[특허]Antenna with resonator having a filtering coating and system including such antenna

Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.)

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특허 상세정보

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Antenna with resonator having a filtering coating and system including such antenna

특허상세정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	H01Q-015/02
미국특허분류(USC)	343/909; 343/775
출원번호	US-0593520 (2008-03-13)
등록번호	US-8149180 (2012-04-03)
우선권정보	FR-07 02305 (2007-03-29)
국제출원번호	PCT/FR2008/050426 (2008-03-13)
§371/§102 date	20100309 (20100309)
국제공개번호	WO2008/135677 (2008-11-13)
발명자 / 주소	Thevenot, Marc Jecko, Bernard Monediere, Thierry Chantalat, Regis Menudier, Cyrille Dumon, Patrick
출원인 / 주소	Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (C.N.R.S.)
대리인 / 주소	Young & Thompson
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 1 인용 특허 : 2

초록
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The invention relates to an antenna for transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves at a working frequency fT, that comprises a resonator with a filtering (49) coating that covers the major portion of the upper face of a reflector (22) located inside a cavity (36), the coating (40) being capable of removing all the electromagnetic waves having a frequency fT, and propagating in a direction parallel to the upper face of the reflector, without removing all the electromagnetic waves having a frequency fT and propagating in a direction perpendicular to t...

