[특허]Thermodynamic amplifier cycle system and method

Hardgrave, David

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특허 상세정보

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내보내기 페이스북 공유 트위터 공유 카카오톡 공유

Thermodynamic amplifier cycle system and method

특허상세정보
국가/구분	United States(US) Patent 등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)	F03G-007/00 F01K-013/00 F01K-007/34
미국특허분류(USC)	060/641.2; 060/645; 060/653
출원번호	US-0965684 (2010-12-10)
등록번호	US-8418466 (2013-04-16)
발명자 / 주소	Hardgrave, David
출원인 / 주소	Hardgrave, David
대리인 / 주소	Hemingway, D. Scott
인용정보	피인용 횟수 : 1 인용 특허 : 21

초록
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The present invention is directed at the thermodynamic property amplification of a given thermal supply, provided by hydrocarbon combustion or in the preferred application heat provided by low-grade geothermal energy from the earth, for a vapor power cycle. The present invention achieves the desired objectives by segregating the compressible supercritical energy stream from the heat exchanger (boiler) into hot and cool fractions using a vortex tube, where the hot temperature is elevated above the heat exchanger temperature; and adding back heat (enthalpy) to the cool stream increasing the cool temperature to that of the geothermal heat exchanger. The heat-exchanger (boiler) supercritical gaseous mass flow segregated by a counterflow vortex tube (or bank of vortex tubes) forms hot and cool fractions where the hot temperature is raised above the heat-exchanger supply temperature, and heat (enthalpy) is added to the cool stream thereby increasing the cool temperature to that of the heat exchanger supply temperature.

