprises a plurality of flat or honeycomb sheets of the same or different material selected from the group consisting of silica, aluminoborosilicate, silicon carbide fabric, aluminized film, aluminized foil, organometallic polymer or the polyimide film aluminized on one or both sides; andwherein on the exterior side of the insulation, the insulation withstands temperatures up to 2000° C. and wherein on the interior side, the insulation provides a shield for structures to be protected to reach temperatures from 120° C. and not exceeding 300° C. 21. The structure or object of claim 1 wherein said interior layer is capable of protecting said structure or object from reaching temperatures over about 120° C.