Foaming agents, foamable compositions, foams and articles containing halogen substituted olefins, and methods of making same
IPC분류정보
국가/구분
United States(US) Patent
등록
국제특허분류(IPC7판)
C08J-009/12
C08G-018/00
C09K-005/04
출원번호
US-0862483
(2007-09-27)
등록번호
US-8420706
(2013-04-16)
발명자
/ 주소
Bowman, James M.
Williams, David J.
Singh, Rajiv R.
Shankland, Ian
출원인 / 주소
Honeywell International Inc.
대리인 / 주소
Szuch, Colleen D.
인용정보
피인용 횟수 :
1인용 특허 :
29
초록
Various uses of fluoroalkenes, including tetrafluoropropenes, particularly (HFO-1234) in a variety of applications, including as blowing agents are disclosed.
대표청구항▼
1. A foam comprising a plurality of closed polymeric cells and a composition contained in at least one of said cells, said composition having a global warming potential (GWP) not greater than about 500 and comprising (i) from about 1% to about 99% by weight of at least one fluoroalkene of Formula I:
1. A foam comprising a plurality of closed polymeric cells and a composition contained in at least one of said cells, said composition having a global warming potential (GWP) not greater than about 500 and comprising (i) from about 1% to about 99% by weight of at least one fluoroalkene of Formula I: XCF3 (I)where X is a C2 unsaturated, substituted radical having at least one halogen substituent, provided that the fluoroalkene has a terminal unsaturated carbon with at least one H on the unsaturated terminal carbon, and (ii) at least one co-blowing agent which is not a compound in accordance with Formula I and which comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of C4-C6 hydrocarbons, C1-C5 alcohols, C1-C4 ethers, water, CO2 and combinations of two or more of these, said foam having a K-factor (BTU in/hr ft2° F.) at 40° F. of not greater than about 0.14. 2. The foam of claim 1 having a K-factor (BTU in/hr ft2° F.) at 40° F. of not greater than about 0.12. 3. The foam of claim 1 wherein said foam comprises at least one thermoset foam component. 4. The foam of claim 3 wherein said at least one thermoset component comprises polyurethane foam. 5. The foam of claim 3 wherein said at least one thermoset component comprises polyisocyanurate foam. 6. The foam of claim 3 wherein said at least one thermoset component comprises phenolic foam. 7. The foam of claim 1 wherein said foam comprises at least one thermoplastic foam component. 8. The foam of claim 7 wherein said at least one thermoplastic foam component comprises a thermoplastic polymer. 9. The foam of claim 7 wherein said at least one thermoplastic component comprises a polyolefin. 10. The foam of claim 9 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of monovinyl aromatic compounds, ethylene-based compounds, propylene-based polymers, and combinations of these. 11. The foam of claim 9 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, ethylene homopolymers, polypropylene, polyethyleneterepthalate (PET) and combinations of these. 12. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises a thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of C4-C6 hydrocarbons, C1-C5 alcohols, water, CO2 and combinations of two or more of these. 13. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises a thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises ethanol. 14. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises a thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and combinations of these. 15. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises a thermoset and said blowing agent further comprises methyl formate. 16. The foam of claim 1 wherein the fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises transHFCO-1233zd. 17. The foam of claim 1 wherein the fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises transHFO-1234ze. 18. The foam of claim 16 wherein said foam comprises at least one thermoset. 19. The foam of claim 18 wherein said at least one thermoset comprises polyurethane foam. 20. The foam of claim 18 wherein said at least one thermoset comprises polyisocyanurate foam. 21. The foam of claim 18 wherein said at least one thermoset comprises phenolic foam. 22. The foam of claim 16 wherein said foam comprises at least thermoplastic foam. 23. The foam of claim 22 wherein said at least one thermoplastic comprises a polyolefin. 24. The foam of claim 23 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of monovinyl aromatic compounds, ethylene-based compounds, propylene-based polymers, and combinations of these. 25. The foam of claim 23 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, ethylene homopolymers, polypropylene, polyethyleneterepthalate (PET) and combinations of these. 26. The foam of claim 16 wherein the foam comprises thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises C4-C6 hydrocarbon. 27. The foam of claim 16 wherein the foam comprises thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises ethanol. 28. An article selected from the group consisting of block, slabs, pour-in-place panel foam, and laminate comprising the foam of claim 1. 29. The foam of claim 1 being in a form selected from the group consisting of rigid foam, flexible foam, and integral skin foam. 30. A refrigerator comprising the foam of claim 1. 31. A freezer comprising the foam of claim 1. 32. The foam of claim 1 having a K-factor (BTU in/hr ft2° F.) at 75° F. of not greater than about 0.16. 33. The foam of claim 1 having a K-factor (BTU in/hr ft2° F.) at 75° F. of not greater than about 0.15. 34. The foam of claim 1 wherein said X has a terminal ═CH2 group and wherein the fluoroalkene of Formula I includes a halogen substituent on an unsaturated non-terminal carbon. 35. The foam of claim 1 wherein said halogen-substituted C2 alkylene radical is a fluorine substituted C2 alkylene radical. 36. The foam of claim 35 wherein said foam comprises at least one thermoset. 37. The foam of claim 36 wherein said at least one thermoset comprises polyurethane foam. 38. The foam of claim 36 wherein said at least one thermoset comprises polyisocyanurate foam. 39. The foam of claim 36 wherein said at least one thermoset comprises phenolic foam. 40. The foam of claim 35 wherein said foam comprises at least thermoplastic foam. 41. The foam of claim 40 wherein said at least one thermoplastic comprises a polyolefin. 