A portable linear fastener driving tool is provided that drive staples, nails, or other linearly driven fasteners. The tool uses a gas spring principle, in which a cylinder filled with compressed gas is used to quickly force a piston through a driving stroke movement, while a driver also drives a fa
A portable linear fastener driving tool is provided that drive staples, nails, or other linearly driven fasteners. The tool uses a gas spring principle, in which a cylinder filled with compressed gas is used to quickly force a piston through a driving stroke movement, while a driver also drives a fastener into a workpiece. The piston/driver is then moved back to its starting position by use of a rotary-to-linear lifter, and the piston again compresses the gas above the piston, thereby preparing the tool for another driving stroke. The driver has protrusions along its edges that contact the lifter, which lifts the driver during a return stroke. A pivotable latch is controlled to move into either an interfering position or a non-interfering position with respect to the driver protrusions, and acts as a safety device, by preventing the driver from making a full driving stroke at an improper time.
대표청구항▼
1. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacemen
1. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) a guide body that is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder, said guide body having a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said receiving end being proximal to said second end of the cylinder, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(c) a driver member that is in mechanical communication with said piston at a third end of said driver member, said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push said fastener from said exit end of the guide body, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body after said piston moves toward the second end of said cylinder, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body after said piston moves toward the first end of said cylinder;(d) a main storage chamber that substantially surrounds at least a portion of said cylinder and always is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are charged with a pressurized gas during all portions of an operating cycle, with no gas replenishment system on-board said tool; and(e) a lifter member that, under first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position;wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas of both said main storage chamber and said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts said fastener and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body. 2. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 1, further comprising at least one piston seal that acts to retain a substantial majority of said pressurized gas within said main storage chamber and said displacement volume, thereby virtually eliminating a need for an on-board pressurized gas replenishment system. 3. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein said pressurized gas within said main storage chamber and said displacement volume is under a pressure of at least 100 pounds per square inch, when said piston is at its ready position. 4. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 3, wherein said pressurized gas is more preferably under a pressure of at least 120 pounds per square inch, when said piston is at its ready position. 5. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 1, further comprising a piston end seal, a piston guide, and a piston scraper, all proximal to said piston and within said wall of the cylinder. 6. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 1, further comprising a first piston end seal proximal to a first end of said piston, a second piston end seal proximal to a second end of said piston, a movable annular chamber between said first and second piston end seals and within said wall of the cylinder, in which said movable annular chamber is at least partially filled with lubricating fluid. 7. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 1, further comprising a fastener magazine for holding a plurality of fasteners, and for serially supplying said plurality of fasteners through an opening of the guide body to a position that is coincident with the path of said driver member during said driving stroke. 8. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 1, wherein said displacement volume that is in contact with said piston is always pressurized above atmospheric pressure. 9. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) a guide body that is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder, said guide body having a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said receiving end being proximal to said second end of the cylinder, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(c) a driver member that is in mechanical communication with said piston at a third end of said driver member, said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push said fastener from said exit end of the guide body, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body after said piston moves toward the second end of said cylinder, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body after said piston moves toward the first end of said cylinder;(d) a main storage chamber that substantially surrounds at least a portion of said cylinder and always is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are charged with a pressurized gas during all portions of an operating cycle, with no gas replenishment system on-board said tool; and(e) a lifter member that, under first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position;wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas of both said main storage chamber and said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts said fastener and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body; andwherein a volume of said main storage chamber is greater than said displacement volume by a volumetric ratio of about 2.5:1 or more. 10. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 9, wherein said volumetric ratio is more preferably about 3.0:1 or more. 11. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) a guide body that is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder, said guide body having a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said receiving end being proximal to said second end of the cylinder, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(c) a driver member that is in mechanical communication with said piston at a third end of said driver member, said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push said fastener from said exit end of the guide body, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body after said piston moves toward the second end of said cylinder, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body after said piston moves toward the first end of said cylinder;(d) a main storage chamber that substantially surrounds at least a portion of said cylinder and always is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are charged with a pressurized gas during all portions of an operating cycle, with no gas replenishment system on-board said tool; and(e) a lifter member that, under first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position;wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas of both said main storage chamber and said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts said fastener and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body; andwherein said main storage chamber is substantially cylindrical in shape, and is substantially co-axial with said cylinder. 12. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) a main storage chamber that is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are initially charged with a pressurized gas;(c) a guide body that is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder, said guide body having a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said receiving end being proximal to said second end of the cylinder, said guide body having an opening for receiving a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(d) an elongated driver member that is in mechanical communication with said piston at a third end of said driver member: (i) said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push a fastener into an external workpiece, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body after said piston moves toward the second end of said cylinder, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body after said piston moves toward the first end of said cylinder;(ii) said driver member having a first longitudinal edge,(iii) said driver member having a first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said first longitudinal edge; and(e) a lifter member that exhibits an outer shape, in which its outer shape defines a perimeter of a surface, said surface comprising a face that is semi-circular in shape on a first portion of the face and is elliptical in shape on a second portion of the face: (i) said lifter member being rotated, under first predetermined conditions, by a drive member that is in mechanical communication with said lifter member,(ii) said lifter member having a plurality of extensions that protrude from said face surface, and under said first predetermined conditions, said plurality of extensions are brought into mechanical contact with said first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said first longitudinal edge of the driver member during said return stroke, and thereby moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position, and(iii) said lifter member being positionable, under second predetermined conditions such that a portion of the perimeter of said lifter member and said plurality of extensions is not proximal to said first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of the driver member, and thereby prevents said plurality of extensions of the lifter member from mechanically interfering with said first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of the driver member during said driving stroke in which said driver member is moved from its ready position toward its driven position. 13. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 12, wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under said second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas in said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts a fastener within said guide body and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body. 14. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 12, wherein said lifter member makes at least two rotations during said first predetermined conditions, as said driver member is moved from its driven position toward its ready position. 15. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 12, wherein said lifter member exhibits a variable distance driving stroke capability by causing said lifter member to make a different number of rotations during said first predetermined conditions, as said driver member is moved from its driven position toward its ready position. 16. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 12, wherein said drive member comprises a drive shaft that is substantially perpendicular with said surface that is defined by the perimeter of said lifter member. 17. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 12, further comprising: a fastener magazine for holding a plurality of fasteners, and for serially supplying said plurality of fasteners through an opening of the guide body to a position that is coincident with the path of said driver member during said driving stroke. 18. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a guide body that has a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(b) a driver actuation device that has a first end and a second end, said second end being movable;(c) an elongated driver member that is in mechanical communication with said second end of the driver actuation device at a third end of said driver member: (i) said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push a fastener from said exit end of the guide body, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body,(ii) said driver member having at least one longitudinal edge and having a direction of movement between its driven and ready positions,(iii) said driver member having at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said at least one longitudinal edge; and(d) a lifter member that exhibits a rotational center, and has a face surface that extends from said rotational center to an outer perimeter; wherein: (i) said outer perimeter of the face surface is semi-circular in shape on a first portion of the outer perimeter and is elliptical in shape on a second portion of the outer perimeter;(ii) said outer perimeter does not make contact with said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of said driver member;(iii) said face surface exhibits a discontinuous contact surface that, at predetermined locations along said discontinuous contact surface, makes contact with said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of said driver member such that said lifter member is moved in a first direction and thereby causes said driver member to be moved from its driven position toward its ready position;wherein:(e) said lifter member, under first predetermined conditions, forces said driver member to undergo a return stroke and move toward said ready position; and(f) said driver actuation device, under second predetermined conditions, forces said driver member to undergo a driving stroke and move toward said driven position. 19. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 18, wherein: (a) said lifter member is rotated, under first said predetermined conditions, by a drive shaft that is in mechanical communication with said lifter member;(b) said discontinuous contact surface of the lifter member comprises a plurality of extensions that protrude from a surface of the lifter member and, under said first predetermined conditions, said plurality of extensions are brought into mechanical contact with said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said at least one longitudinal edge of the driver member, and thereby, under said first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position, and(c) said lifter member is positionable, under second predetermined conditions such that said plurality of extensions of the lifter member are prevented from mechanically interfering with said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said at least one longitudinal edge of the driver member during said driving stroke in which said driver member is moved from its ready position toward its driven position. 20. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 18, further comprising: a fastener magazine for holding a plurality of fasteners, and for serially supplying said plurality of fasteners through said opening of the guide body to a position that is coincident with the path of said driver member during said driving stroke. 21. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 18, wherein said driver actuation device comprises one of: (a) a mechanical spring; (b) a gas spring; (c) a compressed gas valve; (d) a pressurized liquid valve; (e) a motor; and (f) compressed foam. 22. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 18, wherein: (a) said driver actuation device comprises: a hollow cylinder having a cylindrical wall and containing a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having two opposite ends which comprise said first end and said second end of the driver actuation device, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) the receiving end of said guide body is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder;(c) said driver member is in mechanical communication with said piston at the third end of said driver member; andfurther comprising:(d) a main storage chamber that is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are initially charged with a pressurized gas. 23. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 22, wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under said second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas of both said main storage chamber and said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts a fastener within said guide body and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body. 24. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 18, further comprising a latch member that has a catching surface and a sliding surface, such that: (a) under third predetermined conditions, said latch member is controlled by a separate device and is forced into a non-catching position such that its catching surface does not interfere with said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of said driver member, thereby allowing said driver member to move in a third direction from its ready position to its driven position; and(b) under fourth predetermined conditions, during which said driver member is being moved in a second direction from its driven position to its ready position, said separate device releases said latch member so that the latch member is not forced into a non-catching position, said latch member is directed toward a catching position, however, said sliding surface of the latch member allows said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of the driver member to slide along the latch member without being stopped so long as the driver member remains moving in the second direction; and(c) under fifth predetermined conditions, if said driver member moves in said third direction, and if said separate device is not forcing said latch member into said non-catching position, then said latch member is free to engage its catching surface against one of said at least one plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of said driver member, thereby preventing said driver member from further movement in said third direction. 25. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) a guide body that is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder, said guide body having a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said receiving end being proximal to said second end of the cylinder, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(c) an elongated driver member that is in mechanical communication with said piston at a third end of said driver member: (i) said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push a fastener into an external workpiece, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body after said piston moves toward the second end of said cylinder, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body after said piston moves toward the first end of said cylinder;(ii) said driver member having a first longitudinal edge and having a direction of movement between its driven and ready positions,(iii) said driver member having a first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said first longitudinal edge;(d) a lifter member that, under first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position, wherein: (i) said lifter member is rotated, under first predetermined conditions, by a drive shaft that is in mechanical communication with said lifter member;(ii) said lifter member has a face surface that extends from a rotational center to an outer perimeter, said face being semi-circular in shape on a first portion of the face and being elliptical in shape on a second portion of the face;(iii) said lifter member has a plurality of extensions that protrude from said face surface of the lifter member at locations that are along said first semi-circular portion of the face, and under said first predetermined conditions, said plurality of extensions are brought into mechanical contact with at least one of said first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said first longitudinal edge of the driver member, and thereby, under said first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position, and(iv) said lifter member is positionable, under second predetermined conditions such that said plurality of extensions of the lifter member are prevented from mechanically interfering with said first plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said first longitudinal edge of the driver member during said driving stroke in which said driver member is moved from its ready position toward its driven position; and(e) a driver actuation device that, under second predetermined conditions, forces said driver member to undergo a driving stroke and move toward said driven position. 26. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 25, further comprising: a fastener magazine for holding a plurality of fasteners, and for serially supplying said plurality of fasteners through said opening of the guide body to a position that is coincident with the path of said driver member during said driving stroke. 27. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 25, further comprising a main storage chamber that is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are initially charged with a pressurized gas. 28. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 27, wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under said second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas of both said main storage chamber and said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts a fastener within said guide body and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body. 29. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 25, wherein said driver actuation device comprises one of: (a) a mechanical spring; (b) a gas spring; (c) a compressed gas valve; (d) a pressurized liquid valve; (e) a motor; and (f) compressed foam. 30. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a hollow cylinder comprising a cylindrical wall and having a movable piston therewithin, said hollow cylinder having a first end and a second, opposite end, said hollow cylinder containing a displacement volume created by a stroke of said piston;(b) a guide body that is substantially adjacent to the second end of said cylinder, said guide body having a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said receiving end being proximal to said second end of the cylinder, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(c) a driver member that is in mechanical communication with said piston at a third end of said driver member, said driver member having a fourth, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push said fastener from said exit end of the guide body, wherein said passageway of the guide body allows said driver member to pass therethrough toward said exit end during a driving stroke and toward said receiving end during a return stroke, said driver member, when at a driven position, protruding toward said exit end of the guide body after said piston moves toward the second end of said cylinder, and said driver member, when at a ready position, being withdrawn into said guide body after said piston moves toward the first end of said cylinder;(d) a main storage chamber that substantially surrounds at least a portion of said cylinder and always is in fluidic communication with said displacement volume of the cylinder, wherein said main storage chamber and said displacement volume are charged with a pressurized gas during all portions of an operating cycle, with no gas replenishment system on-board said tool; and(e) a lifter member that, under first predetermined conditions, moves said driver member from its driven position toward its ready position;wherein said cylinder and piston act as a gas spring, under second predetermined conditions, to move said driver member from its ready position toward its driven position, using said pressurized gas of both said main storage chamber and said displacement volume acting on said piston, while said driver member's fourth end contacts said fastener and moves the fastener from said exit end of said guide body; andwherein said cylinder is the sole cylinder of said driving mechanism, and said piston is the sole piston of said driving mechanism. 31. The driving mechanism as recited in claim 30, further comprising at least one piston seal that acts to retain a substantial majority of said pressurized gas within said main storage chamber and said displacement volume, thereby virtually eliminating a need for an on-board pressurized gas replenishment system. 32. A driving mechanism for use in a fastener driving tool, said driving mechanism comprising: (a) a guide body that has a receiving end, an exit end, and a passageway therebetween, said guide body being configured to receive a fastener that is to be driven from said exit end;(b) a movable driver actuation device;(c) an elongated driver member that is in mechanical communication with said movable driver actuation device at a first end of said driver member, said driver member having a second, opposite end that is sized and shaped to push a fastener from said exit end of the guide body, said driver member having a substantially linear direction of movement between a driven position and a ready position, said driver member having a longitudinal edge, said driver member having a plurality of spaced-apart protrusions along said longitudinal edge, wherein said plurality of protrusions are substantially elongated along their outer perimeter, having two substantially straight parallel outer edges that are substantially parallel to said longitudinal edge of the driver member; and(d) a lifter member that exhibits a discontinuous contact surface that, at predetermined locations along said discontinuous contact surface, makes contact with said plurality of spaced-apart protrusions of said driver member such that, as said lifter member is moved in a first rotational direction, said lifter member causes said driver member to be moved from its driven position toward its ready position, said discontinuous contact surface comprising a plurality of spaced-apart extensions having a substantially circular outer perimeter. 33. The driving mechanism of claim 32, wherein: (a) said plurality of spaced-apart protrusions are substantially rectangular in shape along their outer perimeter, with their longer axes substantially parallel to said longitudinal edge of the driver member; and(b) said plurality of spaced-apart protrusions have somewhat rounded corners along their outer perimeter, so as to make smooth contact with said plurality of spaced-apart extensions of the lifter member. 34. The driving mechanism of claim 32, wherein said plurality of spaced-apart extensions of the lifter member exhibit an arcuate path of movement that intersects a substantially linear path of movement of said plurality of protrusions of said driver member, when said driver member is moved from its driven position toward its ready position. 35. The driving mechanism of claim 34, wherein said plurality of spaced-apart extensions of the lifter member become interspersed, one at a time, with said plurality of protrusions of said driver member, when said driver member is moved from its driven position toward its ready position.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (17)
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