초록 ▼

Water intake structures for power plants and other industrial facilities may include an inflow channel, a deep well, an outflow channel, and an intake channel These structures may include a fish screen, such as a wedge-wire screen or the like, positioned between the deep well and the intake channel

Water intake structures for power plants and other industrial facilities may include an inflow channel, a deep well, an outflow channel, and an intake channel These structures may include a fish screen, such as a wedge-wire screen or the like, positioned between the deep well and the intake channel to separate fish, fish larvae and fish eggs from water supplied to the intake channel from the deep well. These structures may further include one or more circulating or sweep flow pumps positioned proximate an outlet of the outflow channel. The sweep flow pumps may be used to maintain a sweep flow through the deep well of the intake structure to help sweep fish, fish larvae and fish eggs away from the fish screen and into the outflow channel.

대표청구항 ▼

1. A water intake structure, comprising: an inflow channel including an inlet in fluid communication with a water source and an outlet;an outflow channel including an inlet and an outlet in fluid communication with the water source;an intake channel including an inlet and an outlet;a deep well in fl

1. A water intake structure, comprising: an inflow channel including an inlet in fluid communication with a water source and an outlet;an outflow channel including an inlet and an outlet in fluid communication with the water source;an intake channel including an inlet and an outlet;a deep well in fluid communication with the outlet of the inflow channel, the inlet of the outflow channel, and the inlet of the intake channel;a screen positioned between the deep well and the inlet of the intake channel; andat least one first pump positioned within the outflow channel and configured to provide a sweeping flow through the deep well. 2. The structure of claim 1, wherein the at least one first pump is positioned proximate the outlet of the outflow channel. 3. The structure of claim 1, wherein the screen comprises at least one of a wedge-wire screen or a wedge-bar screen. 4. The structure of claim 3, wherein the screen includes a plurality of bars and adjacent bars define gaps within the screen. 5. The structure of claim 4, wherein a ratio of at least one of the gaps to a width of one of the plurality of bars defining the gap is between approximately 1:5 and 1:8. 6. The structure of claim 1, wherein the width of the deep well decreases from the outlet of the inflow channel to the inlet of the outflow channel. 7. The structure of claim 1, wherein the outlet of the intake channel is in fluid communication with at least one second pump configured to deliver water from the intake channel to a served process. 8. The structure of claim 7, wherein the at least one first pump and the at least one second pump are configured to be operated in such a manner that a ratio of a sweep velocity to an approach velocity of fluid flowing in the deep well is no less than approximately 3 to 1. 9. The structure of claim 7, wherein a ratio of a sweep velocity to an approach velocity of fluid flowing in the deep well is varied by changing the speed of at least one of the at least first pump or the at least one second pump. 10. The structure of claim 1, wherein the at least one first pump comprises a variable speed pump configured in such a manner that a substantially constant ratio of a sweep velocity to an approach velocity of fluid flowing in the deep well can be maintained. 11. The structure of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of blades positioned proximate the screen to clean the screen. 12. The structure of claim 1, further comprising at least one high pressure water nozzle positioned proximate the screen to clean at least a portion of the screen. 13. The structure of claim 12, wherein the at least one high pressure water nozzle may be moved relative to the screen to clean different sections of the screen. 14. The structure of claim 1, wherein the outlet of the inflow channel is positioned at a first end of the deep well the inlet of the outflow channel is positioned at a second end of the deep well distal the first end, and the inlet of the intake channel is positioned between the first and second ends of the deep well. 15. A method of operating a water intake structure, comprising: supplying a deep well with a fluid from a fluid source via an inflow channel;creating a sweep flow through the deep well from the inflow channel to an outflow channel;supplying from the deep well an intake flow to an intake channel, the intake flow supplied from the deep well to the intake channel through a screen positioned between the deep well and the intake channel;supplying the sweep flow from the deep well to the outflow channel; andsupplying the intake flow to a served process via the intake channel. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein a ratio of a velocity of the sweep flow to an approach velocity of an intake flow is no less than approximately 3:1. 17. The method of claim 15, further comprising using at least one pump positioned within the outflow channel to create the sweep flow within the deep well. 18. A water intake structure comprising: an inflow channel in fluid communication with a water source;a deep well in fluid communication with the inflow channel;an outflow channel in fluid communication with the deep well;a screen positioned adjacent the deep well, the screen comprising at least one of a wedge-wire screen or a wedge-bar screen;a pump positioned within the intake structure and configured to provide a sweep flow of fluid through the deep well; andwherein the screen includes a plurality of bars and gaps located between the bars, and further wherein the ratio of at least one gap to a width of at least one bar adjacent the gap is between approximately 1:5 and 1:8. 19. The water intake structure of claim 18, wherein: a width of the deep well decreases from an outlet of the inflow channel to an inlet of the outflow channel. 20. The water intake structure of claim 18, wherein: the pump includes at least two pumps configured to be operated to provide the sweep flow. 21. The water intake structure of claim 20, wherein: a first pump of said at least two pumps is configured to be operated so that a sweep velocity to an approach velocity of fluid flowing through the intake structure is no less than approximately 3:1. 22. The water intake structure of claim 18, further comprising: a plurality of blades positioned proximate the screen to clean the screen. 23. The water intake structure of claim 18, further comprising: at least one high pressure water nozzle positioned proximate the screen to clean at least a portion of the screen. 24. A method of operating a water intake structure comprising: supplying a water intake structure having inflow channel, an outflow channel, and a deep well positioned between the inflow and outflow channels;supplying fluid to flow through the inflow channel into the deep well, and out through the outflow channel;providing a screen positioned adjacent the deep well and oriented substantially perpendicular to flow of fluid through the intake structure as defined by a sweep flow flowing through the deep well;supplying the sweep flow to contact the screen; andgenerating an intake flow through the intake structure wherein a ratio of a velocity of the sweep flow to an approach velocity of the intake flow is no less than approximately 3:1. 25. The method of claim 24, further comprising: using at least one pump positioned within the intake structure to create the sweep flow. 26. The method of claim 24, wherein: the sweep velocity and the approach velocity is adjusted to enable separation of fish, fish larvae and fish eggs such that a majority of these are maintained within the sweep flow, and a pass through velocity is generated for the intake flow enabling fluid to flow through the screen in which a sufficient pass through velocity is created by an acceleration of the fluid as it flows through the screen. 27. The method of claim 24, wherein: the fish, fish larvae and eggs move in a direction substantially parallel to the fish screen, and the fluid making up the intake flow moves in a direction substantially perpendicular to the fish screen. 28. The method of claim 24, wherein: an area of localized acceleration of the fluid proximate to a face of the screen in a direction transverse to a plane of the screen comprising a portion of the intake flow is defined as a boundary layer of entrainment, in which a majority of the fish, fish larvae and eggs that enter the boundary layer of entrainment are swept through the boundary layer to the deep well and not through the screen. 29. A method of separating fish, fish larvae, and eggs from a fluid flow passing through a screen, said method comprising: providing a screen positioned along a sweep flow of fluid;providing the fish, fish larvae and eggs in the sweep flow;providing the screen with a plurality of bars and gaps between the bars wherein a ratio of at least one gap to a width of one of the plurality of bars is approximately 1:5 to 1:8 and;generating an intake flow through the screen, wherein a ratio of a velocity of the sweep flow to an approach velocity of the intake flow is no less than approximately 3:1. 30. The method of claim 29, wherein: a pass through velocity is generated for the intake flow enabling the fluid to pass through the screen, and acceleration occurs sufficient for the intake flow to reach the pass through velocity.