Method and apparatus for adjusting desired pressure in positive airway pressure devices
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
A61M-016/00
A62B-007/00
A62B-007/04
F16K-031/02
F16K-031/26
출원번호
US-0197692
(2008-08-25)
등록번호
US-8261742
(2012-09-11)
발명자
/ 주소
Strothmann, Thomas
Richey, II, Joseph B.
출원인 / 주소
Invacare Corporation
대리인 / 주소
Calfee, Halter & Griswold LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
3인용 특허 :
165
초록▼
Systems and methods for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure (PAP) device are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes: a) providing breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient via a PAP device based on current desired pressure, b) monitoring a characteristic of
Systems and methods for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure (PAP) device are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes: a) providing breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient via a PAP device based on current desired pressure, b) monitoring a characteristic of the breathing gas, patient, or PAP device indicative of respiration, c) creating a breathing cycle signal having a first level associated with inhalation and a second level associated with exhalation, the signal being based on the monitored respiration characteristic, d) performing an abnormal breathing check based on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal, and e) if abnormal breathing is detected, increasing the current desired pressure until a maximum desired pressure is reached, otherwise, decreasing the current desired pressure until a minimum desired pressure is reached. Several embodiments of an apparatus associated with the method are also provided.
대표청구항▼
1. A method for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure device, the method comprising: a) providing a breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient via a positive airway pressure device based at least in part on a current desired pressure;b) monitoring a characteristic of the
1. A method for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure device, the method comprising: a) providing a breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient via a positive airway pressure device based at least in part on a current desired pressure;b) monitoring a characteristic of the breathing gas that is indicative of respiration;c) creating a breathing cycle signal with a first level associated with inhalation and a second level different from the first level and associated with exhalation, the breathing cycle signal being based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;d) performing one or more abnormal breathing checks based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal, wherein one or more abnormal breathing checks comprises a hypopnea check, the hypopnea check comprising: creating a filtered respiration signal based at least in part on bandpass filtering the monitored respiration characteristic;monitoring the breathing cycle signal;clearing a positive surge counter and a negative surge counter each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to reset the hypopnea check at a start of each breathing cycle;creating a triggered respiration signal with a first level associated with a positive surge and a second level different from the first level and associated with a negative surge, the triggered respiration signal being based at least in part on the filtered respiration signal;monitoring the triggered respiration signal;incrementing the positive surge counter each time the triggered respiration signal transitions from the second level to the first level to count a positive surge after an initial positive surge associated with inhalation;incrementing the negative surge counter each time the triggered respiration signal transitions from the first level to the second level to count a negative surge;reading the positive surge counter and the negative surge counter each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level;determining if the positive surge count is not equal to zero or the negative surge count is not equal to one; andif either the positive surge count is not equal to zero or the negative surge count is not equal to one, abnormal breathing is detected based on the hypopnea check; ande) if abnormal breathing is detected, increasing the current desired pressure by a first increment until a maximum desired pressure is reached, otherwise, decreasing the current desired pressure by a second increment until a minimum desired pressure is reached. 2. The method of claim 1, a) further comprising: f) monitoring a characteristic of the breathing gas indicative of breathing gas pressure andg) controlling a variable mechanism of the positive airway pressure device using a closed loop control process based at least in part on a difference between the current desired pressure and the monitored pressure characteristic to reduce the difference. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the current desired pressure is based at least in part on a desired pressure profile. 4. The method of claim 3 wherein the desired pressure profile corresponds to a breathing cycle and comprises a first desired pressure associated with at least a portion of inhalation and a second desired pressure associated with at least a portion of exhalation, the second desired pressure being less than the first desired pressure. 5. The method of claim 3 wherein the desired pressure profile corresponds to a ramp period and comprises a first desired pressure associated with a time when the patient is presumed awake, a second desired pressure associated with a time when the patient is presumed asleep, and a ramp function to adjust the current desired pressure over the ramp period in relation to ramping from the first desired pressure to the second desired pressure, the first desired pressure being less than the second desired pressure. 6. The method of claim 1, c) further comprising: f) detecting a start of inhalation based at least in part on a first transition of the monitored respiration characteristic in relation to a first predetermined threshold;g) in response to detecting the start of inhalation, setting the breathing cycle signal to the first level;h) detecting an end of inhalation based at least in part on a second transition of the monitored respiration characteristic in relation to a second predetermined threshold; andi) in response to detecting the end of inhalation, setting the breathing cycle signal to the second level. 7. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the one or more abnormal breathing checks is based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal during a single breathing cycle. 8. The method of claim 1 wherein d) further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of an apnea check, a persistent flow limitation check, a slow breathing check, and a fast breathing check. 9. The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the one or more abnormal breathing checks is based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal during two consecutive breathing cycles. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein d) further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of an irregular breathing cycle check and an irregular inhalation period check. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein d) further comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of an apnea check, an irregular breathing cycle check, an irregular inhalation period check, a persistent flow limitation check, a slow breathing check, and a fast breathing check. 12. The method of claim 1, d) further comprising an apnea check, the apnea check comprising: f) monitoring the breathing cycle signal;g) operating a free running counter having a count value that changes over time;h) determining if the count value exceeds an apnea threshold;i) if the count value exceeds the apnea threshold, abnormal breathing is detected based on the apnea check; andj) resetting the count value of the free running counter each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level. 13. The method of claim 1, d) further comprising an irregular breathing cycle check, the irregular breathing cycle check comprising: f) monitoring the breathing cycle signal;g) operating a system timer having a current timer value that changes over time;h) latching the current timer value in a first storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to identify a start time for a current breathing cycle;i) determining a running breathing cycle time based at least in part on a difference between the start time and the current timer value;j) latching the running breathing cycle time in a second storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to store a current breathing cycle time;k) latching the current breathing cycle time in a third storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to store a previous breathing cycle time;l) determining a variance between consecutive breathing cycle times based at least in part on a difference between the previous breathing cycle time and the current breathing cycle time;m) determining if an absolute value of the variance exceeds an irregular breathing cycle threshold; andn) if the absolute value exceeds the irregular breathing cycle threshold, abnormal breathing is detected based on the irregular breathing cycle check. 14. The method of claim 1, d) further comprising an irregular inhalation period check, the irregular inhalation period check comprising: f) monitoring the breathing cycle signal;g) operating a system timer having a current timer value that changes over time;h) latching the current timer value in a first storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to identify a start time for a current inhalation period;i) determining a running inhalation period time based at least in part on a difference between the start time and the current timer value;j) storing the running inhalation period time in a fourth storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level to store a current inhalation period time;k) storing the current inhalation period time in a fifth storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level to store a previous inhalation period time;l) determining a variance between consecutive inhalation period times based at least in part on a difference between the previous inhalation period time and the current inhalation period time;m) determining if an absolute value of the variance exceeds an irregular inhalation period threshold; andn) if the absolute value exceeds the irregular inhalation period threshold, abnormal breathing is detected based on the irregular inhalation period check. 15. The method of claim 1, d) further comprising a persistent flow limitation check, the persistent flow limitation check comprising: f) monitoring the breathing cycle signal;g) operating a system timer having a current timer value that changes over time;h) storing the current timer value in a first storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to identify a start time for a current breathing cycle and a current inhalation period time;i) determining a running breathing cycle time based at least in part on a difference between the start time and the current timer value;j) storing the running breathing cycle time in a second storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to store a current breathing cycle time;k) determining a running inhalation period time based at least in part on a difference between the start time and the current timer value;l) storing the running inhalation period time in a fourth storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level to store a current inhalation period time;m) determining a ratio of the current inhalation period time to the current breathing cycle time;n) determining if the ratio exceeds an persistent flow limitation threshold; ando) if the ratio exceeds the persistent flow limitation threshold, abnormal breathing is detected based on the persistent flow limitation check. 16. The method of claim 1, d) further comprising a slow breathing check, the slow breathing check comprising: f) monitoring the breathing cycle signal;g) operating a system timer having a current timer value that changes over time;h) storing the current timer value in a first storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to identify a start time for a current breathing cycle;i) determining a running breathing cycle time based at least in part on a difference between the start time and the current timer value;j) storing the running breathing cycle time in a second storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to store a current breathing cycle time;k) determining if the current breathing cycle time exceeds a maximum threshold; andl) if the current breathing cycle time exceeds the maximum threshold, abnormal breathing is detected based on the slow breathing check. 