IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0480411
(2009-06-08)
|
등록번호 |
US-8280647
(2012-10-02)
|
우선권정보 |
EP-06405509 (2006-12-07) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Stadler, Konrad
- Poncet, Andreas
- Von Hoff, Thomas
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
대리인 / 주소 |
Buchanan Ingersoll & Rooney PC
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
3 인용 특허 :
10 |
초록
▼
For monitoring (unmeasured) process states of a rotating machine having a combustion chamber (e.g. a gas turbine), compositions of educts entering the combustion chamber are measured. Based on the compositions of the educts, the composition of the product produced by the combustion chamber can be de
For monitoring (unmeasured) process states of a rotating machine having a combustion chamber (e.g. a gas turbine), compositions of educts entering the combustion chamber are measured. Based on the compositions of the educts, the composition of the product produced by the combustion chamber can be determined. Moreover, the mechanical power (Pmech) generated by the rotating machine can be determined. Based on the mechanical power (Pmech), the composition of the educts and product, and stoichiometric relationships of educts and product, the values of process states, such as the air mass flow (wa) through the compressor leading into the combustion chamber and/or the gas mass flow (wg), the composition and/or the temperature (T3) of exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber can be determined. Based on precise measurements of the educt (e.g. the composition of air and fuel in the combustion process), the product (i.e. the composition of the exhaust gas and its temperature) is derived and, without the need of an iterative or recursive method, the turbine inlet temperature (T3) can be monitored and controlled.
대표청구항
▼
1. A method of monitoring at least one process state of an internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber, the method comprising: measuring compositions of educts (ma, mf) entering a combustion chamber;determining, based on the compositions of the educts (ma, mf), a composition of a product
1. A method of monitoring at least one process state of an internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber, the method comprising: measuring compositions of educts (ma, mf) entering a combustion chamber;determining, based on the compositions of the educts (ma, mf), a composition of a product produced by the combustion chamber;determining mechanical power (Pmech) generated by the internal combustion engine;determining a value of at least one process state based on the mechanical power (Pmech), the composition of the educts (ma, mf) and product, and stoichiometric relationships of educts and product; andmeasuring temperatures of the educts and product, and determining enthalpies for the educts and product using enthalpy functions associated with their respective compositions, wherein determining the enthalpies for educts and product is based on their respective temperatures, and wherein determining the value of the at least one process state is based on the enthalpies. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein determining the value of the at least one process state includes: determining at least one of an air mass flow (wa) through a compressor leading into the combustion chamber, and a gas mass flow (wg), a composition (mg) and a temperature (T3) of exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber and/or entering a turbine. 3. A method of monitoring at least one process state according to claim 1, comprising: determining a composition of a product (mg) produced by the combustion chamber, based on the compositions of the educts (ma, mf); andderiving, from the composition, information on a quality of combustion or a quality of fuel input, or information about a sensor failure. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the internal combustion engine is a rotating machine having the combustion chamber. 5. A method of monitoring at least one process state of an internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber, the method comprising: measuring compositions of educts (ma, mf) entering a combustion chamber;determining, based on the compositions of the educts (ma, mf), a composition of a product produced by the combustion chamber;determining mechanical power (Pmech) generated by the internal combustion engine;determining a value of at least one process state based on the mechanical power (Pmech), the composition of the educts (ma, mf) and product, and stoichiometric relationships of educts and product;monitoring the process states of a gas turbine, wherein determining the value of the at least one process state includes:determining an air mass flow (wa) through a compressor leading into the combustion chamber;determining a gas mass flow (wg) of exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber based on the air mass flow (wa) and a fuel mass flow (wf) into the combustion chamber;determining a composition of the exhaust gas (mg) based on the air mass flow (wa) and the gas mass flow (wg); anddetermining a temperature (T3) of the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber based on the air mass flow (wa), the gas mass flow (wg), and the composition of the exhaust gas (mg), the temperature (T3) of the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber being representative of an inlet temperature of the turbine driven by the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein determining the temperature (T3) of the exhaust gas includes: determining an inverted enthalpy function associated with the composition of the exhaust gas (mg), and determining the temperature (T3) of the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber based on the air mass flow (wa) and the gas mass flow (wg) using the inverted enthalpy function. 7. The method according to claim 5, comprising: measuring temperatures (T2, Tf) of air and fuel entering the combustion chamber;measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas exiting the turbine; anddetermining enthalpies (ha, hf, hg) for air, fuel and exhaust gas based on their respective temperatures, wherein determining the value of the at least one process state is based on the enthalpies (ha, hf, hg). 8. A system for monitoring at least one process state of an internal combustion engine having a combustion chamber, the system comprising: a sensor module for receiving measurements of compositions of educts (ma, mf) entering the combustion chamber;a processing unit for computing a composition of a product produced by the combustion chamber based on the compositions of the educts (ma, mf);computing a mechanical power (Pmech) generated by the internal combustion engine; andcomputing a value of at least one process state based on the mechanical power (Pmech), the composition of the educts (ma, mf) and product, and stoichiometric relationships of educts and product;wherein the at least one process state includes at least one of an air mass flow (wa) through a compressor leading into the combustion chamber, and a gas mass flow (wg), a composition (mg) and a temperature (T3) of exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber, andwherein the means for determining the value of the at least one process state are configured to determine the air mass flow (wa) through the compressor leading into the combustion chamber, to determine the gas mass flow (wg) of exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber based on the air mass flow (wa) and a fuel mass flow (wf) into the combustion chamber, to determine a composition of the exhaust gas (mg) based on the air mass flow (wa) and the gas mass flow (wg), and to determine a temperature (T3) of the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber based on the air mass flow (wa), the gas mass flow (wg), and the composition of the exhaust gas (mg), the temperature (T3) of the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber being representative of an inlet temperature of the turbine driven by the exhaust gas exiting the combustion chamber. 9. The system according to claim 8, wherein the internal combustion engine is a rotating machine configured as a gas turbine. 10. The system according to claim 8, comprising: means for measuring temperatures (T2, Tf) of air and fuel entering the combustion chamber;means for measuring the temperature of the exhaust gas exiting the turbine; andmeans for determining enthalpies (ha, hf, hg) for air, fuel and exhaust gas based on their respective temperatures, wherein the means for determining the value of the at least one process state are configured to determine the value of the at least one process state based on the enthalpies (ha, hf, hg).
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