42. The foam of claim 41 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of monovinyl aromatic compounds, ethylene-based compounds, propylene-based polymers, and combinations of these. 43. The foam of claim 41 wherein said polyolefin is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, ethylene homopolymers, polypropylene, polyethyleneterepthalate (PET) and combinations of these. 44. The foam of claim 35 wherein the foam comprises thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises C4-C6 hydrocarbon. 45. The foam of claim 35 wherein the foam comprises thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises ethanol. 46. The foam of claim 35 wherein the foam comprises thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and combinations of these. 47. The foam of claim 35 wherein the foam comprises a thermoset and said co-blowing agent further comprises methyl formate. 48. An article selected from the group consisting of block, slabs, pour-in-place panel foam, and laminate comprising the foam of claim 35. 49. The foam of claim 35 being a form selected from the group consisting of rigid foam, flexible foam, and integeral skin foam. 50. A refrigerator comprising the foam of claim 35. 51. A freezer comprising the foam of claim 35. 52. The foam of claim 35 having a K-factor (BTU in/hr ft2° F.) at 75° F. of not greater than about 0.16. 53. The foam of claim 35 having a K-factor (BTU in/hr ft2° F.) at 75° F. of not greater than about 0.15. 54. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises thermoset and said co-blowing agent comprises isopentane, normal pentane, and/or cyclopentane. 55. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises thermoplastic and said co-blowing agent comprises isobutane and/or normal butane. 56. The foam of claim 1 wherein the fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises HFCO-1233zd. 57. A refrigerator comprising the foam of claim 56. 58. The foam of claim 1 wherein the fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises a combination of cis-1,1,1-trifluo-3,chlororopropene and trans-1,1,1-trifluo-3,chlororopropene. 59. A refrigerator comprising the foam of claim 58. 60. The foam of claim 1 wherein said fluoroalkene of Formula I is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 5% by weight. 61. The foam of claim 60 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 62. The foam of claim 60 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 63. The foam of claim 16 wherein said trans-1233zd is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 5% by weight. 64. The foam of claim 63 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 65. The foam of claim 63 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 66. The foam of claim 18 wherein said trans-1233zd is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 5% by weight. 67. The foam of claim 19 wherein said trans-1233zd is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 5% by weight. 68. The foam of claim 67 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 69. The foam of claim 67 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 70. The refrigerator of claim 30 wherein said fluoroalkene of Formula I is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 5% by weight. 71. The refrigerator of claim 70 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 72. The refrigerator of claim 70 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 73. The foam of claim 1 wherein said fluoroalkene of Formula I is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 50% by weight. 74. The foam of claim 73 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 75. The foam of claim 74 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 76. The foam of claim 16 wherein said trans-1233zd is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 50% by weight. 77. The foam of claim 76 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 78. The foam of claim 76 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 79. The foam of claim 18 wherein said trans-1233zd is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about of at least about 50% by weight. 80. The foam of claim 79 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 81. The foam of claim 79 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 82. The foam of claim 19 wherein said trans-1233zd is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 50% by weight. 83. The refrigerator of claim 30 wherein said fluoroalkene of Formula I is present in the blowing agent composition in an amount of at least about 50% by weight. 84. The refrigerator of claim 83 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 150. 85. The refrigerator of claim 83 wherein said blowing agent has a GWP of not greater than about 75. 86. The foam of claim 12 wherein fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises transHFO-1234ze. 87. The foam of claim 12 wherein fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises transHFO-1234ze and said co-blowing agent comprises C4-C6 hydrocarbon. 88. The foam of claim 1 wherein the foam comprises a thermoplastic, said fluoroalkene of Formula I comprises transHFO-1234ze and said co-blowing agent comprises a compound selected from the group consisting of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether and combinations of these.
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이 특허에 인용된 특허 (29)
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Zimmer Mark F. (Clifton Park NY) Smith William E. (Schenectady NY) Malpass ; Jr. Donald F. (Waterford NY), Catalyst composition for the preparation of 3,3,3-trifluoropropene.
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Tapscott Robert E., Tropodegradable bromine-containing halocarbon additives to decrease flammability of refrigerants foam blowing agents solvents aerosol propellants and sterilants.
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