IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0490316
(2012-06-06)
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등록번호 |
US-8367425
(2013-02-05)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
- Schabron, John F.
- Rovani, Jr., Joseph F.
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출원인 / 주소 |
- The University of Wyoming Research Corporation
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
10 인용 특허 :
14 |
초록
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A method for determining asphaltene stability in a hydrocarbon-containing material having solvated asphaltenes therein is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, it involves the steps of: (a) precipitating an amount of the asphaltenes from a liquid sample of the hydrocarbon-containing material with a
A method for determining asphaltene stability in a hydrocarbon-containing material having solvated asphaltenes therein is disclosed. In at least one embodiment, it involves the steps of: (a) precipitating an amount of the asphaltenes from a liquid sample of the hydrocarbon-containing material with an alkane mobile phase solvent in a column; (b) dissolving a first amount and a second amount of the precipitated asphaltenes by changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent; (c) monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column; (d) creating a solubility profile of the dissolved asphaltenes in the hydrocarbon-containing material; and (e) determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters of the hydrocarbon-containing material.
대표청구항
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1. A method for determining asphaltene stability in a hydrocarbon-containing material having solvated asphaltenes therein comprising the steps of: (a) intentionally precipitating an amount of the asphaltenes from a liquid sample of the hydrocarbon-containing material with an alkane mobile phase solv
1. A method for determining asphaltene stability in a hydrocarbon-containing material having solvated asphaltenes therein comprising the steps of: (a) intentionally precipitating an amount of the asphaltenes from a liquid sample of the hydrocarbon-containing material with an alkane mobile phase solvent in a column that has a substantially chemically inert stationary phase established therein, wherein the substantially chemically inert stationary phase is substantially chemically inert relative to the precipitated asphaltenes;(b) dissolving a first amount and a second amount of the precipitated asphaltenes by changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent;(c) monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column;(d) creating a solubility profile of the dissolved asphaltenes in the hydrocarbon-containing material; and(e) determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters of the hydrocarbon-containing material. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of dissolving comprises the step of dissolving by gradually changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of dissolving comprises the step of dissolving by continuously changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of dissolving comprises the step of dissolving by changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is at least 1 MPa0.5 higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent. 5. The method of claim 1, wherein said step of dissolving comprises the step of dissolving by gradually and continuously changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is at least 1 MPa0.5 higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein said method is a method for optimizing a hydrotreating process for reaction of one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks, the method comprising the steps of: (i) selecting one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks having a stable plurality of asphaltene components therein, wherein the selection of the one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks comprises the steps of claim 1; and(ii) hydrotreating the selected one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks at a reaction temperature in a reaction zone. 7. The method of claim 1, wherein the hydrocarbon-containing material comprises a substance selected from the group consisting of oil, crude oil, asphalt and a coal-derived product. 8. The method of claim 1, further comprising, prior to step (a), the steps of: providing a liquid sample of the hydrocarbon-containing material solution in a first solvent; and passing at least a portion of the liquid sample into the column. 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially inert stationary phase comprises a substantially inert packing material. 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the substantially inert stationary phase comprises at least one of polyphenylene sulfide, silicon polymer, fluorinated polymers, fluorinated elastomers, PEEK, oligomers of polytetrafluoroethylene and polymers of polytetrafluoroethylene. 11. The method of claim 1, wherein the alkane mobile phase solvent is selected from the group consisting of iso-octane, pentane, heptane and mixtures thereof. 12. The method of claim 1, wherein step (b) comprises: (i) gradually and continuously changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a first final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is at least 1 MPa0.5 higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent to dissolve a first amount of the precipitated asphaltenes; and(ii) gradually and continuously changing the first final mobile phase solvent to a second final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is at least at least 1 MPa0.5 higher than the first final mobile phase solvent to dissolve a second amount of the precipitated asphaltenes. 13. The method of claim 12, wherein the first final mobile phase solvent is selected from the group consisting of an alkane solvent, a cycloalkane solvent, a chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent, an ether solvent, an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, a blend of a solvent with alcohol, a blend of chlorinated hydrocarbon solvent and a C1 to C6 alcohol, a ketone solvent, and mixtures thereof. 14. The method of claim 12, wherein step (i) comprises adding the first final mobile phase solvent into the column at a flow rate selected from the group consisting of up to and including about 4 mL/minute and up to and including about 6 mL/minute. 15. The method of claim 12, wherein the second final mobile phase solvent comprises a solvent selected from the group consisting of an alcohol and a C1 to C6 alcohol. 16. The method of claim 12, wherein step (ii) comprises adding the second final mobile phase solvent into the column at a flow rate selected from the group consisting of up to and including about 4 mL/minute, and up to and including about 6 mL/minute. 