Described are aircraft with at least one fuselage, a wing, a power plant coupled to the at least one fuselage, a shroud surrounding a propeller, and at least two floats coupled to the wing. As examples, each float may include a step that is forward of the location at which the bottom surface of the
Described are aircraft with at least one fuselage, a wing, a power plant coupled to the at least one fuselage, a shroud surrounding a propeller, and at least two floats coupled to the wing. As examples, each float may include a step that is forward of the location at which the bottom surface of the float intersects a line that passes through a center of gravity of the aircraft and is oriented at an angle of six degrees rearward from vertical. As further examples, each float may include a forward portion located forward of the step, the forward portion including a ski surface that is planar in a left to right horizontal direction, and an aft portion that is located rearward of the step.
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1. A method of landing on a water surface a general aviation class amphibious aircraft adapted to take off and land on water, comprising: a. providing an aircraft, the aircraft having a center of gravity, the aircraft comprising: (i) at least one fuselage and a wing connected to the at least one fus
1. A method of landing on a water surface a general aviation class amphibious aircraft adapted to take off and land on water, comprising: a. providing an aircraft, the aircraft having a center of gravity, the aircraft comprising: (i) at least one fuselage and a wing connected to the at least one fuselage,(ii) a power plant having a propeller, the power plant coupled to an aft portion of the at least one fuselage,(iii) a shroud surrounding the propeller, and(iv) at least two floats coupled to the wing, wherein each float comprises: a) a step that is located on a bottom surface of each float at a point that is forward of the location at which the bottom surface of the float intersects a line that (1) passes through the center of gravity of the aircraft and (2) is oriented at an angle of six degrees rearward from vertical,b) a forward portion located forward of the step, the forward portion including a ski surface that is planar in a left to right horizontal direction,c) an aft portion located rearward of the step, andd) a rudder coupled to the aft portion;b. decelerating to a landing speed;c. contacting the forward portion of each float with the water surface;d. allowing the aircraft to decelerate until the aft portion of each float is wetted;e. taxiing with the aft portion of each float wetted; andf. engaging the rudder on each aft portion to maneuver the aircraft while taxiing. 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing the aircraft includes positioning the step on a vertical line passing through the center of gravity. 3. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of providing the aircraft includes providing an aircraft wherein each float comprises a retractable wheel. 4. The method of claim 1, wherein the rudder is positioned approximately three-quarters of a distance between the step and an aft end of the float in a direction toward the aft end. 5. A method of landing on a water surface a general aviation class amphibious aircraft adapted to take off and land on water, comprising: a. providing an aircraft, the aircraft having a center of gravity, the aircraft comprising: (i) a fuselage coupled to a central region of a wing,(ii) a power plant having a propeller, the power plant coupled to an aft portion of the fuselage,(iii) a shroud surrounding the propeller, and(iv) at least two floats coupled to the wing, wherein each float comprises: a) a step that is located on a bottom surface of each float at a point that is forward of the location at which the bottom surface of the float intersects a line that (1) passes through the center of gravity of the aircraft and (2) is oriented at an angle of six degrees rearward from vertical,b) a forward portion located forward of the step, the forward portion including a ski surface that is planar in a left to right horizontal direction, andc) an aft portion located rearward of the step;b. decelerating to a landing speed;c. contacting the forward portion of each float with the water surface;d. allowing the aircraft to decelerate until the aft portion of each float is wetted; ande. taxiing with the aft portion of each float wetted. 6. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of providing the aircraft includes positioning the step on a vertical line passing through the center of gravity. 7. The method of claim 5, wherein the step of providing the aircraft includes providing an aircraft wherein each float comprises a retractable wheel. 8. A method of landing on a water surface a general aviation class amphibious aircraft adapted to take off and land on water, comprising: a. providing an aircraft, the aircraft having a center of gravity, the aircraft comprising: (i) at least one fuselage and a wing connected to the at least one fuselage,(ii) a power plant having a propeller, the power plant coupled to an aft portion of the at least one fuselage,(iii) a shroud surrounding the propeller, and(iv) at least two floats coupled to the wing, wherein each float comprises: a) a step that is located on a bottom surface of each float at a point that is forward of the location at which the bottom surface of the float intersects a line that (1) passes through the center of gravity of the aircraft and (2) is oriented at an angle of six degrees rearward from vertical,b) a forward portion located forward of the step, the forward portion including a ski surface that is planar in a left to right horizontal direction,c) an aft portion located aft of the step, wherein the ski surface and the location of the step are configured to minimize surface contact pressure between the at least two floats and a landing surface, andd) a rudder coupled to the aft portion;b. decelerating to a landing speed;c. contacting the forward portion of each float with the landing surface;d. allowing the aircraft to decelerate until the aft portion of each float is wetted;e. taxiing with the aft portion of each float wetted; andf. engaging the rudder on each aft portion to maneuver the aircraft while taxiing. 9. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of providing the aircraft includes positioning the step on a vertical line passing through the center of gravity. 10. The method of claim 8, wherein the step of providing the aircraft includes providing an aircraft wherein each float comprises a retractable wheel. 11. The method of claim 8, wherein the rudder is positioned approximately three-quarters of a distance between the step and an aft end of the float in a direction toward the aft end.
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Riggins James W. (3304 40th St. San Diego CA 92105), Aero marine vehicle.
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