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A method of separating a target biological species from a fluid is disclosed comprising contacting the fluid with a ligand-functionalized polymer comprising: a water soluble or water dispersible aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups;whereby a complex comprising the functionalized substr

A method of separating a target biological species from a fluid is disclosed comprising contacting the fluid with a ligand-functionalized polymer comprising: a water soluble or water dispersible aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups;whereby a complex comprising the functionalized substrate and the target biological species is formed.

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1. A method of separating a target biological species from a fluid comprising: contacting the fluid with asubstrate having a coating on a surface thereof of aligand-functionalized polymer comprisinga water soluble or water dispersible aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups;whereby a comp

1. A method of separating a target biological species from a fluid comprising: contacting the fluid with asubstrate having a coating on a surface thereof of aligand-functionalized polymer comprisinga water soluble or water dispersible aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups;whereby a complex comprising the ligand-functionalized polymer and the target biological species is formed, and separating the complex; wherein said target biological species selected from biomacromolecules and microbiological species,wherein the substrate is selected from a film, or a woven or nonwoven web. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein said biomacromolecules are selected from proteins, enzymes, nucleic acids, and endotoxins. 3. The method of claim 1 wherein said microbiological species is selected from bacteria, viruses, cells, cell debris, and spores. 4. The method of claim 1 wherein the aminopolymer functionalized with guanidinyl groups is of the formula: wherein R2 is a H, C1-C12 alkyl, C5-C12 (hetero)aryl, or a residue of the polymer chain;each R3 is independently H, C1-C12 alkyl, or C5-C12 (hetero)aryl,each R4 is H, C1-C12 alkyl or alkylene, C5-C12 (hetero)aryl or (hetero)arylene, cyano, or —C(=NH)—N(R2)-Polymer, andn is 1 or 2. 5. The method of claim 1 wherein the aminopolymer is selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine, polylysine, polyaminoamides, polyallylamine, polyvinylamine, polydimethylamine-epichlorohydrin-ethylenediamine, polyaminosiloxanes and dendrimers formed from polyamidoamine (PAMAM) and polypropylenimine. 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the base substrate is porous. 7. The method of claim 6 wherein the porous base substrate is a microporous base substrate. 8. The method of claim 6 wherein the porous base substrate is a nonwoven web. 9. The method of claim 3 wherein the cells are selected from archaea, bacteria, and eucaryota. 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid is derived from a cell culture or fermentation process. 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the fluid comprises a solution of a purified protein or enzyme after separating the complex. 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the separated complex comprises a purified protein or enzyme. 13. The method of claim 10 wherein the fluid has a salt content of at least 50 millimolar. 14. The method of claim 10 wherein the fluid has a salt content of at least 100 millimolar. 15. The method of claim 1 wherein the amount of ligand-functionalized polymer relative to the amount of target biological species is 0.01% to 100% by weight. 16. The method of claim 1 wherein the ligand-functionalized polymer is present in amounts of 0.01 to 5000 micrograms/mL of fluid. 17. The method of claim 1 wherein 0.1 to 100 mole percent of the available amino groups of the aminopolymer is functionalized with guanidinyl groups. 18. The method of claim 1 wherein functionalized guanidinyl groups are pendent from the polymer chain. 19. The method of claim 1 wherein functionalized guanidinyl groups are in the aminopolymer chain. 20. The method of claim 1 wherein the ligand functionalized polymer is prepared by the steps of contacting a polyamine polymer with a guanylating agent selected from cyanamide; O-alkylisourea salts; chloroformamidine hydrochloride; 1-amidino-1,2,4-triazole hydrochloride; 3,5-dimethylpyrazole-1-carboxamidine nitrate; and carbodiimides. 21. The method of claim 20 further comprising the step of alkylating or acylating a portion of the amino groups of the ligand-functionalized polymer.