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A method of local treatment of specific bone defects such as osteoporosis or bone cysts comprises the step of local administration of a formulation comprising a fusion peptide containing a first domain comprising PTH or BMP 2 or BMP 7, and a second domain comprising a covalently crosslinkable substr

A method of local treatment of specific bone defects such as osteoporosis or bone cysts comprises the step of local administration of a formulation comprising a fusion peptide containing a first domain comprising PTH or BMP 2 or BMP 7, and a second domain comprising a covalently crosslinkable substrate domain; and a material suitable of forming a biodegradable matrix suitable for cellular growth or in-growth, wherein the fusion peptide is covalently linked to the matrix. In one embodiment, the matrix contains one or more contrast agents, and is preferably formed in the absence of a growth factor. The matrix may be used in the treatment of fluid-filled cysts such as Tarlov cysts, ovarian cysts, arachnoid cysts, aneurysmal bone cysts or hepatic cysts.

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1. A method of locally treating non-healthy bone areas in a patient, comprising locally administering to a site in bone in need of treatment only one bioactive factor,wherein the bioactive factor is provided in a formulation comprising a composition capable of forming a matrix at the site,wherein th

1. A method of locally treating non-healthy bone areas in a patient, comprising locally administering to a site in bone in need of treatment only one bioactive factor,wherein the bioactive factor is provided in a formulation comprising a composition capable of forming a matrix at the site,wherein the bioactive factor is selected from the group consisting of parathyroid hormone (PTH1-84) or a parathyroid hormone (PTH) fragment selected from the group consisting of PTH1-34, PTH1-31 and PTH1-38; and a fusion peptide comprising (PTH1-84) or a PTH fragment selected from the group consisting of PTH1-34, PTH1-31, and PTH1-38 in a first domain and a covalently crosslinkable substrate domain in a second domain, andforming a supplemented matrix at the site,wherein the bioactive factor is capable of causing bone growth,wherein no other bioactive factor capable of causing bone growth is administered in the method, andwherein the site is a non-healthy bone area selected from the group consisting of bone areas affected by osteoporosis and bone cysts. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the bioactive factor is a fusion peptide, and wherein the fusion peptide is covalently linked to the matrix during its formation. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the fusion peptide further comprises a degradation site between the first and the second domains. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the bioactive factor is a fusion peptide comprising PTH1-34 in the first domain. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein the second domain of the fusion peptide comprises a transglutaminase substrate domain. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the transglutaminase substrate domain is a Factor XIIIa substrate domain. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the second domain of the fusion peptide comprises at least one cysteine. 8. The method of claim 1, wherein the bioactive factor is PTH1-34. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition capable of forming a matrix comprises fibrinogen, thrombin, and a calcium source. 10. The method of claim 9, wherein the composition capable of forming a matrix further comprises aprotinin and albumin. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the matrix is formed by a Michael type addition reaction between a first precursor molecule comprising n nucleophilic groups and a second precursor molecule comprising m electrophilic groups, wherein n and m are at least two and the sum n+m is at least five. 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the electrophilic groups are conjugated unsaturated groups and the nucleophilic groups are selected from the group consisting of thiols and amines. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the precursor components are functionalized polyethyleneglycols, and wherein the matrix is a polyethylene glycol matrix. 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the composition capable of forming a matrix comprises more than one component, and wherein the formulation is provided in a kit in which at least one of the components of the composition capable of forming a matrix is stored separately from the other components of the composition. 15. The method of claim 14, wherein the kit further comprises an enzyme. 16. The method of claim 1, wherein the matrix is suitable for cell in-growth. 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the formulation is injectable. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the formulation further comprises a contrast agent. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the contrast agent is an iodine-containing X-ray contrast agent. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the site is a bone area affected by osteoporosis and wherein the formulation is administered for prophylactic treatment of osteoporosis. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the formulation comprises an effective amount of the bioactive factor to increase the bone density at the site compared to the site without treatment with the formulation. 22. The method of claim 21, wherein the concentration of the bioactive factor in the formulation ranges from 0.01 and 2 mg bioactive factor/mL of composition capable of forming the matrix. 23. The method of claim 1, wherein the site is a bone area affected by osteoporosis selected from the group consisting of the femural neck and vertebra. 24. The method of claim 1, wherein the site is a bone area affected by bone cysts. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the bone cyst is a subchondral cystic lesion (SCL). 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the SCL occurs in one or more joints selected from the group consisting of the pastern joint, fetlock joint, stifle joint, and hock joint.