17. The method of claim 1, d) further comprising a fast breathing check, the fast breathing check comprising: f) monitoring the breathing cycle signal;g) operating a system timer having a current timer value that changes over time;h) storing the current timer value in a first storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to identify a start time for a current breathing cycle;i) determining a running breathing cycle time based at least in part on a difference between the start time and the current timer value;j) storing the running breathing cycle time in a second storage location each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the second level to the first level to store a current breathing cycle time;k) determining if the current breathing cycle time is less than a minimum threshold; andl) if the current breathing cycle time is less than the minimum threshold, abnormal breathing is detected based on the fast breathing check. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the creating a triggered respiration signal further comprises: detecting a positive surge based at least in part on a first transition of the filtered respiration signal in relation to a first predetermined threshold;in response to detecting the positive surge, setting the triggered respiration signal to the first level;detecting a negative surge based at least in part on a second transition of the filtered respiration signal in relation to a second predetermined threshold; andin response to detecting the negative surge, setting the triggered respiration signal to the second level. 19. The method of claim 18 wherein the first and second levels of the triggered respiration signal correspond to voltage levels associated with opposing digital signal logic levels. 20. The method of claim 1 wherein each incremental increasing or decreasing in e) is associated with transition of the breathing cycle signal from the second level to the first level. 21. The method of claim 1, wherein the creating the breathing cycle signal comprises a Schmitt trigger to produce the breathing cycle signal. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the creating the triggered respiration signal comprises a Schmitt trigger to produce the triggered respiration signal. 23. A method for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure device, the method comprising: a) providing a breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient via a positive airway pressure device based at least in part on a current desired pressure;b) monitoring a characteristic of the breathing gas, a characteristic of the patient, or a characteristic of the positive airway pressure device that is indicative of respiration;c) creating a breathing cycle signal having a first level associated with inhalation and a second level different from the first level and associated with exhalation, the breathing cycle signal being based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;d) performing an abnormal breathing check based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal, wherein performing the abnormal breathing check comprises: creating a processed respiration signal based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;monitoring the breathing cycle signal;creating a triggered respiration signal with a first level associated with a positive surge and a second level different from the first level and associated with a negative surge, the triggered respiration signal being based at least in part on the processed respiration signal;monitoring the triggered respiration signal;incrementing a peak counter each time the triggered respiration signal transitions from the second level to the first level;reading the peak counter each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level;comparing the peak counter to a threshold level; andbased on the comparing, determining if abnormal breathing is detected; ande) if abnormal breathing is detected, increasing the current desired pressure by a first increment until a maximum desired pressure is reached, otherwise, decreasing the current desired pressure by a second increment until a minimum desired pressure is reached. 24. The method of claim 23, a) further comprising: f) monitoring a characteristic of the breathing gas indicative of breathing gas pressure;g) controlling a variable mechanism of the positive airway pressure device using a closed loop control process based at least in part on a difference between the current desired pressure and the monitored pressure characteristic to reduce the difference;h) determining if a runaway low pressure condition exists; andi) if a runaway low pressure condition is detected, setting the current desired pressure to a desired startup pressure. 25. The method of claim 23, wherein the first and second levels of the triggered respiration signal correspond to voltage levels associated with opposing digital signal logic levels. 26. The method of claim 23, wherein the processed respiration signal is based at least in part on bandpass filtering the monitored respiration characteristic. 27. The method of claim 23, wherein the processed respiration signal is based at least in part on differentiating the monitored respiration characteristic. 28. The method of claim 23, wherein the creating the breathing cycle signal comprises a Schmitt trigger to produce the breathing cycle signal. 29. The method of claim 23, wherein the creating the triggered respiration signal comprises a Schmitt trigger to produce the triggered respiration signal. 