IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0625539
(2007-01-22)
|
등록번호 |
US-8240151
(2012-08-14)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Pelletier, Robert R.
- Gudiapti, Ravi
- Cornett, Kenneth W.
|
출원인 / 주소 |
- Parker-Hannifin Corporation
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Renner, Otto, Boisselle & Sklar, LLP
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
15 인용 특허 :
15 |
초록
▼
A fuel injector for a gas turbine engine comprises a housing stem and a nozzle, the nozzle including an internal wall in heat transfer relation with fuel flowing through the nozzle, and an external wall in heat transfer relation with ambient air. The internal and external walls have downstream tip e
A fuel injector for a gas turbine engine comprises a housing stem and a nozzle, the nozzle including an internal wall in heat transfer relation with fuel flowing through the nozzle, and an external wall in heat transfer relation with ambient air. The internal and external walls have downstream tip ends that are relatively moveable at an interface due to relative thermal growth during operation of the engine. An internal insulating gap is disposed between the internal and external walls to provide a heat shield for the internal wall, and a bellows internal to the injector has an upstream end sealingly attached to an upstream portion of one of the internal and external walls, and a downstream end sealingly attached to a downstream portion of the other wall to fluidly separate the insulating gap from any fuel entering into the nozzle through the interface.
대표청구항
▼
1. A nozzle comprising: an inlet at an upstream end of the nozzle;a discharge outlet at a downstream end of the nozzle;an first annular wall bounding one side of a fuel passage extending between the inlet and the discharge outlet along a length thereof, whereby such wall is in heat transfer relation
1. A nozzle comprising: an inlet at an upstream end of the nozzle;a discharge outlet at a downstream end of the nozzle;an first annular wall bounding one side of a fuel passage extending between the inlet and the discharge outlet along a length thereof, whereby such wall is in heat transfer relation with fluid passing through the fuel passage;a second annular wall radially spaced from the first annular wall and interposed between the first annular wall and ambient conditions, the second and first walls having downstream tip ends that are relatively longitudinally movable at an interface;an internal insulating gap interposed between the first and second walls to insulate the first wall from ambient temperature conditions exterior to the nozzle; andan annular bellows internal to the nozzle and located in the insulating gap, the bellows having an upstream end sealingly attached to an upstream portion of one of the first and second walls, and a downstream end sealingly attached to a downstream portion of the other of the first and second wall to fluidly separate a thereby isolated portion of the insulating gap from any ambient fluid entering into the gap through the interface. 2. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the insulating gap is divided into radially inner and outer portions along a length of the bellows extending between its upstream and downstream ends. 3. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the ends of the bellows are sealingly attached respectively to the first and second walls by brazing. 4. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the fuel passage includes at least one vane configured to impart swirling to the fuel flowing to the discharge outlet. 5. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the annular bellows has circumferential convolutions. 6. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the insulating gap surrounds the first wall and the second wall surrounds the insulating gap. 7. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the first wall surrounds the insulating gap, and the insulating gap surrounds a central duct extending axially through the nozzle. 8. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the central duct includes air swirl vanes for imparting a rotary motion to the air as the air flows through the central duct. 9. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the insulating gap extends substantially the entire length of the fuel passage. 10. A fuel injector for a gas turbine engine comprising a nozzle according to claim 1, and a housing stem for supporting the nozzle in a combustor chamber, the housing stem including an internal fuel conduit for supplying fuel to the inlet of the nozzle. 11. A fuel injector according to claim 10, wherein the housing stem includes an external wall surrounding the fuel conduit, and an insulating gap between the external wall and fuel conduit, which insulating gap is in fluid communication with the isolated portion of the insulating gap of the nozzle. 12. A fuel injector according to claim 10, wherein the insulating gap of the housing stem contains air. 13. A fuel injector according to claim 10, wherein the insulating gap of the housing stem is evacuated. 14. A fuel injector according to claim 10, wherein the housing stem extends from a fuel line fitting to the nozzle for connecting the nozzle to the fitting. 15. A fuel injector according to claim 10, wherein the housing stem and nozzle are rigidly and fixedly connected together as a single component that can be inserted into and located within an opening in the combustor casing. 16. A fuel injector according to claim 10, wherein the housing stem includes a flange extending outwardly away from the stem, the flange having an attachment device to allow the stem to be attached to the gas turbine engine. 17. A fuel injector for a gas turbine engine, comprising a housing stem and a nozzle, the nozzle including a first wall in heat transfer relation with fuel flowing through the nozzle, and a second wall radially spaced from the first annular wall and in heat transfer relation with ambient air, the first and second walls having downstream tip ends that are relatively moveable at an interface due to relative thermal growth during operation of the engine, an internal insulating gap disposed between the first and second walls to provide a heat shield for the first wall, and a bellows internal to the injector and located in the insulating gap, the bellows having an upstream end sealingly attached to an upstream portion of one of the first and second walls, and a downstream end sealingly attached to a downstream portion of the other wall to fluidly separate a thereby isolated portion of the insulating gap from any fuel entering into the nozzle through the interface. 18. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the insulating gap is in fluid communication with a second insulating gap in a housing stem to vent fluid in the insulating gap to the second insulating gap. 19. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the first wall is formed by a wall of a prefilmer and the second wall is formed by a wall of a shroud. 20. A fuel injector according to claim 17, wherein the first wall is formed by a wall of a prefilmer and the second wall is formed by a wall of a shroud. 21. A nozzle according to claim 1, further comprising an annular fuel swirler radially spaced from the first annular wall, the annular fuel swirler bounding a side of the fuel passage along a length thereof such that the first annular wall and the annular fuel swirler define the fuel passage. 22. A nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the downstream end of the bellows is sealingly attached to the downstream portion of one of the first and second annular walls at the tip end of the wall. 23. A nozzle according to claim 22, wherein the insulating gap is a stagnant gap formed along substantially the entire length of the nozzle. 24. A fuel injector according to claim 17, wherein the downstream end of the bellows is sealingly attached to the downstream portion of one of the first and second walls at the tip end of the wall. 25. A nozzle according to claim 24, wherein the insulating gap is a stagnant gap formed along substantially the entire length of the nozzle.
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