17. The method of claim 12, wherein the alkane mobile phase solvent is n-heptane, the first final mobile phase solvent comprises methanol and the second final mobile phase solvent comprises methanol. 18. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column comprises monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column with a liquid chromatography detector. 19. The method of claim 18, wherein the liquid chromatography detector is an evaporative light scattering detector coupled to the column. 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters comprises calculating an average elution solubility parameter of the second amount of dissolved asphaltenes. 21. The method of claim 20, wherein the average elution solubility parameter of the second amount of dissolved asphaltenes is calculated from at least one peak value of the second amount of dissolved asphaltenes derived from the solubility profile. 22. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters comprises calculating a value selected from the group consisting of a ratio of peak areas of the second amount of dissolved asphaltenes to the first amount of dissolved asphaltenes, wherein each of the peak areas are derived from the solubility profile, a relative peak value of the second amount of dissolved asphaltenes and the first amount of dissolved asphaltenes, wherein each of the peak areas are derived from the solubility profile; and a difference in the separation profile areas at different times during the separation. 23. The method of claim 1, further comprising selecting a second hydrocarbon-containing material; repeating steps (a)-(e); and comparing the results with the first hydrocarbon-containing material. 24. A method for reducing fouling in one or more crude hydrocarbon refinery components located within a refinery the method comprising the steps of: (a) selecting one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks having a stable plurality of asphaltene components therein, wherein the selection of the one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks comprises: (i) intentionally precipitating an amount of asphaltenes from a liquid sample of a hydrocarbon-containing material with an alkane mobile phase solvent in a column that has a substantially chemically inert stationary phase established therein, wherein the substantially chemically inert stationary phase is substantially chemically inert relative to the precipitated asphaltenes;(ii) dissolving a first amount and a second amount of the precipitated asphaltenes by gradually and continuously changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is at least 1 MPa0.5 higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent;(iii) monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column;(iv) creating a solubility profile of the dissolved asphaltenes in the hydrocarbon-containing material; and(v) determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters of the hydrocarbon-containing material; and(b) feeding the selected one or more crude hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks to the one or more crude hydrocarbon refinery components. 25. The method of claim 24, wherein the one or more crude hydrocarbon refinery components are selected from the group consisting of component used in oil processing, component used in oil fractionating, component used in oil production, pipeline component, hydrotreating process component, distillation process component, vacuum distillation process component, atmospheric distillation process component, visbreaking process component, blending process component, asphalt formation process component, extraction component, coking onset estimation component, fouling component, and refinery unit. 26. A system capable of experiencing fouling conditions associated with fouling selected from the group consisting of particulate fouling and asphaltene fouling, the system comprising: (a) one or more crude hydrocarbon refinery components; and(b) one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks having a stable plurality of asphaltene components therein and in fluid communication with the one or more crude hydrocarbon refinery components, wherein the one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks are selected by a process comprising the steps of: (i) intentionally precipitating an amount of asphaltenes from a liquid sample of a hydrocarbon-containing material with an alkane mobile phase solvent in a column that has a substantially chemically inert stationary phase established therein, wherein the substantially chemically inert stationary phase is substantially chemically inert relative to the precipitated asphaltenes;(ii) dissolving a first amount and a second amount of the precipitated asphaltenes by gradually and continuously changing the alkane mobile phase solvent to a final mobile phase solvent having a solubility parameter that is at least 1 MPa0.5 higher than the alkane mobile phase solvent;(iii) monitoring the concentration of eluted fractions from the column;(iv) creating a solubility profile of the dissolved asphaltenes in the hydrocarbon-containing material; and(v) determining one or more asphaltene stability parameters of the hydrocarbon-containing material. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the one or more crude hydrocarbon refinery components are selected from the group consisting of component used in oil processing, component used in oil fractionating, component used in oil production, pipeline component, hydrotreating process component, distillation process component, vacuum distillation process component, atmospheric distillation process component, visbreaking process component, blending process component, asphalt formation, and refinery unit. 28. The method of claim 1, wherein said method is a method for optimizing a hydrotreating process for reaction of one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks, the method comprising the steps of: (a) selecting one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks having a stable plurality of asphaltene components therein, wherein the selection of the one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks comprises the steps of claim 1; and(b) hydrotreating the selected one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks at a reaction temperature in a reaction zone. 29. The method of claim 28 wherein said method for optimizing a hydrotreating process for reaction of one or more hydrocarbon-containing feedstocks comprises a method for increasing process efficiency. 30. The system of claim 26 wherein the fouling conditions are selected from the group consisting of: fouling conditions during refinery processing and coking onset fouling conditions.
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