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1. A process for generating motive work, comprising the steps of: heating a first fluid stream in a first heat exchanger, said first heat exchanger producing a second fluid stream that has a higher temperature than the first fluid stream, said first heat exchanger receiving heat from a first external heat source generated from a low-grade heat recovered from geothermal energy,providing said second fluid stream to a vortex tube where the second fluid is segregated into a hot second fluid stream and a cool second fluid stream,providing said cool second fluid stream to the first heat exchanger, said first heat exchanger producing a third fluid stream that has a higher temperature than the cool second fluid stream,combining the third fluid stream with the hot second fluid stream into a fourth fluid stream,providing the fourth fluid stream to a turbine to produce a motive work force, said turbineproducing a fifth fluid stream that has a lower temperature and pressure than the fourth fluid stream,providing the fifth fluid stream to the first heat exchanger for re-heating of the fifth fluid stream as said first fluid stream. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the second or fourth fluid stream is a supercritical vapor. 3. The process of claim 1 further comprising the steps of: providing said fifth fluid stream to a condenser where the fluid temperature is decreased. 4. The process of claim 1 further comprising the steps of: pumping the fifth fluid stream to the first exchanger with a pump unit to provide the first fluid stream to the first heat exchanger. 5. The process of claim 1 wherein the motive work produced by the process is used in the production of electricity. 6. The process of claim 1 wherein the turbine is a thermodynamic engine that converts the elevated temperature fourth fluid stream into a non-heat form of energy. 7. The process of claim 1 wherein the heat source includes a hydrocarbon combustion heat source. 8. A system for generating electricity, comprising: a first heat exchanger that heats a first fluid stream, said first heat exchanger produces a second fluid stream that has a higher temperature than the first fluid stream, said first heat exchanger receiving heat from a first external heat source generated from a low-grade heat recovered from geothermal energy,a vortex tube that receives said second fluid stream and segregates the second fluid stream into a hot second fluid stream and a cool second fluid stream, said cool second fluid stream being provided to the first heat exchanger where the first heat exchanger increases the temperature of the cool second fluid stream to produce a third fluid stream,a mixer that combines the third fluid stream with the hot second fluid stream into a fourth fluid stream,a turbine that receives the fourth fluid stream, said fourth fluid stream is used to produce a motive work force, said turbine producing a fifth fluid stream that has a lower temperature and pressure than the fourth fluid stream, said fifth fluid stream being provided to the first heat exchanger for re-heating and reuse in the cycle as said first fluid stream. 9. The system of claim 8 wherein the second or fourth fluid stream is a supercritical vapor. 10. The system of claim 8 wherein said fifth fluid stream is provided to a condenser where the fluid temperature is decreased. 11. The system of claim 8 wherein the fifth fluid stream is pumped to the first exchanger with a pump unit to provide the first fluid stream to the first heat exchanger. 12. The system of claim 8 wherein the motive work produced by the turbine is used in the production of electricity. 13. The system of claim 8 wherein the turbine is a thermodynamic engine that converts the elevated temperature fourth fluid stream into a non-heat form of energy. 14. The system of claim 8 wherein the heat source includes a hydrocarbon combustion heat source. 15. A process for generating motive work, comprising the steps of: providing a first heated fluid stream to a vortex tube where the first heated fluid stream is segregated into a hot first fluid stream and a cool first fluid stream, said first heated fluid stream receives heat from a first external heat source generated from a low-grade heat recovered from geothermal energy,heating a second fluid stream in a first heat exchanger, said first heat exchanger producing a third fluid stream that has a higher temperature than the second fluid stream, said first heat exchanger receiving heat from the hot first fluid stream received from the vortex tube, said first heat exchanger produces a fourth fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating,providing the third fluid stream to a turbine to produce a motive work force, said turbine producing a fifth fluid stream that has a lower temperature and pressure than the third fluid stream,providing the fifth fluid stream and the cool first fluid stream to a second heat exchanger, where said second heat exchanger produces a sixth fluid stream from the cool first fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating and the second heat exchanger produces a seventh fluid stream from the fifth fluid stream, said seventh fluid stream transferred to the first heat exchanger for re-heating and further use in the cycle as the second fluid stream. 16. The process of claim 15 wherein the first or third fluid stream is a supercritical vapor. 17. The process of claim 15 further comprising the steps of: providing said fifth fluid stream to a condenser where the fluid temperature is decreased. 18. The process of claim 1 further comprising the steps of: pumping the seventh fluid stream to the first exchanger with a pump unit to provide the second fluid stream to the first heat exchanger. 19. The process of claim 13 wherein the motive work produced by the process is used in the production of electricity. 20. The process of claim 13 wherein the turbine is a thermodynamic engine that converts the elevated temperature third fluid stream into a non-heat form of energy. 21. The process of claim 13 wherein the heat source includes a hydrocarbon combustion heat source. 22. A system for generating electricity, comprising: a vortex tube that receives a first heated fluid stream, the first heated fluid stream being segregated in the vortex tube into a hot first fluid stream and a cool first fluid stream, said first heated fluid stream receiving heat from a first external heat source generated from a low-grade heat recovered from geothermal energy,a first heat exchanger that heats a second fluid stream and produces a third fluid stream with a higher temperature than the second fluid stream, said first heat exchanger receiving heat from the hot first fluid stream received from the vortex tube and said first heat exchanger producing a fourth fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating,a turbine that receives a third fluid stream to produce a motive work force, said turbine producing a fifth fluid stream that has a lower temperature and pressure than the third fluid stream,a second heat exchanger that receives the fifth fluid stream and the cool first fluid stream, said second heat exchanger producing a sixth fluid stream from the cool first fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating and the second heat exchanger producing a seventh fluid stream from the fifth fluid stream, said seventh fluid stream transferred to the first heat exchanger for re-heating and further use in the cycle as the second fluid stream. 