IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0745435
(2007-05-07)
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등록번호 |
US-8306665
(2012-11-06)
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우선권정보 |
WO-PCT/CA2006/000881 (2006-06-05); WO-PCT/CA2006/000882 (2006-06-05) |
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Tsangaris, Andreas
- Campbell, Kenneth Craig
- Feasby, Douglas Michael
- McLean, Alisdair Alan
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
12 인용 특허 :
101 |
초록
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The present invention provides a control system for the conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into a gas. In particular, the control system is designed to be configurable for use in controlling one or more processes implemented in, and/or by, a gasification system for the conversion of such feedstock
The present invention provides a control system for the conversion of carbonaceous feedstock into a gas. In particular, the control system is designed to be configurable for use in controlling one or more processes implemented in, and/or by, a gasification system for the conversion of such feedstock into a gas, which may be used for one or more downstream applications. Gasification processes controllable by different embodiments of the disclosed control system may include in various combinations, a converter, a residue conditioner, a recuperator and/or heat exchanger system, one or more gas conditioners, a gas homogenization system and one or more downstream applications. The control system operatively controls various local, regional and/or global processes related to the overall gasification process, and thereby adjusts various control parameters thereof adapted to affect these processes for a selected result. Various sensing elements and response elements are therefore distributed throughout the controlled system and used to acquire various process, reactant and/or product characteristics, compare these characteristics to suitable ranges of such characteristics conducive to achieving the desired result, and respond by implementing changes to in one or more of the ongoing processes via one or more controllable process devices.
대표청구항
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1. A method for controlling processing of a feedstock of highly variable carbon content into a gas having substantially consistent characteristics, the method comprising the steps of: providing a facility configured to process the feedstock of highly variable carbon content into the gas having subst
1. A method for controlling processing of a feedstock of highly variable carbon content into a gas having substantially consistent characteristics, the method comprising the steps of: providing a facility configured to process the feedstock of highly variable carbon content into the gas having substantially consistent characteristics in accordance with a global process, said facility comprising one or more feedstock inputs, one or more additive inputs, one or more plasma heat sources and one or more outputs, said global process comprising a plurality of local processes, regional processes, or both;sensing a plurality of operational characteristics, each operational characteristic indicative of one or more of the global, local and regional processes;generating, using one or more computing platforms, one or more control parameters based on information indicative of said plurality of operational characteristics, the one or more control parameters conducive to obtain, adjust towards or maintain a plurality of target conditions of the global, local and regional processes, wherein the one or more control parameters are configured for cooperatively controlling two or more of the global, local and regional processes;controlling, using a plurality of response elements communicatively linked to the one or more computing platforms, the global, local and regional processes based-at least in part on the one or more control parameters; andrepresenting one or more of the plurality of operational characteristics by a numeric characteristic value;wherein said generating one or more control parameters includes computing one or more of the control parameters based in part on a comparison of:one or more of the characteristic values wherein each of the characteristic values is provided directly or indirectly by one or more sensing element or is derived from signals provided directly or indirectly by the one or more sensing elements, with one or more numeric target values or ranges thereof wherein each of the one or more target values is associated with one or more of the target conditions;wherein the one or more operational characteristics include a H2 content of the gas and a CO content of the gas, wherein the H2 content of the gas is represented by a characteristic value [H2] and the CO content of the gas is represented by a characteristic value [CO], wherein said one or more control parameters include a parameter for controlling input of air [Air] into a gasifier of the facility and a parameter for controlling input of steam [Steam] into the gasifier, wherein the parameters [Air] and [Steam] are determined at least in part using a relationship according to: [H2CO]=[abcd][AirSteam]and wherein a b c and d are empirical values that depend on facility design and one or more desired output characteristics of the facility. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a carbon content of the gas, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, the parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units based at least in part on the carbon content of the gas. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a carbon content of the gas, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility and a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock and the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock based at least in part on the carbon content of the gas. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a carbon content of the gas, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility, a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, and a parameter for control of total airflow through at least a predetermined portion of the facility, the parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and the parameter for control of total airflow based at least in part on the carbon content of the gas. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a carbon content of the gas, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility and a parameter for control of an addition rate of steam into a predetermined portion of the facility, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and the parameter for control of the addition rate of steam based at least in part on the carbon content of the gas. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a fuel value of the gas, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility and a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock and the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock based at least in part on the fuel value of the gas. 7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a fuel value of the gas, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility, a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, and a parameter for control of total airflow through at least a predetermined portion of the facility, the parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and the parameter for control of total airflow based at least in part on the fuel value of the gas. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes one or more of: a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, and a parameter for control of an addition rate of steam into at least a predetermined portion of the facility, the parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and the parameter for control of the addition rate of steam based at least in part on the H2 content of the gas. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes one or more of: a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, a parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, and a parameter for control of an addition rate of steam into at least a predetermined portion of the facility, the parameter for control of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and the parameter for control of the addition rate of steam based at least in part on the CO content of the gas. 10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes one or both of a gas pressure of the gas and a gas composition of the gas and wherein the one or more control parameters includes one or more of a parameter adjustment of an additive input rate and a parameter for adjustment of a feedstock input rate, the parameter for adjustment of the additive input rate and the parameter for adjustment of the feedstock input rate based at least in part on one or both of the gas pressure and the gas composition. 11. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a gas composition of the gas and wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of an additive input rate, the parameter for control of the additive input rate based at least in part on the gas composition. 12. The method according to claim 11, wherein said gas composition is used to determine a heating value of the gas, and wherein said additive input rate comprises an air additive input rate which is adjusted as a function of said heating value. 13. The method according to claim 12, wherein said air additive input rate is adjusted as a linear function of said heating value. 14. The method according to claim 1, wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of an additive input rate, the parameter for control of the additive input rate based at least in part on one or both of the CO content and the H2 content. 15. The method according to claim 1, wherein said feedstock of highly variable carbon content is defined by a feedstock heating value range, said heating value range being from about 3000 KJ/Kg to about 33000 KJ/Kg. 16. The method according to claim 1, wherein: said generating one or more control parameters includes:determining one or more select control parameters of the one or more control parameters, the one or more select control parameters for control of at least one select response element of the plurality of response elements; andsaid controlling includes generating, at least in part using the one or more computing platforms, one or more control signals based at least in part on the one or more select control parameters, and providing the one or more control signals to the at least one select response element for control thereof. 17. The method according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the characteristic values are indicative of a composition of the gas and wherein one or more of the control parameters are configured for adjusting an input rate of an additive to one or more of the global, local and regional processes, wherein said input rate is adjusted at least in part as a function of the gas composition. 18. The method according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the characteristic values are indicative of a composition of the gas and said one or more characteristic values are used at least in part to derive a measurement of a heating value of the gas, wherein one or more of the control parameters are configured for adjusting an input rate of an air additive to one or more of the global, local and regional processes, and wherein said input rate is adjusted at least in part as a function of the heating value. 19. The method according to claim 18, wherein the input rate is adjusted as a linear function of the heating value. 20. The method according to claim 1, wherein one or more of the characteristic values are indicative of a composition of the gas, the composition including a sensed CO content of the gas and a sensed H2 content of the gas, wherein one or more of the control parameters are configured for adjusting an input rate of an additive to one or more of the global, local and regional processes, wherein said input rate is adjusted at least in part as a function of the sensed CO content of the gas and the sensed H2 content of the gas. 21. The method according to claim 1, wherein the parameter [Air] for controlling the amount of Air fed into a gasifier of the facility as a process additive is generated as a function of the Heating Value [HV] of the gas, in accordance with: [HV]=[a] [Air]; wherein [a] is an empirical value that depends on design of the facility and one or more desired output characteristics of the facility. 22. The method according to claim 21, wherein the heating value is a Low Heating Value (LHV) of the gas. 23. The method according to claim 21, wherein the heating value is a High Heating Value (HHV) of the gas. 24. The method according to claim 1, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, the method further comprising receiving an output from a converter solids level detection module operatively associated with the facility, wherein at least a portion of the output from the converter solids level detection module is cooperatively used for generation of one or more of the control parameters, said one or more of the control parameters for control of: motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock (CF) and a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock (HCF). 25. The method according to 24, wherein are generated based on a linear relationship defined between the rate of motion of the one or more lateral transfer units, the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and a height of solids in a gasifier of the facility. 26. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, wherein the facility comprises a splitter configured to facilitate feeding of the Carbonaceous Feedstock and the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a carbon content of the gas and a Carbonaceous Feedstock (CF):High Carbon Feedstock (HCF) ratio, wherein the one or more control parameters includes a parameter for control of the splitter, a parameter for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, and a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, and wherein the parameter for control of the splitter, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock, and the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock are based at least in part on the carbon content of the gas. 27. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, wherein the facility comprises one or more lateral transfer units configured to facilitate lateral movement of converter solids derived from the feedstock within the facility and a splitter configured to facilitate feeding of the Carbonaceous Feedstock and the High Carbon Feedstock into the facility, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes a fuel value of the gas, and wherein the one or more control parameters includes one or more parameters for control of a Fuel:Air ratio controller, and one or more parameters for controlling a feed rate of total Carbonaceous Feedstock (CF) and High Carbon Feedstock (HCF) directed to the splitter, the Fuel:Air ratio controller providing one or more control parameters to a transfer unit controller for control of motion of one or more of the lateral transfer units. 28. The method according to claim 1, wherein the feedstock comprises a Carbonaceous Feedstock and a High Carbon Feedstock, wherein the one or more control parameters include a parameters for control of a feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock and a parameter for control of a feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock, the parameter for control of the feed rate of the Carbonaceous Feedstock and the parameter for control of the feed rate of the High Carbon Feedstock based at least in part on the H2 content of the gas and the CO content of the gas. 29. The method according to claim 1, wherein said controlling comprises real-time control. 30. The method according to claim 1, wherein said controlling comprises continuous control. 31. The method according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of operational characteristics includes one or more of, a flow rate of the gas, a pressure of the gas, and a composition of the gas, and wherein said one or more control parameters comprise one or more of: a parameter for control of an additive input rate, a parameter for control of a feedstock input rate, a parameter for control of an air to fuel input ratio, a parameter for control of a MSW to HCF input ratio and a parameter for control of a steam to fuel input ratio.
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