Synthetic jet actuator system and related methods
원문보기
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
B64C-021/04
B64C-021/06
출원번호
US-0646338
(2009-12-23)
등록번호
US-8348200
(2013-01-08)
발명자
/ 주소
Saddoughi, Seyed Gholami
Bennett, Grover Andrew
출원인 / 주소
Lockheed Martin Corporation
대리인 / 주소
Bracewell & Giuliani LLP
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
4인용 특허 :
14
초록▼
Systems and methods for controlling fluid flow utilizing a synthetic jet actuator, are provided. An example of a synthetic jet actuator system includes a synthetic jet actuator including a dual bimorph subsystem to provide low, medium, and high synthetic jet velocities and/or fine flow control respo
Systems and methods for controlling fluid flow utilizing a synthetic jet actuator, are provided. An example of a synthetic jet actuator system includes a synthetic jet actuator including a dual bimorph subsystem to provide low, medium, and high synthetic jet velocities and/or fine flow control response, and an arc-forming subsystem to provide enhanced pressure, velocity, and mass flow performance, enhanced flow control response, and/or heating of the fluid within the bimorph chamber to extend the performance or operating margin of the dual bimorph subsystem of the synthetic jet actuator. The arc-forming subsystem includes a pair of electrodes interfaced with inner surface walls of the dual bimorph subsystem. Various configurations of power supplies can be utilized to provide simultaneous function to both the subsystem and the arc-forming subsystem to allow selective activation.
대표청구항▼
1. A synthetic jet actuator system including a synthetic jet actuator comprising: a first wall including an inner surface, an outer surface, and a piezoelectric layer configured to expand in response to an applied electrical potential;a second wall including an inner surface, an outer surface, and a
1. A synthetic jet actuator system including a synthetic jet actuator comprising: a first wall including an inner surface, an outer surface, and a piezoelectric layer configured to expand in response to an applied electrical potential;a second wall including an inner surface, an outer surface, and a piezoelectric layer configured to expand in response to an applied electrical potential;a chamber extending between the inner surface of the first wall and the inner surface of the second wall, the chamber dimensioned to expel a fluid through an associated orifice responsive to electrical actuation of the first wall resulting in inward movement of at least portions of the first wall toward a center of the chamber and responsive to electrical actuation of the second wall resulting in inward movement of at least portions of the second wall toward the center of the chamber and to receive a fluid responsive to outward movement of the at least portions of the first wall away from the center of the chamber and outward movement of the at least portions of the second wall away from the center of the chamber;a first electrode connected to the inner surface of the first wall; anda second electrode connected to the inner surface of the second wall and positioned adjacent the first electrode to provide for formation of an arc therebetween when subjected to a minimum electrical potential therebetween to thereby enhance fluid expulsion from the chamber. 2. A synthetic jet actuator system as defined in claim 1, wherein the first wall is a first wall configured to form a first flexible diaphragm; andwherein the second wall is a second wall configured to form a second flexible diaphragm. 3. A synthetic jet actuator system as defined in claim 1, wherein the piezoelectric layer of the first wall is a first piezoelectric layer;wherein the first wall includes a second piezoelectric layer that together with the first piezoelectric layer in the first wall form a first bimorph;wherein the piezoelectric layer of the second wall is a first piezoelectric layer; andwherein the second wall includes a second piezoelectric layer that together with the first piezoelectric layer in the second wall form a second bimorph. 4. A synthetic jet actuator system as defined in claim 1, wherein the first wall includes a proximal end, a distal end, and a medial portion extending therebetween, the medial portion having a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber;wherein at least portions of the first electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the first wall;wherein the second wall includes a proximal end, a distal end, and a medial portion extending therebetween, the medial portion having a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber; andwherein at least portions of the second electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the second wall. 5. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 1, wherein the first wall is a first wall configured to form a first cantilever; andwherein the second wall is a second wall configured to form a second cantilever. 6. A synthetic jet actuator system as defined in claim 1, wherein the first wall includes a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber;wherein at least portions of the first electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the first wall;wherein the second wall includes a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber; andwherein at least portions of the second electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the second wall. 7. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 1, further comprising: a first power supply electrically connected to the first electrode and electrically connected to the second electrode to provide kilovolt level electrical potential to the first and the second electrodes sufficient to provide the minimum required electrical potential between the first and the second electrodes to break down environmental fluid within the chamber at a between-electrode gap distance at least equal to a distance between the first and the second electrodes when the first and the second walls are actuated to provide maximum inward deflection; anda second power supply electrically connected to the first wall to apply electrical potential to the piezoelectric layer of the first wall to actuate the first wall of the synthetic jet actuator, and electrically connected to the second wall to apply electrical potential to the piezoelectric layer of the second wall to actuate the second wall of the synthetic jet actuator. 8. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 1, wherein the first electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of the piezoelectric layer of the first wall;wherein the second electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of the piezoelectric layer of the second wall; andwherein the synthetic jet actuator system further comprises: a first power supply electrically connected to the first wall to apply electrical potential to the piezoelectric layer of the first wall to actuate the first wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the piezoelectric layer of the first wall also applied to the first electrode, anda second power supply electrically connected to the second wall to apply electrical potential to the piezoelectric layer of the second wall to actuate the second wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the piezoelectric layer of the second wall also applied to the second electrode, a value of the base voltage of the electrical potential of the second power supply having a substantial voltage offset from a value of the base voltage of the electrical potential of the first power supply, the substantial voltage offset sufficient to provide the minimum electrical potential between the first and the second electrodes to break down environmental fluid within the chamber at a between-electrode gap distance at least equal to a distance between the first and the second electrodes when the first and the second walls are actuated to provide maximum inward deflection. 9. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 8, further comprising: a controller positioned in communication with the first power supply and the second power supply to synchronize piezoelectric actuation of the first and the second walls of the synthetic jet actuator. 10. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 1, wherein the first electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of the piezoelectric layer of the first wall;wherein the second electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of the piezoelectric layer of the second wall; andwherein the synthetic jet actuator system further comprises: a first power supply electrically connected to the first wall to apply electrical potential to the piezoelectric layer of the first wall to actuate the first wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the piezoelectric layer of the first wall also applied to the first electrode, anda second power supply comprising a switchable power supply electrically connected to the piezoelectric layer of the second wall to apply electrical potential to actuate the second wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the piezoelectric layer of the second wall also applied to the second electrode, the second power supply configured to selectively switch between providing: an electrical potential sufficient to actuate the piezoelectric layer of the second wall and having a first base voltage having a value providing a substantial voltage offset from a value of the base voltage of the electrical potential of the first power supply sufficient to provide for formation of the arc between the first and the second electrodes to enhance fluid expulsion from the chamber, andan electrical potential sufficient to actuate the piezoelectric layer of the second wall and having a second base voltage having a value insufficiently different from the value of the base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the piezoelectric layer of the first wall to provide for the formation of the arc between the first and the second electrodes. 11. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 10, wherein the substantial voltage offset provided by the first base voltage of the electrical potential, applied by the second power supply is sufficient to provide the minimum electrical potential between the first and the second electrodes to break down environmental fluid within the chamber at a between-electrode gap distance at least equal to a distance between the first and the second electrodes when the first wall is actuated by the first power supply to provide maximum inward deflection thereof and the second wall is actuated by the second power supply to provide maximum inward deflection thereof; andwherein the second base voltage of the electrical potential applied by the second power supply is substantially similar to the base voltage of the electrical potential applied by the first power supply to provide a voltage differential therebetween insufficient to provide for formation of the arc between the first and the second electrodes. 12. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 11, further comprising: a third power supply in electrical communication with the second power supply to provide the second power supply with the electrical potential having the second base voltage. 13. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 11, wherein the second power supply supplies the electrical potential having the second base voltage by default, the system further comprising: a controller positioned in communication with the second power supply and configured to cause the second power supply to switch the second power supply electrical potential usage from the electrical potential having the second base voltage to the electrical potential having the first base voltage, responsive to detecting insufficient output from the synthetic jet actuator, to form the arc between the first and the second electrodes to thereby enhance fluid expulsion from the chamber. 14. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 11, further comprising: a controller positioned in communication with the second power supply and a flight control computer of an aircraft and configured to cause the second power supply to switch the second power supply electrical potential usage between the electrical potential having the second base voltage and the electrical potential having the first base voltage responsive to control signals indicating a desired level of fluid expulsion from the chamber. 