A catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas comprising: a support and rhodium supported on the support in an atomic state, wherein an amount of the rhodium supported is 0.05 to 0.30% by mass relative to the total amount of the support and the rhodium, 50 at. % or more of the rhodium is sup
A catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas comprising: a support and rhodium supported on the support in an atomic state, wherein an amount of the rhodium supported is 0.05 to 0.30% by mass relative to the total amount of the support and the rhodium, 50 at. % or more of the rhodium is supported on the support as two-atom clusters of rhodium, and an average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.0 nm or more.
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1. A catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas, comprising: a support; andrhodium supported on the support in an atomic state, whereinan amount of the rhodium supported is 0.05 to 0.30% by mass relative to the total amount of the support and the rhodium,50 at.% or more of the rhodium is su
1. A catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas, comprising: a support; andrhodium supported on the support in an atomic state, whereinan amount of the rhodium supported is 0.05 to 0.30% by mass relative to the total amount of the support and the rhodium,50 at.% or more of the rhodium is supported on the support as two-atom clusters of rhodium, andan average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.0 nm or more. 2. The catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.5 nm or more. 3. The catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein a second dispersion of rhodium which is determined on the basis of a second amount of CO adsorbed and the amount of the rhodium supported is 20 to 50%, the second amount of CO adsorbed being measured by a low-temperature CO pulse measurement method under a temperature condition of −78° C. 4. The catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, wherein the rhodium is supported on the support in an atomic state by using at least one rhodium carboxylate represented by the following general formulae (1) to (4): Rh2(R—CO2)4 (1)wherein in formula (1), R is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, Rh2(R1—(O)n—(R2O)m—R3—CO2)4 (2)wherein in formula (2), R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups, which may have a hydroxy group in a side chain thereof, the hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 20, n represents any integer of 0 and 1, m represents any integer of 0 to 6, and the sum of n and m satisfies a condition of being 1 or greater, Rh2(R4—(C(R5)(X))l—CO2)4 (3)wherein in formula (3), R4 and R5 may be the same or different, and each of R4 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, X is selected from the group consisting of a OH group, an NH2 group, and a NO2 group, and l represents any integer of 1 to 5, and Rh2(Z—CO2)4 (4)wherein in formula (4), Z represents a benzo-crown ether group represented by the following general formula (5): wherein in formula (5), p represents any integer of 1 to 3. 5. A method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 1, the method comprising: bringing a rhodium-containing liquid into contact with a support, the rhodium-containing liquid containing at least one rhodium carboxylate represented by the following general formulae (1) to (4): Rh2(R—CO2)4 (1)wherein in formula (1), R is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, Rh2(R1—(O)n—(R2O)m—R3—CO2)4 (2)wherein in formula (2), R1 selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups, which may have a hydroxy group in a side chain thereof, the hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, R2 selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 20, n represents any integer of 0 and 1, m represents any integer of 0 to 6, and the sum of n and m satisfies a condition of being 1 or greater, Rh2(R4—(C(R5)(X))l—CO2)4 (3)wherein in formula (3), R4 and R5 may be the same or different, and each of R4 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, X is selected from the group consisting of a OH group, an NH2 group, and a NO2 group, and l represents any integer of 1 to 5, and Rh2(Z—CO2)4 (4)wherein in formula (4), Z represents a benzo-crown ether group represented by the following general formula (5): wherein in formula (5), p represents any integer of 1 to 3, thereby an unsaturated coordination site of the rhodium carboxylate being allowed to be directly bonded to a hydroxy group and/or an oxygen atom on the support, and the rhodium carboxylate being supported on the support; andperforming calcination, thereby a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas being obtained. 6. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 5, wherein the rhodium carboxylate is represented by general formulae (2) to (4), anda solvent of the rhodium-containing liquid is a water-based solvent. 7. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 5, wherein the catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas is a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas in which the average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.5 nm or more. 8. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 5, wherein the catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas is a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas in which a first dispersion of rhodium which is determined on the basis of a first amount of CO adsorbed and the amount of the rhodium supported is 40 to 80%, the first amount of CO adsorbed being measured by a CO-pulse measurement method under a temperature condition of 50° C. 9. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 5, wherein the catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas is a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas in which a second dispersion of rhodium which is determined on the basis of a second amount of CO adsorbed and the amount of the rhodium supported is 20 to 50%, the second amount of CO adsorbed being measured by a low-temperature CO pulse measurement method under a temperature condition of −78° C. 10. A catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas, comprising: a support; andrhodium supported on the support in an atomic state, whereinan amount of the rhodium supported is 0.05 to 0.30% by mass relative to the total amount of the support and the rhodium,50 at. % or more of the rhodium is supported on the support as two-atom clusters of rhodium,an average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.0 nm or more, anda first dispersion of rhodium which is determined on the basis of a first amount of CO adsorbed and the amount of the rhodium supported is 40 to 80%, the first amount of CO adsorbed being measured by a CO-pulse measurement method under a temperature condition of 50° C. 11. The catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 10, wherein the average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.5 nm or more. 12. The catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 10, wherein the rhodium is supported on the support in an atomic state by using at least one rhodium carboxylate is represented by the following general formulae (1) to (4): Rh2(R—CO2)4 (1)wherein in formula (1), R is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, Rh2(R1—(O)n—(R2O)m—R3—CO2)4 (2)wherein in formula (2), R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups, which may have a hydroxy group in a side chain thereof, the hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 20, n represents any integer of 0 and 1, m represents any integer of 0 to 6, and the sum of n and m satisfies a condition of being 1 or greater, Rh2(R4—(C(R5)(X))l—CO2)4 (3)wherein in formula (3), R4 and R5 may be the same or different, and each of R4 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, X is selected from the group consisting of a OH group, an NH2 group, and a NO2 group, and l represents any integer of 1 to 5, and Rh2(Z—CO2)4 (4)wherein in formula (4), Z represents a benzo-crown ether group represented by the following general formula (5): wherein in formula (5), p represents any integer of 1 to 3. 13. A method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 10, the method comprising: bringing a rhodium-containing liquid into contact with a support, the rhodium-containing liquid containing at least one rhodium carboxylate represented by the following general formulae (1) to (4): Rh2(R—CO2)4 (1)wherein in formula (1), R is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, Rh2(R1—(O)n—(R2O)m—R3—CO2)4 (2)wherein in formula (2), R1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups, which may have a hydroxy group in a side chain thereof, the hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 4 to 20, R2 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, R3 is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 20, n represents any integer of 0 and 1, m represents any integer of 0 to 6, and the sum of n and m satisfies a condition of being 1 or greater, Rh2(R4—(C(R5)(X))l—CO2)4 (3)wherein in formula (3), R4 and R5 may be the same or different, and each of R3 and R4 is selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom and hydrocarbon groups having a carbon number of 1 to 3, X is selected from the group consisting of a OH group, an NH2 group, and a NO2 group, and l represents any integer of 1 to 5, and Rh2(Z—CO2)4 (4)wherein in formula (4), Z represents a benzo-crown ether group represented by the following general formula (5): wherein in formula (5), p represents any integer of 1 to 3, thereby an unsaturated coordination site of the rhodium carboxylate being allowed to be directly bonded to a hydroxy group and/or an oxygen atom on the support, and the rhodium carboxylate being supported on the support; andperforming calcination, thereby a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas being obtained. 14. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 13, wherein at least one rhodium carboxylate is represented by general formulae (2) to (4), anda solvent of the rhodium-containing liquid is a water-based solvent. 15. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 13, wherein the catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas is a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas in which the average distance between adjacent ones of the two-atom clusters is 1.5 nm or more. 16. The method for manufacturing a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas according to claim 13, wherein the catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas is a catalyst for purification of automobile exhaust gas in which a second dispersion of rhodium which is determined on the basis of a second amount of CO adsorbed and the amount of the rhodium supported is 20 to 50%, the second amount of CO adsorbed being measured by a low-temperature CO pulse measurement method under a temperature condition of −78° C.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (12)
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