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Some embodiments of the invention provide an implementation for a multi-hop wireless backhaul network, in particular an aggregation node (AGN). The AGN includes a plurality of spatially switched antennas and a transceiver configured to operate on the plurality of spatially switched antennas in a tim

Some embodiments of the invention provide an implementation for a multi-hop wireless backhaul network, in particular an aggregation node (AGN). The AGN includes a plurality of spatially switched antennas and a transceiver configured to operate on the plurality of spatially switched antennas in a time divisional multiplexing (TDM) fashion to establish active connections with other network nodes in a hierarchical manner. The AGN is further configured to perform a bi-directional relay function for backhaul traffic with the other network nodes using at least one virtual circuit having an allocated bandwidth for delay sensitive traffic. The AGN may serve to aggregate and relay/amplify circuit traffic between network nodes in the up stream and down stream directions. If the AGN is interposed within a circuit between two other nodes, the AGN can switch the circuit traffic between the end-nodes of the circuit.

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1. An AGN (aggregation node) for a multi-hop wireless backhaul network comprising: a plurality of spatially switched antennas; anda transceiver configured to operate on the plurality of spatially switched antennas in a time divisional multiplexing (TDM) fashion to establish active connections with o

1. An AGN (aggregation node) for a multi-hop wireless backhaul network comprising: a plurality of spatially switched antennas; anda transceiver configured to operate on the plurality of spatially switched antennas in a time divisional multiplexing (TDM) fashion to establish active connections with other network nodes in a hierarchical manner;wherein the AGN is configured to perform a bi-directional relay function for backhaul traffic through the active connections with the other network nodes using at least one virtual circuit having an allocated bandwidth for delay sensitive traffic. 2. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to perform two-way communication with a network access node. 3. The AGN according to claim 2 wherein at least one virtual circuit terminates in the AGN for carrying traffic of the access network node. 4. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to store a table of destination addresses associated with one or both of a wireline link identifier and a wireless link identifier, the table being used to perform layer 2 switching on traffic on the at least one virtual circuit. 5. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to schedule transmission on the spatially switched antennas in accordance with a resource assignment specifying for each of at least two connections and at least one of: time slots of communications, an encoding format, a signaling format, a modulated format and transmission power. 6. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to dynamically allocate bandwidth to each of the active connections. 7. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to establish at least one alternate connection in addition to the active connections. 8. The AGN according to claim 7, wherein the AGN is further configured to perform automatic path healing upon failure of an active connection or a node in the network, using the at least one alternate connection. 9. The AGN according to claim 7, wherein the AGN is further configured to allocate a bandwidth at least for signaling and/or ranging for each alternate connection. 10. The AGN according to claim 7, wherein the AGN is further configured to perform a scheduling operation to determine for each active connection and each alternate connection and at least one of: time slots of communications, an encoding format, a signaling format, a modulated format and transmission power. 11. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to schedule time slots for ranging and signaling functions. 12. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to, upon at least one of power up, initialization and command, perform a ranging function to identify another node with which the AGN can establish an active connection, and in an attempt to identify at least one alternate node with which the AGN can establish an alternate connection. 13. The AGN according to claim 1, wherein the AGN is further configured to maintain an Ethernet bridging table containing for each of a first plurality of destination addresses a respective egress wireless link identifier, and for each of a second plurality of destination addresses a respective egress wireline link identifier, and to perform switching of packets using the Ethernet bridging table. 14. A method performed by an AGN (aggregation node) for multi-hop wireless backhaul operation, the method comprising: establishing active connections to other network nodes in a hierarchical manner using a plurality of spatially switched antennas in a time divisional multiplexing (TDM) fashion; andperforming a bi-directional relay function for backhaul traffic through the active connections using at least one virtual circuit having an allocated bandwidth for delay sensitive traffic. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising performing two-way communication with a network access node. 16. The method of claim 15, wherein at least one virtual circuit terminates in the AGN for carrying traffic of the access network node. 17. The method of claim 14, further comprising storing a table of destination addresses associated with one or both of a wireline link identifier and a wireless link identifier, the table being to perform layer 2 switching on traffic on the at least one virtual circuit. 18. The method of claim 14, further comprising scheduling transmission on the spatially switched antennas in accordance with a resource assignment specifying for each of at least two connections and at least one of: time slots of communications, an encoding format, a signaling format, a modulated format and transmission power. 19. The method of claim 14, further comprising dynamically allocating bandwidth to each of the active connections. 20. The method of claim 14, further comprising establishing at least one alternate connection in addition to the active connections. 21. The method of claim 20, further comprising performing automatic path healing upon failure of an active connection or a node in the network, using the at least one alternate connection. 22. The method of claim 20, further comprising allocating bandwidth for at least one of: signaling and ranging for each alternate connection. 23. The method of claim 20, further comprising performing a scheduling operation to determine for each active connection and each alternate connection and at least one of: time slots of communications, an encoding format, a signaling format, a modulated format and transmission power. 24. The method of claim 14, further comprising scheduling time slots for ranging and signaling functions. 25. The method of claim 14, further comprising upon at least one of power up, initialization and command: performing a ranging function to identify another node with which the AGN can establish an active connection; andattempting to identify at least one alternate node with which the AGN can establish an alternate connection. 26. The method of claim 14, further comprising maintaining an Ethernet bridging table containing for each of a first plurality of destination addresses a respective egress wireless link identifier, and for each of a second plurality of destination addresses a respective egress wireline link identifier, and to perform switching of packets using the Ethernet bridging table.