A method of operating a compressor of a compressor system uses three models. Each model of the three models describes a surge line of the compressor as a function of any two of three operating parameters of the compressor. The three operating parameters include head (H), flow (Q), and speed (N). The
A method of operating a compressor of a compressor system uses three models. Each model of the three models describes a surge line of the compressor as a function of any two of three operating parameters of the compressor. The three operating parameters include head (H), flow (Q), and speed (N). The method includes measuring operating characteristics of the compressor system using sensors, and determining a current value of the three operating parameters based on at least some of the measured operating characteristics. The method also includes locating operating points of the compressor on each of the three models based on the current value of the operating parameters, and identifying a sensor fault that affects the determination of at least one of the operating parameters. The method further includes avoiding surge of the compressor using one model of the three models. The one model being a model that is a function of two operating parameters unaffected by the sensor fault.
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1. A method of operating a compressor of a compressor system using three models, each model of the three models describing a surge line of the compressor as a function of any two of three operating parameters of the compressor, the three operating parameters including a head (H), a flow (Q), and a s
1. A method of operating a compressor of a compressor system using three models, each model of the three models describing a surge line of the compressor as a function of any two of three operating parameters of the compressor, the three operating parameters including a head (H), a flow (Q), and a speed (N), comprising: measuring operating characteristics of the compressor system using sensors;determining a current value of the three operating parameters based on at least some of the measured operating characteristics;locating operating points of the compressor on each of the three models based on the current value of the operating parameters;monitoring a variation of the located operating points over time on each of the three models to identify a sensor fault that affects the determination of one of the operating parameters; andavoiding a surge of the compressor using one model of the three models, the one model being the one model of the three models that is a function of two operating parameters unaffected by the sensor fault, to initiate a surge avoidance action when the one model of the three models indicates an impending surge. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the three models include a first model that describes the surge line as a function of the speed (N) and the flow (Q), a second model that describes the surge line as a function of the head (H) and the speed (N), and a third model that describes the surge line as a function of the head (H) and the flow (Q). 3. The method of claim 2, wherein avoiding the surge of the compressor includes: selecting the first model when the sensor fault affects the determination of the head (H),selecting the second model when the sensor fault affects the determination of the flow (Q), andselecting the third model when the sensor fault affects the determination of the speed (N). 4. The method of claim 3, wherein selecting the first model includes determining a surge margin, the surge margin being a difference in the flow (Q) at the operating point and the flow (Q) at the surge line at a constant the speed (N), and avoiding the surge of the compressor includes initiating the surge avoidance action when the surge margin decreases below a threshold value. 5. The method of claim 3, wherein selecting the second model includes determining a head rise to surge, the head rise to surge being a difference in the head (H) at the operating point and the head (H) at the surge line at a constant the speed (N), and avoiding the surge of the compressor includes initiating the surge avoidance action when the head rise to surge decreases below a threshold value. 6. The method of claim 3, wherein selecting the second model includes determining a turndown, the turndown being a difference in the head (H) at the operating point and the head (H) at the surge line at a constant the flow (Q), and avoiding the surge of the compressor includes initiating the surge avoidance action when the turndown decreases below a threshold value. 7. The method of claim 2, wherein locating the operating points of the compressor includes locating a first operating point on the first model, a second operating point on the second model, and a third operating point on the third model, the first operating point being based on the current value of the speed (N) and the flow (Q), the second operating point being based on the current value of the head (H) and the speed (N), and the third operating point being based on the current value of the head (H) and the flow (Q). 8. The method of claim 7, wherein locating the operating points of the compressor includes adjusting a location of the first operating point and a location of the second operating point based on a location of the third operating point. 9. The method of claim 7, wherein identifying the sensor fault includes identifying the sensor fault based on a location of one or more of the first operating point, the second operating point, and the third operating point. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein avoiding surge includes initiating the surge avoidance action when a distance between the operating points and the surge line on the one model is below a threshold distance. 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the surge avoidance action includes bypassing a compressed gas from a discharge side of the compressor to an intake side. 12. A method of operating a compressor comprising: determining values of three operating parameters of the compressor based on measured characteristics of the compressor, the three operating parameters being a head (H), a flow (Q), and a speed (N);describing a surge line of the compressor using three models, the three models including a first model that describes the surge line as a function of the speed (N) and the flow (Q), a second model that describes the surge line as a function of the head (H) and the speed (N), and a third model that describes the surge line as a function of the head (H) and the flow (Q);selecting one model of the three models when a fault affects the determining of the value of one of the three determined operating parameters; andperforming a bypass when the one model of the three models indicates an impending surge condition. 13. The method of claim 12, further including locating a first operating point on the first model, a second operating point on the second model, and a third operating point on the third model, the first operating point being defined by the determined values of the speed (N) and the flow (Q), the second operating point being defined by the determined values of the head (H) and the speed (N), and the third operating point being defined by the determined values of the head (H) and the flow (Q). 14. The method of claim 13, further including detecting the fault, the fault being a defect of a sensor used to measure at least one of the measured characteristics of the compressor. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein detecting the fault includes detecting the fault based on a location of one or more of the first operating point, the second operating point, and the third operating point. 16. The method of claim 14, wherein performing the bypass includes; performing the bypass when a distance of the first operating point to the surge line decreases below a first threshold distance, if the one model is the first model,performing the bypass when a distance of the second operating point to the surge line decreases below a first threshold distance, if the one model is the second model, andperforming the bypass when a distance of the third operating point to the surge line decreases below a first threshold distance, if the one model is the third model. 17. A method of operating a compressor, comprising: determining a plurality of operating parameters of the compressor based on measurements of one or more sensors;monitoring a surge condition of the compressor using multiple surge models, wherein each one of the multiple surge models is based on only two of the determined plurality of operating parameters;monitoring the compressor to detect an error in the determining of one of the plurality of operating parameters;updating at least one of the multiple surge models using another of the multiple surge models if the error is not detected; andoperating the compressor using a surge model of the multiple surge models unaffected by the error if the error is detected. 18. The method of claim 17, further including establishing the multiple surge models based on the determined plurality of operating parameters, wherein the determined plurality of operating parameters include a head (H), a flow (Q), and a speed (N), and the established multiple surge models include a first model that describes the surge condition as a function of the speed (N) and Q, a second model that describes the surge condition as a function of the head (H) and the speed (N), and a third model that describes the surge condition as a function of the head (H) and Q. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein operating the compressor includes operating the compressor using the first model when the detected error affects the head (H), operating the compressor using the second model when the detected error affects the flow (Q), and operating the compressor using the third model when the detected error affects the speed (N). 20. The method of claim 19, wherein operating the compressor using the first model includes initiating a surge avoidance action based on a threshold value of the flow (Q).
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (7)
Agarwal Suresh C. (Euclid OH), Centrifugal compressor surge control system.
Kountz Kenneth J. (Hoffman Estates IL) Erth Richard A. (York PA) Bauman Bruce K. (York PA), Control system for regulating large capacity rotating machinery.
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