15. A synthetic jet actuator system including a synthetic jet actuator comprising: a first wall including an inner surface, an outer surface, and a pair of piezoelectric layers forming a first bimorph;a second wall including an inner surface, an outer surface, and a pair of piezoelectric layers forming a second bimorph;a chamber extending between the inner surface of the first wall and the inner surface of the second wall, the chamber dimensioned to expel a fluid through an associated orifice responsive to electrical actuation of the first wall resulting in inward movement of at least portions of the first wall toward a center of the chamber and responsive to electrical actuation of the second wall resulting in inward movement of at least portions of the second wall toward the center of the chamber and, to receive a fluid responsive to outward movement of the at least portions of the first wall away from the center of the chamber and outward movement of the at least portions of the second wall away from the center of the chamber;a first electrode connected to the inner surface of the first wall; anda second electrode connected to the inner surface of the second wall and positioned adjacent the first electrode to provide for formation of an arc therebetween when subjected to a minimum electrical potential therebetween to thereby enhance fluid expulsion from the chamber. 16. A synthetic jet actuator system as defined in claim 15, wherein the first wall includes a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber;wherein at least portions of the first electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the first wall;wherein the second wall includes a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber; andwherein at least portions of the second electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the second wall. 17. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 15, wherein the first electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of an innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall;wherein the second electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of an innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall; andwherein the synthetic jet actuator system further comprises: a first power supply electrically connected to the first wall to apply electrical potential to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall to actuate the first wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall also applied to the first electrode, anda second power supply electrically connected to the second wall to apply electrical potential to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall to actuate the second wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall also applied to the second electrode, a value of the base voltage of the electrical potential of the second power supply having a substantial voltage offset from a value of the base voltage of the electrical potential of the first power supply, the substantial voltage offset sufficient to provide the minimum electrical potential between the first and the second electrodes to break down environmental fluid within the chamber at a between-electrode gap distance at least equal to a distance between the first and the second electrodes when the first and the second walls are actuated to provide maximum inward deflection. 18. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 15, further comprising: a first power supply electrically connected to the first electrode and electrically connected to the second electrode to provide kilovolt level electrical potential to the first and the second electrodes sufficient to provide the minimum electrical potential between the first and the second electrodes to break down environmental fluid within the chamber at a between-electrode gap distance at least equal to a distance between the first and the second electrodes when the first and the second walls are actuated to provide maximum inward deflection; anda second power supply electrically connected to the first wall to apply electrical potential to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall to actuate the first wall of the synthetic jet actuator, and electrically connected to the second wall to apply electrical potential to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall to actuate the second wall of the synthetic jet actuator. 19. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 15, wherein the first electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of an innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall;wherein the second electrode is positioned in electrical communication with an inner surface of an innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall; andwherein the synthetic jet actuator system further comprises: a first power supply electrically connected to the first wall to apply electrical potential to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall to actuate the first wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall also applied to the first electrode,a second power supply comprising a switchable power supply electrically connected to the second wall to apply electrical potential to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall to actuate the second wall of the synthetic jet actuator, a base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the innermost one of the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall also applied to the second electrode, the second power supply configured to selectively switch between providing: an electrical potential sufficient to actuate the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall and having a first base voltage having a value providing a substantial voltage offset from a value of the base voltage of the electrical potential of the first power supply sufficient to provide for formation of the arc between the first and the second electrodes to enhance fluid expulsion from the chamber, the substantial voltage offset provided by the first base voltage of the electrical potential applied by the second power supply being sufficient to provide the minimum electrical potential between the first and the second electrodes to break down environmental fluid within the chamber at a between-electrode gap distance at least equal to a distance between the first and the second electrodes when the first wall is actuated by the first power supply to provide maximum inward deflection thereof and the second wall is actuated by the second power supply to provide maximum inward deflection thereof, andan electrical potential sufficient to actuate the pair of piezoelectric layers of the second wall and having a second base voltage having a value insufficiently different from the value of the base voltage of the electrical potential applied to the pair of piezoelectric layers of the first wall to provide for the formation of the arc between the first and the second electrodes. 20. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 19, further comprising: a third power supply in electrical communication with the second power supply to provide the second power supply with the electrical potential having the second base voltage. 21. A synthetic jet actuator system defined in claim 19, further comprising one or more of the following: a controller positioned in communication with the second power supply and configured to cause the second power supply to switch the second power supply electrical potential usage from the electrical potential having the second base voltage to the electrical potential having the first base voltage, responsive to detecting insufficient output from the synthetic jet actuator, to form the arc between the first and the second electrodes to thereby enhance fluid expulsion from the chamber; anda controller positioned in communication with the second power supply and a flight control computer of an aircraft to switch the second power supply electrical potential usage between the electrical potential having the second base voltage and the electrical potential having the first base voltage responsive to control signals indicating a desired level of fluid expulsion from the chamber. 22. A method of controlling fluid flow utilizing a synthetic jet actuator, the method comprising the steps of: actuating a pair of opposing walls to contract inwardly toward a center of a chamber of a synthetic jet actuator to expel a fluid from within the chamber, each wall comprising a pair of piezoelectric layers forming a bimorph; andforming an arc between a pair of opposing electrodes each connected to an inner surface of a separate one of the pair of opposing walls to enhance expulsion of the fluid from within the chamber. 23. A method as defined in claim 22, wherein the first wall includes a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber;wherein at least portions of the first electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the first wall;wherein the second wall includes a location of maximum inward deflection when deflected toward the center of the chamber;wherein at least portions of the second electrode are positioned approximately coincident with the point of maximum inward deflection of the second wall; andwherein the step of forming an arc includes the steps of applying a first voltage potential to the bimorph of the first wall and a second voltage potential to the bimorph of the second wall, a value of a base voltage of the second voltage potential having a substantial voltage offset from a value of a base voltage of the first voltage potential, the voltage offset causing the fluid within the chamber to break down when the pair of walls have contracted inwardly to a preselected gap distance therebetween. 24. A method as defined in claim 22, wherein the step of forming an arc includes the steps of: applying a first voltage potential to the bimorph of the first wall;applying a second voltage potential to the bimorph of the second wall, a value of a base voltage associated with the second voltage potential having an insubstantial voltage offset from a value of a base voltage associated with the first voltage potential, the voltage offset insufficient to cause the fluid within the chamber to break down; andswitchably providing a third voltage potential to the bimorph of the second wall, the third voltage potential being substantially similar to the first voltage potential, a value of a base voltage associated with the third voltage potential having a substantial voltage offset from a value of a base voltage associated with the first voltage potential, the substantial voltage offset sufficient to cause the fluid within the chamber to break down. 25. A method as defined in claim 24, wherein the second voltage potential and the third voltage potential are both substantially similar to the first voltage potential, and wherein the step of switchably providing the third voltage potential to the bimorph of the second wall includes one or more of the following steps: causing a power supply to switch from using the base voltage associated with the second voltage potential to using the base voltage associated with the third voltage potential responsive to detecting insufficient output from the synthetic jet actuator to thereby form the arc between the first and the second electrodes; andcausing the power supply to switch from using the base voltage associated with the second voltage potential to using the base voltage associated with the third voltage potential responsive to receiving control signals indicating a desired level of fluid expulsion from the chamber. 26. A method as defined in claim 22, wherein the step of actuating the pair of opposing walls to contract inwardly toward the center of the chamber includes the step of applying a first voltage potential to the bimorph of the first wall and to the bimorph of the second wall to expel the fluid from within the chamber; andwherein the step of forming an arc includes the step of applying to the pair of electrodes a second voltage potential sufficient to cause the fluid within the chamber to break down to enhance expulsion of the fluid within the chamber responsive to one or more of the following: detecting insufficient output from actuation of the pair of opposing sidewalls absent formation of the arc, andreceiving control signals indicating a desired level of fluid expulsion from the chamber exceeding that capable of being provided by actuation of the pair of opposing sidewalls absent formation of the arc.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (14)
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