30. An apparatus for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure device, the apparatus comprising: a breathing gas flow path in operative communication with a closed loop control logic, the breathing gas flow path and closed loop control logic being adapted to provide a breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient based at least in part on a current desired pressure;a respiration characteristic monitoring logic in operative communication with the breathing gas flow path to monitor a characteristic of the breathing gas, a characteristic of the patient, or a characteristic of the apparatus that is indicative of respiration;a breathing cycle signal logic in operative communication with the respiration characteristic monitoring logic to create a breathing cycle signal having a first level associated with inhalation and a second level different from the first level and associated with exhalation, the breathing cycle signal being based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;an abnormal breathing check logic in operative communication with at least one of the breathing cycle signal logic and the respiration characteristic monitoring logic to perform an abnormal breathing check based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal, wherein the abnormal breathing check logic comprises: logic for creating a processed respiration signal based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;logic for monitoring the breathing cycle signal;logic for creating a triggered respiration signal with a first level associated with a positive surge and a second level different from the first level and associated with a negative surge, the triggered respiration signal being based at least in part on the processed respiration signal;logic for monitoring the triggered respiration signal;logic for incrementing a first counter based on a transition of the triggered respiration signal from the second level to the first level to count a rising edge;logic for incrementing a second counter based on a transition of the triggered respiration signal from the first level to the second level to count a falling edge;logic for reading the first counter and the second counter each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level;logic for comparing the first counter and second counter to one or more threshold levels; andbased on the comparing, logic for determining if abnormal breathing is detected; anda desired pressure adjustment logic in operative communication with the abnormal breathing check logic, breathing cycle signal logic, and closed loop control logic to increase the current desired pressure by a first increment until a maximum desired pressure is reached, if abnormal breathing is detected and to decrease the current desired pressure by a second increment until a minimum desired pressure is reached if abnormal breathing is not detected. 31. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the first and second levels of the triggered respiration signal correspond to voltage levels associated with opposing digital signal logic levels. 32. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the logic for creating a processed respiration signal comprises a bandpass filter. 33. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the logic for creating a processed respiration signal comprises a differentiator. 34. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the logic for incrementing the first counter comprises logic for incrementing during each transition of the triggered respiration signal from the second level to the first level. 35. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the breathing cycle signal logic comprises a Schmitt trigger to create the breathing cycle signal. 36. The apparatus of claim 30, wherein the abnormal breathing check logic comprises a Schmitt trigger to create the triggered respiration signal. 37. A method for adjusting a desired pressure in a positive airway pressure device, the method comprising: a) providing a breathing gas under positive pressure to a patient via a positive airway pressure device based at least in part on a current desired pressure;b) monitoring a characteristic of the breathing gas that is indicative of respiration;c) creating a breathing cycle signal with a first level associated with inhalation and a second level different from the first level and associated with exhalation, the breathing cycle signal being based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;d) performing one or more abnormal breathing checks based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic and the breathing cycle signal, wherein one or more abnormal breathing checks comprises a hypopnea check, the hypopnea check comprising: creating a processed respiration signal based at least in part on the monitored respiration characteristic;monitoring the breathing cycle signal;creating a triggered respiration signal with a first level associated with a positive surge and a second level different from the first level and associated with a negative surge, the triggered respiration signal being based at least in part on the processed respiration signal;monitoring the triggered respiration signal;incrementing a first counter based on a transition of the triggered respiration signal from the second level to the first level to count a rising edge;incrementing a second counter based on a transition of the triggered respiration signal from the first level to the second level to count a falling edge;reading the first counter and the second counter each time the breathing cycle signal transitions from the first level to the second level;comparing the first counter and second counter to one or more threshold levels; andbased on the comparing, determining if abnormal breathing is detected based on the hypopnea check; ande) if abnormal breathing is detected, increasing the current desired pressure by a first increment until a maximum desired pressure is reached, otherwise, decreasing the current desired pressure by a second increment until a minimum desired pressure is reached. 38. The method of claim 37 wherein the first and second levels of the triggered respiration signal correspond to voltage levels associated with opposing digital signal logic levels. 39. The method of claim 37, wherein the processed respiration signal is based at least in part on bandpass filtering the monitored respiration characteristic. 40. The method of claim 37, wherein the processed respiration signal is based at least in part on differentiating the monitored respiration characteristic. 41. The method of claim 37, wherein the first counter is incremented during each transition of the triggered respiration signal from the second level to the first level. 42. The method of claim 37, wherein the creating the breathing cycle signal comprises a Schmitt trigger to produce the breathing cycle signal. 43. The method of claim 37, wherein the creating the triggered respiration signal comprises a Schmitt trigger to produce the triggered respiration signal.
