IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0087936
(2011-04-15)
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등록번호 |
US-8245508
(2012-08-21)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Bollinger, Benjamin
- Magari, Patrick
- McBride, Troy O.
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
17 인용 특허 :
430 |
초록
In various embodiments, efficiency of energy storage and recovery systems employing compressed air and liquid heat exchange is improved via control of the system operation and/or the properties of the heat-exchange liquid.
대표청구항
▼
1. A method for improving efficiency of a compressed-gas energy storage and recovery system, the method comprising: providing a heat-transfer fluid comprising an additive therein for at least one of (i) reducing a surface tension of the heat-transfer fluid or (ii) enhancing a lubricity of the heat-t
1. A method for improving efficiency of a compressed-gas energy storage and recovery system, the method comprising: providing a heat-transfer fluid comprising an additive therein for at least one of (i) reducing a surface tension of the heat-transfer fluid or (ii) enhancing a lubricity of the heat-transfer fluid;at least one of (i) compressing gas to store energy or (ii) expanding gas to recover energy; andthereduring, exchanging heat between the gas and the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid, thereby increasing efficiency of the energy storage and recovery,wherein the heat exchange between the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid and the gas renders the at least one of compression or expansion of the gas substantially isothermal. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein (i) energy stored during compression of the gas originates from an intermittent renewable energy source of wind or solar energy, and (ii) energy is recovered via expansion of the gas when the intermittent renewable energy source is nonfunctional. 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of (i) venting expanded gas to atmosphere or (ii) storing compressed gas in a compressed-gas reservoir. 4. The method of claim 1, further comprising heating the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid to reduce a solubility of the gas in the heat-transfer fluid. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive comprises a surfactant. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium dodecyl sulphate, iso-amyl alcohol, or sodium tetradecyl sulphate. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the additive at least one of (i) retards or prevents corrosion, (ii) prevents formation of or kills microorganisms, or (iii) comprises a defoaming agent. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising at least one of (i) prior to the at least one of expansion or compression, introducing gas into a cylinder assembly substantially isobarically, wherein heat is not exchanged between the gas and the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid thereduring, or (ii) after the at least one of expansion or compression, exhausting gas from a cylinder assembly substantially isobarically, wherein heat is not exchanged between the gas and the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid thereduring. 9. A method for improving efficiency of a compressed-gas energy storage and recovery system, the method comprising: providing a heat-transfer fluid comprising an additive therein for at least one of (i) reducing a surface tension of the heat-transfer fluid or (ii) enhancing a lubricity of the heat-transfer fluid;at least one of (i) compressing gas to store energy or (ii) expanding gas to recover energy; andthereduring, exchanging heat between the gas and the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid, thereby increasing efficiency of the energy storage and recovery,wherein exchanging heat between the gas and the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid comprises spraying the additive-containing heat-transfer fluid into the gas, an injection velocity of the spraying being less than an injection velocity required to form a spray from the heat-transfer fluid without the additive. 10. A compressed-gas energy storage and recovery system comprising: a cylinder assembly for compressing gas to store energy and expanding gas to recover energy, the cylinder assembly comprising two separated chambers;a spray mechanism for introducing a spray of heat-transfer fluid within the cylinder assembly to exchange heat with gas therein, thereby increasing efficiency of the energy storage and recovery; anda control system for controlling a velocity of the spray based at least in part on a surface tension of the heat-transfer fluid. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the control system controls the cylinder assembly and the spray mechanism to enforce substantially isothermal compression and expansion of gas in the cylinder assembly. 12. The system of claim 10, further comprising, selectively fluidly connected to the cylinder assembly, (i) a compressed-gas reservoir for storage of gas after compression and supply of compressed gas for expansion thereof, and (ii) a vent for exhausting expanded gas to atmosphere and supply of gas for compression thereof. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein the spray mechanism comprises at least one of a spray head or a spray rod. 14. The system of claim 10, further comprising a circulation apparatus for circulating the heat-transfer fluid to the spray mechanism. 15. The system of claim 14, further comprising a heat exchanger for maintaining the heat-transfer fluid at a substantially constant temperature, wherein the circulation apparatus circulates heat-transfer fluid from the cylinder assembly through the heat exchanger and back to the cylinder assembly. 16. The system of claim 10, further comprising: (i) a movable boundary mechanism separating the two chambers, and(ii) a crankshaft, mechanically coupled to the boundary mechanism, for converting reciprocal motion of the boundary mechanism into rotary motion. 17. The system of claim 10, further comprising a heat-transfer fluid for spraying through the spray mechanism, the heat-transfer fluid comprising an additive for reducing a surface tension thereof. 18. The system of claim 17, wherein the additive comprises a surfactant. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein the surfactant comprises at least one of sodium dodecyl sulphate, iso-amyl alcohol, or sodium tetradecyl sulphate.
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