A method and a device for converting energy uses chemical reactions in close proximity to or on a surface to convert a substantial fraction of the available chemical energy of the shorter lived energized products, such as vibrationally excited chemicals and hot electrons, directly into a useful form
A method and a device for converting energy uses chemical reactions in close proximity to or on a surface to convert a substantial fraction of the available chemical energy of the shorter lived energized products, such as vibrationally excited chemicals and hot electrons, directly into a useful form, such as longer lived charge carriers in a semiconductor. The carriers store the excitation energy in a form that may be converted into other useful forms, such as electricity, nearly monochromatic electromagnetic radiation or carriers for stimulating other surface reactions.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for converting chemical energy into a useful form comprising: using reactants and catalyst to create highly vibrationally excited molecules, the highly vibrationally excited molecules being created in a catalytic reaction where at least some of products of the catalytic reaction desorb a
1. A method for converting chemical energy into a useful form comprising: using reactants and catalyst to create highly vibrationally excited molecules, the highly vibrationally excited molecules being created in a catalytic reaction where at least some of products of the catalytic reaction desorb and leave a surface of the catalytic reaction;coupling the highly vibrationally excited molecules with electrons by placing the highly vibrationally excited molecules near a conducting surface for electron jump effect to occur;causing at least some of vibrational energy of the highly vibrationally excited molecules to transfer to the electrons of the conducting surface, resulting in excited carriers being created;collecting the excited carriers; andconverting energy of the excited carriers into electrical energy. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a semiconductor. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the converting includes converting the excited carriers into chemical potential across a diode junction to generate electrical energy. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the using reactants includes reacting fuel with oxidizer. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the using reactants includes allowing reactants to enter and exhaust products to leave a vicinity of the conducting surface where reactions that create the highly vibrationally excited molecules occur. 6. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a semiconductor diode. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a Schottky junction diode. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a bipolar semiconductor. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using an n-type semiconductor. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a p-type semiconductor diode. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a p-n junction diode. 12. The method of claim 1, further including placing a first electrode in contact with the conducting surface. 13. The method of claim 1, wherein the reactants include a fuel. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the reactants include an oxidizer. 15. The method of claim 1, wherein the reactants include H2O2 and the catalyst includes at least Ag. 16. A method for generating a useful form of energy, comprising: using reactants on one or more catalyst surfaces to create highlyvibrationally excited molecules, the highly vibrationally excited molecules being created in a catalytic reaction where at least some of products of the catalytic reaction desorb and leave a surface of the catalytic reaction;coupling the highly vibrationally excited molecules with electrons by placing the highly vibrationally excited molecules near a conducting surface for electron-jump effect to occur;causing at least some of vibrational energy of the highly vibrationally excited molecules to transfer to the electrons of the conducting surface, resulting in excited carriers being created;collecting the excited carriers; andconverting an energy of the excited carriers into electricity. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the reactants include a fuel. 18. The method of claim 16, wherein the reactants include an oxidizer. 19. The method of claim 16, wherein the one or more catalyst surfaces include one or more step formations. 20. The method of claim 16, wherein the reactants include at least H2O2 and the catalyst includes at least Ag. 21. A method for converting chemical energy into a useful form comprising: using reactants and catalyst to create highly vibrationally excited molecules, the highly vibrationally excited molecules being created in a catalytic reaction where at least some of products of the catalytic reaction desorb and leave a surface of the catalytic reaction;coupling the highly vibrationally excited molecules with electrons by placing the highly vibrationally excited molecules on a conducting surface for electron-jump effect to occur;causing at least some of vibrational energy of the highly vibrationally excited molecules to transfer to the electrons of the conducting surface, resulting in excited carriers being created;collecting the excited carriers; andconverting energy of the excited carriers into electrical energy. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a semiconductor. 23. The method of claim 21, wherein the converting includes converting the excited carriers into chemical potential across a diode junction to generate electrical energy. 24. The method of claim 21, wherein the using reactants includes reacting fuel with oxidizer. 25. The method of claim 21, wherein the using reactants includes allowing reactants to enter and exhaust products to leave a vicinity of the conducting surface where reactions that create the highly vibrationally excited molecules occur. 26. The method of claim 21, wherein the collecting includes collecting the excited carriers using a Schottky junction diode. 27. The method of claim 21, further including placing a first electrode in contact with the conducting surface. 28. The method of claim 21, wherein the reactants include a fuel. 29. The method of claim 21, wherein the reactants include an oxidizer. 30. The method of claim 21, wherein the reactants include H2O2 and the catalyst includes at least Ag. 31. A method for generating a useful form of energy, comprising: using reactants on one or more catalyst surfaces to create highlyvibrationally excited molecules, the highly vibrationally excited molecules being created in a catalytic reaction where at least some of products of the catalytic reaction desorb and leave a surface of the catalytic reaction;coupling the highly vibrationally excited molecules with electrons by placing, the highly vibrationally excited molecules on a conducting surface for electron-jump effect to occur;causing at least some of vibrational energy of the highly vibrationally excited molecules to transfer to the electrons of the conducting surface, resulting in excited carriers being created;collecting the excited carriers; andconverting an energy of the excited carriers into electricity. 32. The method of claim 31, wherein the reactants include a fuel. 33. The method of claim 31, wherein the reactants include an oxidizer. 34. The method of claim 31, wherein the one or more catalyst surfaces include one or more step formations. 35. The method of claim 31, wherein the reactants include at least H2O2 and the catalyst includes at least Ag.
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