Premixing device for low emission combustion process
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
F02C-001/00
F02G-003/00
출원번호
US-0273212
(2005-11-14)
등록번호
US-8266911
(2012-09-18)
발명자
/ 주소
Evulet, Andrei Tristan
출원인 / 주소
General Electric Company
대리인 / 주소
Coppa, Francis T.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
6인용 특허 :
27
초록▼
A premixing device is provided. The premixing device includes an air inlet configured to introduce compressed air into a mixing chamber of the premixing device and a fuel plenum configured to provide a fuel to the mixing chamber via a circumferential slot and over a pre-determined profile adjacent t
A premixing device is provided. The premixing device includes an air inlet configured to introduce compressed air into a mixing chamber of the premixing device and a fuel plenum configured to provide a fuel to the mixing chamber via a circumferential slot and over a pre-determined profile adjacent the fuel plenum, wherein the pre-determined profile facilitates attachment of the fuel to the profile to form a fuel boundary layer and to entrain incoming air through the fuel boundary layer to facilitate mixing of fuel and air in the mixing chamber.
대표청구항▼
1. A premixing device, comprising: a compressor configured to compress ambient air;an air inlet configured to introduce compressed air received from the compressor into a mixing chamber of the premixing device; anda fuel plenum configured to provide a fuel to the mixing chamber via a circumferential
1. A premixing device, comprising: a compressor configured to compress ambient air;an air inlet configured to introduce compressed air received from the compressor into a mixing chamber of the premixing device; anda fuel plenum configured to provide a fuel to the mixing chamber via a circumferential slot and over a pre-determined profile adjacent the fuel plenum, wherein the pre-determined profile facilitates attachment of the fuel to the pre-determined profile to form a fuel boundary layer and to entrain incoming air through the fuel boundary layer to facilitate mixing of fuel and air in the mixing chamber. 2. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the pre-determined profile deflects the fuel supplied through the circumferential slot towards the pre-determined profile via a Coanda effect. 3. The premixing device of claim 1, further comprising a swirler disposed upstream of the device and configured to provide a swirl movement in the air introduced into the mixing chamber. 4. The premixing device of claim 1, comprising a plurality of air inlets disposed upstream, or downstream of the circumferential slot to facilitate mixing of air and fuel within the mixing chamber. 5. The premixing device of claim 1, comprising a plurality of slots along the length of the premixing device for introducing the fuel at a plurality of locations within the mixing chamber. 6. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the air supplied through the air inlet forms a shear layer with the fuel boundary layer to facilitate mixing of air and fuel. 7. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein a degree of premixing is controlled by a fuel type, or a geometry of the pre-determined profile, or a degree of pre-swirl of the air, or a size of the circumferential slot, or a fuel pressure, or a temperature of the fuel, or a temperature of the air, or a length of premixing, or a fuel injection velocity, or combinations thereof. 8. The premixing device of claim 1, further comprising a diffuser having a divergent profile for directing the fuel-air mixture formed from the mixing of the fuel and the air to a combustion section for combustion. 9. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the premixing device is configured to substantially reduce pollutant emissions. 10. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the premixing device is configured for use in a gas turbine combustor, or a gas range. 11. The premixing device of claim 10, wherein the gas turbine combustor comprises a can combustor, or a can-annular combustor, or an annular combustor. 12. The premixing device of claim 1, wherein the fuel comprises natural gas, or high hydrogen gas, or hydrogen, or bio gas, or carbon monoxide, or a syngas. 