연구과제 타임라인
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
LOADING...
이 특허에 인용된 특허 (165)
Michael Berthon-Jones AU; Steven Paul Farrugia AU, Administration of CPAP treatment pressure in presence of APNEA.
Westenskow Dwayne D. (Salt Lake City UT) Loughlin Patrick J. (Seattle WA) Jaklitsch Roman R. (Lbeck DEX) Wallroth Carl-Friedrich (Lbeck DEX), Anesthesia ventilating apparatus having a breathing circuit and control loops for anesthetic gas components.
Gruenke Roger A. ; Trimble Russell L. ; Lasnier Christopher D. ; Loethen Steven W. ; Orlt Jiri G. ; Snook James A. ; Wyble Marilyn S., Apparatus for compensating for flow and pressure variances in pneumatic circuits.
Miles Laughton E. (1335 Alma St. Palo Alto CA 94301), Cardio-respiratory control and monitoring system for determining CPAP pressure for apnea treatment.
Peter John Deacon Wickham AU; Ian Malcolm Smith AU; Denis Bullock AU; Patrick John McAuliffe AU, Control member for a valve and method for determining fluid flow rate through a valve.
Sullivan Colin E. (Sidney AUX) Lynch Christopher (Sidney AUX), Device and method for monitoring breathing during sleep, control of CPAP treatment, and preventing of apnea.
Cotner Ronald L. (Derry NH) Parise Gerald J. (Bedford NH) Asacker Thomas E. (Exeter NH) Sadrnoori Bijan (N. Andover MA) Muller Robert A. (Manchester NH), Device and method for the treatment of sleep apnea syndrome.
Sullivan Colin E. (27 Wharf Road ; Birchgrove Sydney ; NSW 2041 AUX) Lynch Christopher (376 Lane Cove Road ; North Ryde Sydney ; NSW 2113 AUX), Device for monitoring breathing during sleep and control of CPAP treatment that is patient controlled.
Eckles Robert D. (Malcom NE) McDermitt Dayle K. (Lincoln NE) Welles Jonathan M. (Lincoln NE), Gas analyzing apparatus and method for simultaneous measurement of carbon dioxide and water.
Gruenke Roger A. (Overland Park KS) Trimble Russell L. (Overland Park KS), Inspiratory airway pressure system using constant pressure and measuring flow signals to determine airway patency.
Gruenke Roger A. (Overland Park KS) Trimble Russell L. (Overland Park KS) Lasnier Christopher D. (Olathe KS) Loethen Steven W. (Independence MO) Orlt Jiri G. (Shawnee KS) Snook James A. (Overland Par, Inspiratory airway pressure system with admittance determining apparatus and method.
Axe John R. (Arlington TX) Bebehani Khosrow (Arlington TX) Burk John R. (Aledo TX) Lucas Edgar A. (Fort Worth TX) Yen Fu-Chung (Arlington TX), Method and apparatus for controlling sleep disorder breathing.
Axe John R. (Arlington) Behbehani Khosrow (Arlington) Burk John R. (Aledo) Lucas Edgar A. (Fort Worth) Yen Fu-Chung (Arlington TX), Method and apparatus for controlling sleep disorder breathing.
