IPC분류정보
국가/구분 |
United States(US) Patent
등록
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국제특허분류(IPC7판) |
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출원번호 |
US-0636745
(2009-12-13)
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등록번호 |
US-8436327
(2013-05-07)
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발명자
/ 주소 |
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출원인 / 주소 |
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대리인 / 주소 |
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인용정보 |
피인용 횟수 :
27 인용 특허 :
256 |
초록
▼
The invention relates to treatment of solid cancers. More particularly, the invention relates to a combined rotation/raster method, referred to as multi-field charged particle cancer therapy. The system uses a fixed orientation proton source relative to a rotating patient to yield tumor irradiation
The invention relates to treatment of solid cancers. More particularly, the invention relates to a combined rotation/raster method, referred to as multi-field charged particle cancer therapy. The system uses a fixed orientation proton source relative to a rotating patient to yield tumor irradiation from multiple directions. The system combines layer-wise tumor irradiation from many directions with controlled energy proton irradiation to deliver peak proton beam energy within a selected tumor volume or irradiated slice. Optionally, the selected tumor volume for irradiation from a given angle is a distal portion of the tumor. In this manner ingress Bragg peak energy is circumferentially spread about the tumor minimizing damage to healthy tissue and peak proton energy is efficiently, accurately, and precisely delivered to the tumor.
대표청구항
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1. An apparatus using charged particles for irradiation of a tumor of a patient, comprising: a synchrotron comprising multi-axis control, said multi-axis control comprising: an energy control system, comprising; a magnetic sensor, said magnetic sensor proximate a bending magnet in said synchrotron,
1. An apparatus using charged particles for irradiation of a tumor of a patient, comprising: a synchrotron comprising multi-axis control, said multi-axis control comprising: an energy control system, comprising; a magnetic sensor, said magnetic sensor proximate a bending magnet in said synchrotron, wherein during use said energy control system uses output from said magnetic sensor in control of an energy of the charged particles; andan intensity control system, wherein during use said intensity control system uses a current generated by the charged particles in control of an intensity of the charged particles,wherein the control of the energy and said control of the intensity occurs during extraction. 2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said energy control system and said intensity control system further comprise separate control of the energy and the intensity during an extraction phase of said synchrotron, wherein the energy comprises a speed of the charged particles, wherein the intensity comprises a number of the charged particles per second, wherein said multi-axis control independently changes both the said energy and the intensity over a time period of less than one second. 3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a rotatable platform,wherein said rotatable platform rotates through about three hundred sixty degrees during an irradiation period, andwherein said multi-axis control operates during at least ten rotation positions of said rotatable platform. 4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a respiration sensor configured to generate a respiration signal, corresponding to a respiration cycle of the patient, wherein a timing controller uses the respiration signal to time delivery of the charged particles to a set point in the respiration cycle,wherein said multi-axis control further comprises independent control of all of: a horizontal position of the charged particles;a vertical position of the charged particles;the energy; andthe intensity, wherein said multi-axis control comprises delivery of the charged particles at said set point in the respiration cycle and in coordination with rotation of the patient on said rotatable platform during said at least ten rotation positions of said rotatable platform. 5. The apparatus of claim 1, said synchrotron further comprising: an acceleration period for accelerating the charged particles; andan extraction foil, wherein timing of the charged particles striking said extraction foil in the acceleration period results in extraction at the energy. 6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising: a radio-frequency cavity system, wherein, during use, said radio-frequency cavity system uses output from said extraction foil in control of the intensity. 7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said synchrotron further comprises: a beam extraction path, said beam extraction path sequentially passing through: a radio-frequency cavity system comprising a first pair of blades;a foil, said foil comprising a thickness of thirty to one-hundred microns, said foil consisting essentially of atoms having six or fewer protons;a second pair of blades; andan extraction magnet,wherein a radio-frequency applied across a first pair of blades alters trajectory of the charged particles through said foil yielding reduced energy charged particles, wherein the reduced energy charged particles pass through said second pair of blades, wherein a direct current voltage of at least five hundred volts applied across said second pair of blades and said extraction magnet combine to extract the reduced energy charged particles out of said synchrotron. 8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: a rotatable platform, wherein, during use, said rotatable platform rotates through at least one hundred eighty degrees during a single irradiation period of the patient,wherein timing of said multi-axis control of the energy and the intensity occurs in greater than four rotation positions of said rotatable platform during the irradiation period. 9. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said multi-axis control further comprises control of timing of charged particle delivery,wherein said control of timing further comprises control of: injection of hydrogen gas into an ion beam generation system, wherein a magnetic field barrier in said ion beam generation system exists between a high temperature plasma region and a low temperature plasma zone, said ion beam generation system generating the charged particles,wherein said ion beam generation system further comprises a first vacuum chamber on a first side of a converting foil and a second vacuum chamber on a second side of said converting foil, said first vacuum operating at a separate pressure from said second vacuum chamber. 10. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said energy control system further comprises: a feedback system, wherein said feedback system stabilizes a magnetic field in said bending magnet using input from said magnetic sensor to control a correction coil operating at less than ten percent the power of a winding coil, both said correction coil and said winding coil wound around said bending magnet. 11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said multi-axis control further comprises: a foil, said foil comprising a vacuum barrier between said synchrotron and atmosphere, said coating comprising a layer on said foil, wherein during use said layer yields at least one of: a luminescent, a fluorescent, and a phosphorescent signal when struck by the charged particles. 12. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said multi-axis control increases the intensity when targeting a distal portion of the tumor, and wherein said distal portion of the tumor changes with rotation of the patient on a platform rotating to at least ten distinct rotational positions in a period of less than one minute during irradiation of the tumor by the charged particles. 13. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein said multi-axis control further comprises: a nozzle at an exit port of the synchrotron; anda coating on a surface of said nozzle, said coating configured to emit light,wherein, during use, output of the coating is used to monitor at least one of (1) a horizontal position of the charged particles and (2) a vertical position of the charged particles. 14. A method for controlling charged particles, the charged particles used to irradiate a tumor of a patient, comprising the steps of: extracting the charged particles from a synchrotron; andcontrolling the charged particles along multi-axis, said multi-axis comprising: an energy; andan intensity,wherein said step of controlling said energy and said step of controlling said intensity both occur prior to the charged particles passing through a Lamberson extraction magnet in said synchrotron during said step of extracting. 15. The method of claim 14, further comprising the step of: rotating a rotatable platform through about three hundred sixty degrees during an irradiation period,wherein a step of controlling said energy and a step of extracting both operate during at least ten rotation positions of said rotatable platform,wherein said step of controlling energy changes an energy level of the charged particles at each of said ten irradiation positions. 16. The method of claim 15, further comprising the steps of: holding the patient with said rotatable platform;delivering the charged particles to the tumor of the patient from said synchrotron during said step of rotating the patient on said rotatable platform; anddistributing ingress energy of the charged particles to at least ten areas about the tumor. 17. The method of claim 16, further comprising the steps of: independently controlling said multi-axis, wherein said multi-axis further comprises: a horizontal position of the charged particles; anda vertical position of the charged particles, anddelivering the charged particles at a set point in a respiration cycle and in coordination with said step of rotating during at least ten rotation positions of said rotatable platform;accelerating the charged particles during an acceleration period of said synchrotron; andtiming extraction of the charged particles striking an extraction foil to yield said energy;striking said extraction foil with the charged particles to yield a current;using said current as a feedback control to a radio-frequency cavity system; andcontrolling said intensity by applying a radio frequency in said feedback control to said radio-frequency cavity system. 18. The method of claim 14, wherein said synchrotron further comprises: a beam extraction path, said beam extraction path sequentially comprising: a radio-frequency cavity system comprising a first pair of blades;a foil, said foil comprising a thickness of about thirty to one-hundred microns, said foil consisting essentially of atoms having six or fewer protons;a second pair of blades; andan extraction magnet,wherein said method further comprises the steps of: applying a radio-frequency across said first pair of blades to yield altered trajectory charged particles;passing the altered trajectory charged particles through said foil yielding reduced energy charged particles;transmitting the reduced energy charged particles pass through said second pair of blades;applying a direct current voltage of at least five hundred volts across said second pair of blades; andextracting the reduced energy charged particles out of said synchrotron using an extraction magnet. 19. The method of claim 18, further comprising the steps of: feedback controlling said intensity of the charged particles using a feedback control, said feedback control using a current generated by the charged particles transmitting through said foil as an indicator of charged particle intensity;rotating a rotatable platform through at least one hundred eighty degrees during an irradiation period of the patient; andtiming said step of controlling the charged particles along said multi-axes of said energy and said intensity in greater than four rotation positions of said rotatable platformgenerating a respiration signal with a respiration sensor, said respiration signal corresponding to a respiration cycle of the patient;rotating a rotatable platform, said platform configured to hold the patient during use, through at least one hundred eighty degrees during an irradiation period of the patient,timing said step of controlling the charged particles along multi-axis to correlate with said respiration signal, anddelivering the charged particles in greater than four rotation positions of said rotatable platform. 20. The method of claim 14, wherein said multi-axis control of said intensity further comprises the step of: increasing said intensity when targeting a distal portion of the tumor, wherein said distal portion of said tumor changes with rotation of the patient on a platform rotating to as least ten distinct rotational positions in a period of less than one minute during irradiation of the tumor by the charged particles. 21. The method of claim 14, wherein said multi-axis control further comprises the steps of: horizontally controlling the charged particles;vertically controlling the charged particles; andproviding an X-ray input signal, wherein said X-ray input signal comprises a signal generated by an X-ray source less than about two centimeters from the charged particle beam; wherein both said step of horizontally controlling and said step of vertically controlling use said X-ray input signal.
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