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1. Antenna designed to emit or receive electromagnetic waves at a working frequency fT, this antenna including a first resonator (20; 60; 70; 80; 90; 122) formed of: a reflector (22) reflecting all the electromagnetic waves at frequency fT which are propagated perpendicularly to this reflector,a partly reflecting wall (24), through which the electromagnetic waves at frequency fT pass, this wall reflecting strictly less than 100% and more than 80% of the electromagnetic waves at frequency fT which are propagated perpendicularly to this wall,a cavity (36) which is delimited on one side by an upper face of the reflector, and on the other side by a lower face of the partly reflecting wall, andat least one excitation probe (38; 124-128) for the cavity, suitable for receiving or injecting into this cavity, at the reflector, electromagnetic fields at frequency fT, characterised in that the first resonator includes a filtering coating (40) which covers the majority of the upper face of the reflector within the cavity, this coating being suitable for eliminating all electromagnetic waves of frequency fT which are propagated in a parallel direction to the upper face of the reflector, but without eliminating all electromagnetic waves at frequency fT which are propagated in a perpendicular direction to the upper face of the reflector, and in that the filtering coating (40) forms a PBG (photonic band gap) material which includes at least a first and a second substance, which differ in their permittivity and/or permeability and/or conductivity, and are arranged alternately at regular intervals only along one or more parallel directions to the upper face of the reflector, the regular interval being a function of the wavelength λ1 of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in the first substance, in such a way as to eliminate the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT which are propagated parallel to the upper face of the reflector. 2. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the first substance forming the filtering coating (40) is identical to the substance which fills the cavity. 3. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the second substance forming the coating (40) is identical to the substance forming the upper face of the reflector. 4. Antenna according to claim 3, wherein the second substance forms studs (42), of which the greatest width extends in a perpendicular direction to the upper face of the reflector (22), these studs being distributed at regular intervals on the upper face of the reflector, in two directions which are non-colinear and parallel to this upper face, the greatest width being strictly less than λ1/2, where λ1 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in the first substance. 5. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the upper face of the reflector and the lower face of the partly reflecting wall are separated from each other by a height h1 which is constant and strictly less than or equal to λ2/2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in the substance which fills the cavity. 6. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the partly reflecting wall is a grating (62) formed of multiple parallel metallic bars (66, 68), the shortest distance between two contiguous parallel bars being strictly less than λ3/2, where λ3 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in air. 7. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the partly reflecting wall is a PBG material which includes at least two substances (26, 28, 30), which differ in their permittivity and/or permeability and/or conductivity, and are arranged alternately at least along a perpendicular direction to the upper face of the reflector, one of these two substances being the same as that which fills the cavity. 8. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna includes a second resonator (123) formed of: a radiating wall (132), through which electromagnetic waves pass at frequency fT, and having a radiating outer face, this radiating wall reflecting strictly less than 100% and more than 80% of the electromagnetic waves at frequency fT which are propagated perpendicularly to this radiating wall,a leaking resonating cavity (136), delimited on one side by a lower face of the radiating wall, and on the other side by an upper face of the partly reflecting wall (24) of the first resonator, the radiating wall and the partly reflecting wall being separated from each other by a height h2 which is constant and less than or equal to λ4/2+λ4/20, where λ4 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in the substance which fills the leaking resonating cavity. 9. Antenna according to claim 8, wherein the antenna includes multiple excitation probes (124-128) in the first resonator (122), each causing the formation of an excitation patch (160-164) on the upper face of the partly reflecting wall, each excitation patch in its turn creating a radiating patch (166-170) on the radiating face of the radiating wall, each excitation patch and radiating patch being defined as being the zone of the upper face of the partly reflecting wall (24) and radiating wall (132) respectively, located around a point of this face where the intensity of the electromagnetic field emitted by this probe is maximum, and including all the points of this face where the intensity of the electromagnetic field emitted by this probe is greater than or equal to half this maximum intensity, and in which the distance separating two contiguous excitation probes is chosen to be sufficiently small for the radiating patches created by these probes to overlap partly. 10. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein each excitation probe (124-128) has a surface for injection and/or reception of electromagnetic waves at frequency fT, the greatest width of which is greater than or equal to λ2, the power distribution of the electromagnetic waves on the injection surface and/or reception surface having a point at which the power is maximum, this point being distant from the periphery of this surface, and the power decreases continuously along a straight line going from this point to the periphery, irrespective of the direction of the straight line considered in the plane of this surface, λ2 being the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in the substance which fills the cavity of the first resonator. 11. Antenna according to claim 8, wherein the height h2 is given by the following relation: h2=(2⁢⁢n⁢⁢π+φ1+φ2)⁢λ44⁢πwhere:n is the positive or negative integer which makes it possible to obtain the smallest positive height h2,φ1 is the phase shift which is introduced between an incident electromagnetic wave at frequency fT and the reflected wave after reflection on the upper face of the partly reflecting wall of the first resonator,φ2 is the phase shift which is introduced between an incident electromagnetic wave at frequency fT and the reflected wave after reflection on the lower face of the radiating wall,λ4 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of frequency fT in the substance which fills the leaking resonant cavity. 12. Antenna according to claim 11, wherein the upper face of the reflector (22) and the lower face of the partly reflecting wall (24) are separated from each other by a height h1 which is constant and strictly less than or equal to λ2/2, where λ2 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic waves of frequency fT in the substance which fills the cavity of the first resonator. 13. Antenna according to claim 1, wherein the cavity (36) of the first resonator forms a waveguide, which has a cutoff frequency fc, of the propagation mode ET1 or MT1, and an asymptotic value C above which no propagation mode EMT can be established, and in which the frequency fT is less than or equal to the frequency fc, and greater than the asymptotic value C. 14. System for emitting or receiving electromagnetic waves, including: a focusing device (184), which is capable of focusing the electromagnetic waves which the system emits or receives onto a focal point, andan antenna (120) for emitting or receiving electromagnetic waves, placed on this focal point,characterised in that the antenna is in accordance with claim 9. 15. Antenna according to claim 2, wherein the second substance forming the coating (40) is identical to the substance forming the upper face of the reflector.

이 특허에 인용된 특허 (2)

이 특허를 인용한 특허 피인용횟수: 1

Feng, Simin. Grazing-angle thermal emission (GATE) and thermal antenna array (TAA) for multi-channel thermal communications. USP2015049010408.

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Antenna with resonator having a filtering coating and system including such antenna

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