Sanders Mark H. (Pittsburgh PA) Zdrojkowski Ronald J. (Pittsburgh PA), Method and apparatus for maintaining airway patency to treat sleep apnea and other disorders.
Rapoport David M. (New York NY) Norman Robert G. (New Windsor NY), Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea.
Rapoport David M. (New York NY) Norman Robert G. (New Windsor NY) Gruenke Roger A. (Overland Park KS), Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea.
Rapoport David M. ; Norman Robert G., Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea.
Rapoport David M. ; Norman Robert G. ; Gruenke Roger A., Method and apparatus for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea.
Estes, Mark C.; Fiore, John; Mechlenburg, Douglas M.; Ressler, Heather; Kepler, Jeff, Method and apparatus for providing positive airway pressure to a patient.
Estes Mark C. (Irwin PA) Fiore John H. (Irwin PA), Method and apparatus for providing proportional positive airway pressure to treat sleep disordered breathing.
Behbehani Khosrow ; Burk John R. ; Lopez Francisco J. ; Lucas Edgar A., Method and apparatus for treatment of sleep disorder breathing employing artificial neural network.
Hansen, Gary L.; Bordewick, Steven S.; Bloom, Nicole Denise, Method and combination for treating sleep apnea using a cantilever mask attachment device.
Rapoport David M. (New York NY) Norman Robert G. (New Windsor NY), Method for optimizing the continuous positive airway pressure for treating obstructive sleep apnea.
Corenman James E. (Oakland CA) Braig James R. (Hayward CA) Goldberger Daniel S. (San Francisco CA) Rojas Emil P. (Los Gatos CA) Stone James H. (Saratoga CA), Multichannel gas analyzer and method of use.
Evers David C. (Acworth GA) Lindsey A. Darrell (Marrietta GA) Finch Marcus (Atlanta GA) Gorsuch Reynolds G. F. (Yountville CA), Patient monitor and support system.
Culver John A. (San Francisco CA) Flewelling Ross F. (Oakland CA) Farbarik John M. (Hayward CA) Stuart Charles E. (San Jose CA) Davenport James M. (Fallbrook CA), Portable carbon dioxide monitor.
Brydon John William Ernest,AUX ; Wickham Peter John Deacon,AUX ; Bachak Miroslav,AUX ; Hollis Shane Douglas,AUX, Pressure control in CPAP treatment or assisted respiration.
Daniels Rich H. ; DelFavero John R. ; Feldman Barry J. ; Gunneson Paul B. ; Jaffe Michael B. ; Wigforss Eric P., Respiratory profile parameter determination method and apparatus.
Mechlenburg Douglas M. (Pittsburgh PA) Kimmel Steven A. (Greensburg PA) Fiore John H. (Irwin PA), Sleep apnea treatment apparatus and passive humidifier for use therewith.
Mechlenburg Douglas M. (Pittsburgh PA) Kimmel Steven A. (Greensburg PA) Fiore John H. (Irwin PA), Sleep apnea treatment apparatus and passive humidifier for use therewith.
Estes Mark C. (Irwin PA) Cattano Janice M. (Gibsonia PA) Mechlenburg Douglas M. (Pittsburgh PA), Sleep apnea treatment apparatus having multiple ramp cycles.
Wallace Charles L. ; Sanborn Warren G. ; Arnett David ; Ferguson Howard L. ; Butterbrodt Jay, System and method for controlling the start up of a patient ventilator.
Wallace Charles L. ; Sanborn Warren G. ; Arnett David ; Butterbrodt Jay ; Ferguson Howard L. ; Teel H. Clay, System and method for setting and displaying ventilator alarms.
Wallace Charles L. ; Sanborn Warren G. ; Arnett David ; Butterbrodt Jay ; Ferguson Howard L. ; Teel H. Clay, System and method for setting and displaying ventilator alarms.
Xu, James Jun; Squillacioti, Leonard Paul; Francese, Stephen Frank; Shewchuk, Brian Scott; Wollman, Erich John, Detecting coolant leaks in turbine generators.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.