23. The system of claim 22 wherein the first or third fluid stream is a supercritical vapor. 24. The system of claim 22 wherein said fifth fluid stream is provided to a condenser where the fluid temperature is decreased. 25. The system of claim 22 wherein the seventh fluid stream is pumped to the first exchanger with a pump unit to provide the second fluid stream to the first heat exchanger. 26. The system of claim 22 wherein the motive work produced by the turbine is used in the production of electricity. 27. The system of claim 22 wherein the turbine is a thermodynamic engine that converts the elevated temperature third fluid stream into a non-heat form of energy. 28. The system of claim 22 wherein the heat source includes a hydrocarbon combustion heat source. 29. A process for generating motive work, comprising the steps of: providing a first heated fluid stream to a first vortex tube where the first heated fluid stream is segregated into a hot first fluid stream and a cool first fluid stream, said first heated fluid stream receives heat from a first external heat source generated from a low-grade heat recovered from geothermal energy,heating a second fluid stream in a first heat exchanger, said first heat exchanger producing a third fluid stream that has a higher temperature than the second fluid stream, said first heat exchanger receiving heat from the hot first fluid stream received from the first vortex tube, said first heat exchanger produces a fourth fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating after mixing with the cool first fluid stream,providing the third fluid stream to a second vortex tube where the third heated fluid stream is segregated into a hot third fluid stream and a cool third fluid stream, said cool third fluid stream being provided to the first heat exchanger where the first heat exchanger increases the temperature of the cool third fluid stream to produce a fifth fluid stream,mixing the fifth fluid stream with the hot third fluid stream into a sixth fluid stream,providing the sixth fluid stream to a turbine to produce a motive work force, said turbine producing a seventh fluid stream that has a lower temperature and pressure than the sixth fluid stream and said seventh fluid stream being transferred to the first heat exchanger. 30. The process of claim 29 further comprising the steps of: providing the seventh fluid stream after exiting the turbine and the cool first fluid stream to a second heat exchanger, where said second heat exchanger produces an eighth fluid stream from the cool first fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating and the second heat exchanger produces a ninth fluid stream from the seventh fluid stream, said ninth fluid stream transferred to the first heat exchanger for re-heating and further use in the cycle as the second fluid stream. 31. The process of claim 29 wherein the first or third fluid stream is a supercritical vapor. 32. The process of claim 29 further comprising the steps of: providing said seventh fluid stream to a condenser where the fluid temperature is decreased. 33. The process of claim 29 further comprising the steps of: pumping the ninth fluid stream to the first exchanger with a pump unit to provide the second fluid stream to the first heat exchanger. 34. The process of claim 29 wherein the motive work produced by the process is used in the production of electricity. 35. The process of claim 29 wherein the turbine is a thermodynamic engine that converts the elevated temperature sixth fluid stream into a non-heat form of energy. 36. The process of claim 29 wherein the heat source includes a hydrocarbon combustion heat source. 37. A system for generating electricity, comprising: a first vortex tube that receives a first heated fluid stream, the first heated fluid stream is segregated into a hot first fluid stream and a cool first fluid stream, said first heated fluid stream receives heat from a first external heat source generated from a low-grade heat recovered from geothermal energy,a first heat exchanger that receives a second fluid stream, said first heat exchanger producing a third fluid stream that has a higher temperature than the second fluid stream, said first heat exchanger receiving heat from the hot first fluid stream received from the first vortex tube, said first heat exchanger produces a fourth fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating after being mixed with the cool first fluid stream,a second vortex tube that receives the third fluid stream, the third heated fluid stream being segregated into a hot third fluid stream and a cool third fluid stream, said cool third fluid stream being provided to the first heat exchanger where the first heat exchanger increases the temperature of the cool third fluid stream to produce a fifth fluid stream,a mixer that combines the fifth fluid stream with the hot third fluid stream into a sixth fluid stream,a turbine that receives the sixth fluid stream to produce a motive work force, said turbine producing a seventh fluid stream that has a lower temperature and pressure than the sixth fluid stream and said seventh fluid stream is provided to said first heat exchanger. 38. The system of claim 37 further comprising: a second heat exchanger that receives the seventh fluid stream after exiting the turbine and the cool first fluid stream, said second heat exchanger producing an eighth fluid stream from the cool first fluid stream that is transferred to the first external heat source for re-heating and the second heat exchanger produces a ninth fluid stream from the seventh fluid stream, said ninth fluid stream transferred to the first heat exchanger for re-heating and further use in the cycle as the second fluid stream. 39. The system of claim 37 wherein the first or third fluid stream is a supercritical vapor. 40. The system of claim 37 wherein said seventh fluid stream is provided to a condenser where the fluid temperature is decreased. 41. The system of claim 37 wherein the ninth fluid stream is pumped to the first exchanger with a pump unit to provide the second fluid stream to the first heat exchanger. 42. The system of claim 37 wherein the motive work produced by the process is used in the production of electricity. 43. The system of claim 37 wherein the turbine is a thermodynamic engine that converts the elevated temperature sixth fluid stream into a non-heat form of energy. 44. The system of claim 37 wherein the heat source includes a hydrocarbon combustion heat source.

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이 특허를 인용한 특허 피인용횟수: 1

Liu, Angfeng. Temperature differential engine device. USP2015099140242.

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Thermodynamic amplifier cycle system and method

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