13. The premixing device of claim 12, wherein the fuel is supplied at a pressure relatively higher than a pressure of the air. 14. A low emission combustor, comprising: a combustor housing defining a combustion area;a compressor in flow communication with the combustor and configured to compress ambient air; anda premixing device coupled to the combustor, wherein the premixing device comprises:an air inlet to introduce compressed air received from the compressor inside the premixing device;a fuel plenum configured to provide a fuel to the premixing device via a circumferential slot; andat least one surface of the premixing device having a pre-determined profile, wherein the pre-determined profile is configured to facilitate attachment of the fuel to the pre-determined profile to form a boundary layer and to entrain incoming air from the air inlet to promote the mixing of air and fuel. 15. The combustor of claim 14, further comprising a swirler disposed downstream of the premixing device to facilitate stabilization of the flow of a fuel-air mixture formed from the mixing of the air and the fuel from the premixing device. 16. The combustor of claim 14, wherein the pre-determined profile is selected to deflect the fuel towards the pre-determined profile based upon a Coanda effect. 17. The combustor of claim 14, wherein the premixing device is configured to substantially reduce pollutant emissions from the combustor. 18. The combustor of claim 14, wherein the fuel comprises natural gas, or high hydrogen gas, or hydrogen, or bio gas, or carbon monoxide, or a syngas. 19. The combustor of claim 18, wherein the fuel comprises pure hydrogen. 20. A method for premixing a fuel and oxidizer in a combustion system, comprising: compressing the oxidizer using a compressor in flow communication with the combustion system;drawing the oxidizer inside a premixing device through an oxidizer inlet;injecting the fuel into the premixing device through a circumferential slot;deflecting the injected fuel towards a pre-determined profile within the premixing device to form a fuel boundary layer;introducing the oxidizer at a plurality of locations upstream, or downstream of the circumferential slot to facilitate mixing; andentraining the oxidizer through the fuel boundary layer to facilitate mixing of the fuel and oxidizer to form a fuel-air mixture. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the oxidizer comprises air or, an oxidizer having a volumetric content of about 10% oxygen. 22. The method of claim 20, wherein the oxidizer comprises syngas and the fuel comprises high purity oxygen for use in oxy-fuel combustors. 23. The method of claim 20, further comprising flowing the fuel-oxidizer mixture from the premixing device into the combustion system and subsequently igniting the mixture within the combustion system. 24. The method of claim 20, wherein the entrained oxidizer forms a shear layer with the fuel boundary layer to promote mixing of oxidizer and fuel. 25. The method of claim 20, comprising injecting the fuel at a plurality of locations along the length of the premixing device. 26. A method for reducing emissions from a combustion system, comprising: compressing ambient air using a compressor in flow communication with the combustion system;introducing the compressed air at a plurality of locations upstream, or downstream of the combustion system;coupling a premixing device upstream of the combustion system, wherein the premixing device is configured to facilitate premixing of the compressed air and fuel by deflecting the fuel over a pre-determined profile to form a fuel boundary layer and subsequently entraining the compressed air through the fuel boundary layer to facilitate mixing of the fuel and air. 27. The method of claim 26, wherein deflecting the fuel over the pre-determined profile comprises inducing a Coanda effect via the pre-determined profile to facilitate attachment of the fuel to the pre-determined profile. 28. A gas turbine, comprising: a compressor configured to compress ambient air;a combustor in flow communication with the compressor, the combustor being configured to receive compressed air from the compressor assembly and to combust a fuel stream to generate a combustor exit gas stream;a premixing device disposed upstream of the combustor to facilitate the premixing of air and the fuel stream prior to combustion in the combustor, wherein the premixing device comprises:at least one surface of the premixing device having a pre-determined profile, wherein the pre-determined profile deflects the fuel stream to facilitate attachment of the fuel stream to the pre-determined profile to form a fuel boundary layer, and wherein the fuel boundary layer entrains incoming air to enable the mixing of the fuel stream and air; anda turbine located downstream of the combustor and configured to expand the combustor exit gas stream. 29. The gas turbine of claim 28, wherein the premixing device comprises an air inlet to introduce the compressed air into the premixing device. 30. The gas turbine of claim 28, wherein the premixing device comprises a fuel plenum to provide fuel over the pre-determined profile via a circumferential slot.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (27)
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