IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
|
국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
|
출원번호 |
US-0157064
(2008-06-06)
|
등록번호 |
US-8378280
(2013-02-19)
|
발명자
/ 주소 |
- Mills, David R.
- Le Lievre, Peter K.
|
출원인 / 주소 |
|
인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
8 인용 특허 :
154 |
초록
▼
Receivers for use in solar energy collector systems and solar-powered electrical energy generating plants are provided. The receivers comprise a solar radiation absorbing core that converts absorbed solar radiation to thermal energy. The core comprises a refractory material to allow the receivers to
Receivers for use in solar energy collector systems and solar-powered electrical energy generating plants are provided. The receivers comprise a solar radiation absorbing core that converts absorbed solar radiation to thermal energy. The core comprises a refractory material to allow the receivers to operate continuously at high temperatures reached by absorbing concentrated solar radiation. The thermal energy so generated in the core may be stored in the receiver for a transitory period, or for a more extended period. Receivers may comprise one or more fluid channels in and/or around the core for conveying a working fluid to facilitate extraction of stored thermal energy from the core.
대표청구항
▼
1. A receiver for use in a solar energy collector system, the receiver comprising: a housing having an aperture adapted to receive solar radiation therethrough;a core disposed in the housing, the core configured to absorb solar radiation directed through the aperture in the housing, the core compose
1. A receiver for use in a solar energy collector system, the receiver comprising: a housing having an aperture adapted to receive solar radiation therethrough;a core disposed in the housing, the core configured to absorb solar radiation directed through the aperture in the housing, the core composed primarily of a refractory material, the refractory material being selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, chromium carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium carbide, molybdenum disilicide, calcium oxide, chromite, dolomite, magnesite, quartzite, aluminium silicate, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, beryllium, and combinations thereof; andone or more fluid passageways in the core for conveying a working fluid through and facilitating extraction of thermal energy from the core;wherein the core is configured to store thermal energy during periods of low insolation; andwherein a displacement between the aperture and the core is adjustable to adjust an energy density of the solar radiation incident on the core. 2. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the aperture is situated on a lower surface of the housing and is substantially horizontally oriented. 3. The receiver of claim 1, wherein an incident surface of the core is substantially horizontal. 4. The receiver of claim 1, wherein an incident surface of the core is substantially vertical. 5. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the refractory material comprises one that is substantially opaque to solar radiation and remains substantially stable when exposed to temperatures that are established with absorption of concentrated solar radiation. 6. The receiver of claim 1, comprising a cladding layer disposed on the core. 7. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the core comprises an aggregate, and the one or more fluid passageways are formed from interconnected interstitial spaces in the aggregate. 8. The receiver of claim 1, wherein at least one passageway is directed radially from an interior portion of the core to a peripheral portion of the core. 9. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the core comprises one or more metal structures configured to distribute heat in the core or into a fluid such as air passing through the core. 10. A receiver for use in a solar energy collector system, the receiver comprising: a housing comprising a horizontally oriented downward opening aperture; anda solar radiation absorbing core comprising a refractory material selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, chromium carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium carbide, molybdenum disilicide, calcium oxide, chromite, dolomite, magnesite, quartzite, aluminium silicate, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, beryllium, and combinations thereof;the refractory material being disposed above the aperture, so that solar radiation directed through the aperture is incident on the core to generate thermal energy in the core,wherein the core is adapted to store the thermal energy to accommodate transitory loss or reduction of solar energy impingement in the core due to periods of low insolation;wherein the core is also adapted to move relative to the aperture to adjust an energy density of solar radiation on the core; andwherein the receiver is mounted on a tower. 11. The receiver of claim 10, further comprising at least one passageway located within the core for conveying a working fluid through and facilitating extraction of thermal energy from the core. 12. The receiver of claim 10, wherein an incident surface of the core is substantially horizontal. 13. The receiver of claim 10, wherein the refractory material comprises one that is substantially opaque or absorbing to solar radiation and remains substantially stable when exposed to temperatures that are established with absorption of concentrated solar radiation. 14. The receiver of claim 10, comprising a cladding layer disposed on the core. 15. The receiver of claim 11, wherein the core comprises an aggregate, and the at least one passageway comprises interconnected interstitial spaces in the aggregate. 16. The receiver of claim 11, wherein one or more of the at least one passageway is directed radially from an interior portion of the core to a peripheral portion of the core. 17. The receiver of claim 11, wherein the core comprises one or more metal structures configured to distribute heat in the core. 18. A receiver for use in a solar energy collector system, the receiver comprising: a body having at least a major part of its volume composed of a refractory material for storing thermal energy during periods of low insolation, the refractory material being selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, chromium carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium carbide, molybdenum disilicide, calcium oxide, chromite, dolomite, magnesite, quartzite, aluminium silicate, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, beryllium, and combinations thereof;a cavity provided within the body and having an aperture through which concentrated solar radiation is in use focused to impinge on a wall of the cavity so that thermal energy is received; andat least one passageway located within the body for conveying a working fluid through and facilitating extraction of thermal energy from the body;wherein a displacement between the aperture and an incident surface of the body is adjustable to adjust an energy density of solar radiation on the incident surface. 19. The receiver of claim 10, wherein an incident surface of the core is substantially inclined toward a reflector field substantially positioned on one side of the tower. 20. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the refractory material is formed of a compound that absorbs the majority of solar radiation and remains substantially stable when exposed to temperatures that are established with absorption of concentrated solar radiation. 21. The receiver of claim 1, wherein the refractory material has features such as cavities or channels that absorb the majority of solar radiation and such that the receiver remains substantially stable when exposed to temperatures that are established by absorption of concentrated solar radiation. 22. The receiver of claim 10, wherein the aperture is offset from a center of the receiver to receive at least a majority of radiation from a field of reflectors positioned to a side of the receiver. 23. The receiver of claim 10, wherein the core is offset from a center of the receiver to receive at least a majority of radiation from a field of reflectors positioned to a side of the receiver. 24. A receiver for use in a solar energy collector system, the receiver comprising: an aperture; anda solar radiation absorbing core for receiving and storing thermal energy during periods of low insolation, the solar radiation absorbing core further comprising a refractory material disposed above the aperture, so that solar radiation directed through the aperture is incident on the core to generate thermal energy in the core;the refractory material being selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, magnesia, zirconia, silicon carbide, titanium carbide, tantalum carbide, chromium carbide, niobium carbide, zirconium carbide, molybdenum disilicide, calcium oxide, chromite, dolomite, magnesite, quartzite, aluminium silicate, tungsten, molybdenum, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, beryllium, and combinations thereof;wherein the receiver is mounted on a tower;wherein the receiver is inclined and faces toward a solar radiation reflector field below in a manner that solar radiation is directed totally or partly from one side of the tower through the aperture and is incident on the core; andwherein a displacement between the aperture and an incident surface of the core is adjustable to adjust an energy density of solar radiation on the core. 25. The receiver of claim 1, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the aperture is adjustable so as to affect the energy density of solar radiation incident on the core. 26. The receiver of claim 10, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the aperture is adjustable so as to affect the energy density of solar radiation on the core. 27. The receiver of claim 18, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the aperture is adjustable so as to affect the energy density of the solar radiation on the incident surface. 28. The receiver of claim 24, wherein a cross-sectional dimension of the aperture is adjustable so as to affect the energy density of solar radiation on the core.
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